文章目錄

• • 一、docker的四種網(wǎng)絡(luò)
  • 二、docker自定義網(wǎng)絡(luò)
  • 三：Docker資源控制（cpu、內(nèi)存、IO資源控制）

一、docker的四種網(wǎng)絡(luò)

1、host

• 在容器內(nèi)部創(chuàng)建的兩個(gè)容器A,B，通過docker 0（相當(dāng)于小型的局域網(wǎng)，為內(nèi)部容器的網(wǎng)關(guān)）進(jìn)行內(nèi)部通信；與外部通信地址映射Nat模式物理網(wǎng)卡ens33
• 如果兩個(gè)內(nèi)部容器的服務(wù)不同，但端口一樣，進(jìn)行外部通信時(shí)，進(jìn)行端口映射成不同的端口進(jìn)行通信

2、container

• 創(chuàng)建的容器不會(huì)創(chuàng)建自己的網(wǎng)卡、設(shè)置IP等，而是和一個(gè)指定地容器共享IP、端口范圍
• 這個(gè)模式指定新創(chuàng)建的容器和已經(jīng)存在的一個(gè)容器共享一network namespace，而不是和宿主機(jī)共享，新創(chuàng)建的容器不會(huì)創(chuàng)建自己的網(wǎng)卡，配置自己的IP，而是和一個(gè)指定地容器共享IP、端口范圍等。同樣，兩個(gè)容器除了網(wǎng)絡(luò)方面，其他的如文件系統(tǒng)、進(jìn)程列表還是隔離的。兩個(gè)容器的進(jìn)程可以通過loo網(wǎng)卡設(shè)備通信

3、None

• 該模式關(guān)閉了容器的網(wǎng)絡(luò)功能
• 這種網(wǎng)絡(luò)模式下容器只有l(wèi)o回環(huán)網(wǎng)口，沒有其他的網(wǎng)卡。none 模式可以在容器創(chuàng)建時(shí)通過-network=none參數(shù)指定
• 這種類型的網(wǎng)絡(luò)無法聯(lián)網(wǎng)，但是封閉的網(wǎng)絡(luò)能很好的保證容器的安全性，提高了安全性。

4、Bridge

• 此模式會(huì)為每一個(gè)容器分配、設(shè)置IP等，并將容器連接到一個(gè)docker虛擬網(wǎng)橋，通過docker0網(wǎng)橋及iptables的nat表配置與宿主機(jī)通信
• 當(dāng)Docker進(jìn)程啟動(dòng)時(shí)，會(huì)在主機(jī)上創(chuàng)建一個(gè)名為docker0的虛擬網(wǎng)橋,此主機(jī)上啟動(dòng)的Docker容器會(huì)連接到這個(gè)虛擬網(wǎng)橋上。虛擬網(wǎng)橋的工作方式和物理交換機(jī)類似，這樣主機(jī)上的所有容器就通過交換機(jī)連在了一個(gè)二層網(wǎng)絡(luò)中
• 從docker0子網(wǎng)中分配一個(gè)IP給容器使用，并設(shè)置docker0的IP地址為容器的默認(rèn)網(wǎng)關(guān)。在主機(jī)上創(chuàng)建一對(duì)虛擬網(wǎng)卡veth pair設(shè)備，Docker將veth pair設(shè)備的一端掛載在新創(chuàng)建的容器中，并命名為ethO (容器的網(wǎng)卡)，另一端放在主機(jī)中，以vethxxx這樣類似的名字命名，并將這個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備加入到docker0網(wǎng)橋中。可以通過brctl show命令查看。

總結(jié)

host模式 -net= host 容器和宿主機(jī)共享Network namespace（網(wǎng)絡(luò)名稱空間）containeb模式 -net=container.NAME_or_ID 容器和另外一個(gè)容器共享Network namespace（共享ip地址和端口范圍）none模式 -net= none 容器有獨(dú)立的Network namespace,但并沒有對(duì)其進(jìn)行任何網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)置，無法與外部進(jìn)行交互。如分配veth pair和網(wǎng)橋連接,配置IP等。bridge模式 -net= bridge (默認(rèn)為該模式)docker 0為虛擬網(wǎng)橋，所有的容器會(huì)連接到虛擬網(wǎng)橋上（因?yàn)樘摂M網(wǎng)橋?yàn)樗鼈兊奶摂M網(wǎng)關(guān)），虛擬網(wǎng)橋會(huì)結(jié)合iptable的規(guī)則去進(jìn)行地址映射，把容器地址段映射為宿主機(jī)的地址段，用于和宿主機(jī)通訊，最后讓宿主機(jī)連接外網(wǎng)。注：以上不需要?jiǎng)邮峙渲?#xff0c;真正需要配置的是自定義網(wǎng)絡(luò)

二、docker自定義網(wǎng)絡(luò)

1、查看網(wǎng)絡(luò)列表

[root@server1 ~]# docker network ls NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE 4c67ba8a5d4b bride bridge local bfbf3cdaf20a host host local f5b7dfaba49b none null local

2、根據(jù)鏡像創(chuàng)建容器并指定ip地址

• 因?yàn)楸镜赜戌R像，所以無效下載，直接進(jìn)行操作
• 會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)：來自守護(hù)程序的錯(cuò)誤響應(yīng)，僅在用戶定義的網(wǎng)絡(luò)上支持用戶指定的IP地址

[root@server1 ~]# docker run -itd --name test1 --network bridge --ip 172.17.0.10 centos:7 /bin/bash 11ffd3d0a05f7def137ef2e1d6ed2d77f646032287dbe7b12c3210547860c2c3 docker: Error response from daemon: user specified IP address is supported on user defined networks only.

3、根據(jù)鏡像創(chuàng)建容器不指定ip地址

• 會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)：原因已經(jīng)之前指定IP地址了

[root@server1 ~]# docker run -itd --name test2 --network bridge centos:7 /bin/bash 2f35af2c52a632ac10eefe6ef5836f268626f18aa3060083c9a917bc03823d5c[root@server1 ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 2f35af2c52a6 centos:7 "/bin/bash" 2 seconds ago Up 1 second test2 11ffd3d0a05f centos:7 "/bin/bash" 2 minutes ago Created test1[root@server1 ~]# docker start 11ffd3d0a05f Error response from daemon: user specified IP address is supported on user defined networks only Error: failed to start containers: 11ffd3d0a05f #原因：創(chuàng)建運(yùn)行容器手動(dòng)指定IP地址，不允許，沒有權(quán)限，違背ip地址分配規(guī)則按順序配置

• 查看已運(yùn)行容器狀態(tài)

[root@server1 ~]# docker exec -it 2f35af2c52a6 /bin/bash [root@2f35af2c52a6 /]# yum -y install net-tools [root@2f35af2c52a6 /]# ifconfig eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500inet 172.17.0.2 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.17.255.255ether 02:42:ac:11:00:02 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)RX packets 2475 bytes 13137917 (12.5 MiB)RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0TX packets 2461 bytes 136191 (132.9 KiB)TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0loop txqueuelen 1 (Local Loopback)RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

4、自定義網(wǎng)絡(luò)固定IP

[root@server1 ~]# docker network create --subnet=172.18.0.0/16 mysub 7b9ff03bf0a3c829b452b5970c2ffca6a44a70fe0e00ca93226514a6a5c224d9[root@server1 ~]# docker network ls NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE 4c67ba8a5d4b bridge bridge local bfbf3cdaf20a host host local 7b9ff03bf0a3 mysub bridge local # 自定義 f5b7dfaba49b none null local

5、定義分配地址

[root@server1 ~]# docker run -itd --name test3 --net mysub --ip 172.18.0.100 centos:7 /bin/bash eda31a7db2875e735ade11389ffdd9edd790b6d907a02e0bba188d1f4689acbd[root@server1 ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES eda31a7db287 centos:7 "/bin/bash" 4 seconds ago Up 4 seconds test3 2f35af2c52a6 centos:7 "/bin/bash" 14 minutes ago Up 14 minutes test2 11ffd3d0a05f centos:7 "/bin/bash" 16 minutes ago Created

• 查看容器網(wǎng)絡(luò)地址

[root@server1 ~]# docker exec -it eda31a7db287 /bin/bash [root@eda31a7db287 /]# yum -y install net-tools [root@eda31a7db287 /]# ifconfig eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500inet 172.18.0.100 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.18.255.255ether 02:42:ac:12:00:64 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)RX packets 1979 bytes 13111519 (12.5 MiB)RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0TX packets 1967 bytes 109708 (107.1 KiB)TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

• 測試網(wǎng)關(guān)

[root@eda31a7db287 /]# ping 172.18.0.1 PING 172.18.0.1 (172.18.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.18.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.067 ms 64 bytes from 172.18.0.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.034 ms 64 bytes from 172.18.0.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.036 ms

• 測試另一個(gè)網(wǎng)橋網(wǎng)關(guān)

[root@eda31a7db287 /]# ping 172.17.0.1 PING 172.17.0.1 (172.17.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.17.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.051 ms 64 bytes from 172.17.0.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.061 ms 64 bytes from 172.17.0.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.038 ms

三：Docker資源控制（cpu、內(nèi)存、IO資源控制）

前言

• 07年谷歌，可以控制資源分配通過操作系統(tǒng)內(nèi)核,控制應(yīng)用程序使用內(nèi)存資源、cpu資源、 文件系統(tǒng)資源等等
• cgroup是一種資源控制手段
• 每個(gè)容器相當(dāng)于一個(gè)進(jìn)程

1、CPU使用率控制

• cpu周期: 1s為一個(gè)周期的定律，參數(shù)值一般為100000 (CPU衡量單位是秒)
• 假如需要給此容器分配cpu使用率的20%,則參數(shù)需要設(shè)置為20000,相當(dāng)于每個(gè)周期分配給這個(gè)容器0.2s
• cpu在一個(gè)時(shí)刻，只能給一個(gè)進(jìn)程占用

cat /sys/fs/cgroup/qpu/docker/容器ID/qpu.cfs_ quota us [root@server1 ~]# cd /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu/docker/ [root@server1 docker]# ls 2f35af2c52a632ac10eefe6ef5836f268626f18aa3060083c9a917bc03823d5c cgroup.clone_children cgroup.event_control cgroup.procs cpuacct.stat cpuacct.usage cpuacct.usage_percpu cpu.cfs_period_us cpu.cfs_quota_us cpu.rt_period_us cpu.rt_runtime_us cpu.shares cpu.stat eda31a7db2875e735ade11389ffdd9edd790b6d907a02e0bba188d1f4689acbd notify_on_release tasks[root@server1 docker]# cd 2f35af2c52a632ac10eefe6ef5836f268626f18aa3060083c9a917bc03823d5c/ [root@server1 2f35af2c52a632ac10eefe6ef5836f268626f18aa3060083c9a917bc03823d5c]# ls cgroup.clone_children cpuacct.usage cpu.rt_period_us notify_on_release cgroup.event_control cpuacct.usage_percpu cpu.rt_runtime_us tasks cgroup.procs cpu.cfs_period_us cpu.shares cpuacct.stat cpu.cfs_quota_us cpu.stat [root@server1 2f35af2c52a632ac10eefe6ef5836f268626f18aa3060083c9a917bc03823d5c]# cat cpu.cfs_quota_us -1 # -1代表此容器可以使用的資源不受限制會(huì)引發(fā)問題，導(dǎo)致某個(gè)容器占用資源過大，影響其它容器的性能

2、動(dòng)態(tài)查看cpu使用率

• ①top

[root@server1 ~]# top

• ②docker stats

[root@server1 ~]# docker stats CONTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS eda31a7db287 test3 0.00% 82.76MiB / 3.686GiB 2.19% 13.1MB / 111kB 139kB / 49.1MB 1 2f35af2c52a6 test2 0.00% 96.35MiB / 3.686GiB 2.55% 13.1MB / 136kB 110MB / 49.8MB 1# CONTAINER ID 容器ID # NAME 容器名稱 # CPU % CPU占用 # MEM USAGE 內(nèi)存占用 # LIMIT 內(nèi)存最大限制 # MEM % 內(nèi)存使用率 # NET I/O IO控制 # BLOCK I/O BLOCK控制/也是對(duì)IO的控制 # PIDS PID

3、CPU 20%的限定

• 方式一 在創(chuàng)建容器運(yùn)行進(jìn)行資源限制
• ①創(chuàng)建容器

[root@server1 ~]# docker run -itd --name test4 --cpu-quota 20000 centos:7 /bin/bash 5906465b58b809e7a30a63c8fd0aa0f16114fe5d8f006ff5343e0a943b4f3d51

• ②計(jì)算圓周率

[root@server1 ~]# docker exec -it 5906465b58b8 /bin/bash [root@5906465b58b8 /]# yum -y install bc [root@5906465b58b8 /]# echo "scale=5000;4*a(1)" | bc -l -q

• ③另開一個(gè)新的會(huì)話窗口查看

[root@server1 ~]# top

• 方式二 對(duì)已經(jīng)存在且在運(yùn)行時(shí)狀態(tài)的容器進(jìn)行設(shè)置
• ①查看運(yùn)行容器

[root@server1 ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 5906465b58b8 centos:7 "/bin/bash" 13 minutes ago Up 13 minutes test4 eda31a7db287 centos:7 "/bin/bash" About an hour ago Up About an hour test3 2f35af2c52a6 centos:7 "/bin/bash" About an hour ago Up About an hour test2 11ffd3d0a05f centos:7 "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Created test1

• ②進(jìn)入容器設(shè)置
• echo “20000” > 容器完整ID/cpu.cfs quota us

[root@server1 ~]# cd /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu/docker/ [root@server1 docker]# cd eda31a7db2875e735ade11389ffdd9edd790b6d907a02e0bba188d1f4689acbd/ [root@server1 eda31a7db2875e735ade11389ffdd9edd790b6d907a02e0bba188d1f4689acbd]# echo "20000" > cpu.cfs_quota_us [root@server1 eda31a7db2875e735ade11389ffdd9edd790b6d907a02e0bba188d1f4689acbd]# cat cpu.cfs_quota_us 20000

4、設(shè)置容器的權(quán)重

• 關(guān)閉運(yùn)行中的容器，不讓它們占用資源

[root@server1 ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 5906465b58b8 centos:7 "/bin/bash" 22 minutes ago Up 22 minutes test4 eda31a7db287 centos:7 "/bin/bash" About an hour ago Up About an hour test3 2f35af2c52a6 centos:7 "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours test2 11ffd3d0a05f centos:7 "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Created test1[root@server1 ~]# docker stop 5906465b58b8 5906465b58b8 [root@server1 ~]# docker stop eda31a7db287 eda31a7db287 [root@server1 ~]# docker stop 2f35af2c52a6 2f35af2c52a6[root@server1 ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 5906465b58b8 centos:7 "/bin/bash" 23 minutes ago Exited (137) 56 seconds ago test4 eda31a7db287 centos:7 "/bin/bash" About an hour ago Exited (137) 38 seconds ago test3 2f35af2c52a6 centos:7 "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Exited (137) 9 seconds ago test2 11ffd3d0a05f centos:7 "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Created

• 按比例分配設(shè)置容器權(quán)重，此處權(quán)重是所有值相加然后看占用百分比

[root@server1 ~]# docker run -itd --name c1 --cpu-shares 512 centos:7 /bin/bash 24dce68faa2f79b279baca01796df378f8a0f901653a845aa2e593655328eea4[root@server1 ~]# docker run -itd --name c2 --cpu-shares 1024 centos:7 /bin/bash 7bb762fd67c304472e1360a301523672ebc3cdc9af0eb8aa832360d403382c23[root@server1 ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 7bb762fd67c3 centos:7 "/bin/bash" 3 seconds ago Up 2 seconds c2 24dce68faa2f centos:7 "/bin/bash" 19 seconds ago Up 18 seconds

• 復(fù)制兩個(gè)終端、分別進(jìn)入容器后進(jìn)行測試，主終端使用docker stats進(jìn)行查看
• ①查看容器ID

[root@server1 ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 7bb762fd67c3 centos:7 "/bin/bash" 8 minutes ago Up 8 minutes c2 24dce68faa2f centos:7 "/bin/bash" 9 minutes ago Up 9 minutes c1

• ②兩個(gè)終端分別進(jìn)入測試

[root@server1 ~]# docker exec -it 7bb762fd67c3 /bin/bash [root@7bb762fd67c3 /]# yum -y install epel-release [root@7bb762fd67c3 /]# yum -y install stress [root@7bb762fd67c3 /]# stress -c 4 # stress模擬滿載線程 [root@server1 ~]# docker exec -it 24dce68faa2f /bin/bash [root@24dce68faa2f /]# yum -y install epel-release [root@24dce68faa2f /]# yum -y install stress [root@24dce68faa2f /]# stress -c 4 # stress模擬滿載線程

• ③查看容器資源占用情況

CONTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK IO PIDS 7bb762fd67c3 c2 265.10% 121.1MiB / 3.686GiB 3.21% 21.3MB / 173kB 1.12MB 50MB 7 24dce68faa2f c1 132.93% 120.8MiB / 3.686GiB 3.20% 21.5MB / 281kB 8.19kB 50.1MB 7

5、限制容器使用的CPU (指定使用第2第4個(gè))

• 關(guān)閉所有運(yùn)行的容器

[root@server1 ~]# docker stop 7bb762fd67c3 7bb762fd67c3 [root@server1 ~]# docker stop 24dce68faa2f 24dce68faa2f[root@server1 ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 7bb762fd67c3 centos:7 "/bin/bash" 45 minutes ago Exited (137) 27 seconds ago c2 24dce68faa2f centos:7 "/bin/bash" 45 minutes ago Exited (137) 11 seconds ago c1 5906465b58b8 centos:7 "/bin/bash" About an hour ago Exited (137) 50 minutes ago test4 eda31a7db287 centos:7 "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Exited (137) 50 minutes ago test3 2f35af2c52a6 centos:7 "/bin/bash" 2 hours ago Exited (137) 49 minutes ago test2 11ffd3d0a05f centos:7 "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Created

• 創(chuàng)建容器

[root@server1 ~]# docker run -itd --name c3 --cpuset-cpus 1,3 centos:7 /bin/bash[root@server1 ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES d21509f83a1a centos:7 "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours c3[root@server1 ~]# docker exec -it d21509f83a1a /bin/bash [root@d21509f83a1a /]# yum -y install epel-release [root@d21509f83a1a /]# yum -y install stress [root@d21509f83a1a /]# stress -c 2

• 另開終端查看

[root@server1 ~]# top top - 04:13:17 up 9:45, 4 users, load average: 0.43, 0.15, 0.09 Tasks: 223 total, 3 running, 220 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie %Cpu0 : 0.0 us, 0.3 sy, 0.0 ni, 99.7 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st %Cpu1 :100.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni, 0.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st %Cpu2 : 0.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni,100.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st %Cpu3 :100.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni, 0.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st

6、內(nèi)存使用上限限制

• 創(chuàng)建容器

[root@server1 ~]# docker run -itd --name c4 -m 512m centos:7 /bin/bash 4be6941bc10e3bf5603a4e56093e202c4ea78e93a8aecd450c7aac8e2de6e954 [root@server1 ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 4be6941bc10e centos:7 "/bin/bash" 4 seconds ago Up 3 seconds

• 查看

[root@server1 ~]# docker stats CONTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS 4be6941bc10e c4 0.00% 392KiB / 512MiB 0.07% 648B / 0B 0B / 0B 1

7、docker Io限制

• docker的Io限制就是對(duì)block的Io進(jìn)行約束
• 控制數(shù)據(jù)量用的較多，其中控制Io次數(shù)使用的較少

--device-read-bps :限制讀某個(gè)設(shè)備的bps (數(shù)據(jù)量，比特率，每秒數(shù)據(jù)傳輸速率) docker run -itd --device-read-bps /dev/sda:30M centos:7 /bin/bash --device-write-bps:限制寫入某個(gè)設(shè)備的bps (數(shù)據(jù)量) docker run -itd --device-write-bps /dev/sda:30M centos:7 /bin/bash --device-read-iops限制讀某個(gè)設(shè)備的iops (次數(shù)) --device-write-iops 限制寫入某個(gè)設(shè)備的iops (次數(shù))

8、for語句批量刪除

• 批量刪除“exit”狀態(tài)容器

[root@server1 ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 4be6941bc10e centos:7 "/bin/bash" 4 minutes ago Up 4 minutes c4 d21509f83a1a centos:7 "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours c3 7bb762fd67c3 centos:7 "/bin/bash" 4 hours ago Exited (137) 3 hours ago c2 24dce68faa2f centos:7 "/bin/bash" 4 hours ago Exited (137) 3 hours ago c1 5906465b58b8 centos:7 "/bin/bash" 4 hours ago Exited (137) 4 hours ago test4 eda31a7db287 centos:7 "/bin/bash" 5 hours ago Exited (137) 4 hours ago test3 2f35af2c52a6 centos:7 "/bin/bash" 6 hours ago Exited (137) 4 hours ago test2 11ffd3d0a05f centos:7 "/bin/bash" 6 hours ago Created test1 [root@server1 ~]# for i in `docker ps -a | grep -i exit | awk '{print $1}'`;do docker rm -f $i;done 7bb762fd67c3 24dce68faa2f 5906465b58b8 eda31a7db287 2f35af2c52a6[root@server1 ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 4be6941bc10e centos:7 "/bin/bash" 5 minutes ago Up 5 minutes c4 d21509f83a1a centos:7 "/bin/bash" 3 hours ago Up 3 hours c3

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