Docker通過輕松構建和共享包含應用程序整個環境的映像來簡化軟件交付，例如，操作系統，JDK，數據庫，WAR文件，應用程序所需的特定調整等。

Docker包含三個主要組件：

• Docker映像是“構建組件” –應用程序操作系統的只讀模板。
• 容器是“運行組件” –從映像創建的運行時表示。
• 注冊表是“分發組件” –存儲和分發映像的地方。

可在www.jboss.org/docker上以Docker映像的形式獲得幾個JBoss項目。 技術提示39說明了如何在Mac上使用Docker。 它還說明了如何啟動正式的WildFly Docker映像 。

Docker映像由多層組成，其中每一層都提供某些功能，而更高的層可以在其之上添加功能。 例如，Docker將根文件系統掛載為只讀層，然后在其之上添加一個讀寫層。 使用Union Mount將所有這些層組合在一起，以提供應用程序操作環境。

關于WildFly圖像構建方式的完整歷史可以看成是：

docker history --no-trunc=true jboss/wildfly IMAGE CREATED CREATED BY SIZE 365390553f925f96f8c00f79525ad101847de7781bb4fec23b1188f25fe99a6a 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD [/opt/jboss/wildfly/bin/standalone.sh -b 0.0.0.0] 0 B d7fccab36b8f5a324ef8dd017c8964f2de7839379503021f15502ba3f0b908bd 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) EXPOSE map[8080/tcp:{} 9990/tcp:{}] 0 B 184d6d02f340455d33d226d6467484027d0763964a586ae9ada1782262299a74 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENV JBOSS_HOME=/opt/jboss/wildfly 0 B 57ada25ecdd03191355ec1c8f5f1a4e05b3e152709c9b603d5ed5fb0c4d53853 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c cd $HOME && curl http://download.jboss.org/wildfly/$WILDFLY_VERSION/wildfly-$WILDFLY_VERSION.tar.gz | tar zx && mv $HOME/wildfly-$WILDFLY_VERSION $HOME/wildfly 135 MB 59ec65b61fba2b6ada099abe3a9a30d05ffb71370b43dfbd0208fd4f5a34c005 3 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENV WILDFLY_VERSION=8.1.0.Final 0 B 90832e1f0bb9e9f98ecd42f6df6b124c1e6768babaddc23d646cd75c7b2fddec 5 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ENV JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java 0 B 72d585299bb5c5c1c326422cfffadc93d8bb4020f35bf072b2d91d287967807a 5 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) USER jboss 0 B e02bdb6c4ed5436da02c958d302af5f06c1ebb1821791f60d45e190ebb55130f 5 weeks ago /bin/sh -c yum -y install java-1.7.0-openjdk-devel && yum clean all 217.2 MB b17a20d6f5f8e7ed0a1dba277acd3f854c531b0476b03d63a8f0df4caf78c763 5 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) USER root 0 B 7759146eab1a3aa5ba5ed12483d03e64a6bf1061a383d5713a5e21fc40554457 5 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) MAINTAINER Marek Goldmann 0 B 2ea8562cac7c25a308b4565b66d4f7e11a1d2137a599ef2b32ed23c78f0a0378 5 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) USER jboss 0 B 4d37cbbfc67dd508e682a5431a99d8c1feba1bd8352ffd3ea794463d9cfa81cc 5 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) WORKDIR /opt/jboss 0 B 379edb00ab0764276787ea777243990da697f2f93acb5d9166ff73ad01511a87 5 weeks ago /bin/sh -c groupadd -r jboss -g 1000 && useradd -u 1000 -r -g jboss -m -d /opt/jboss -s /sbin/nologin -c "JBoss user" jboss 295 kB cd5bb934bb6755e910d19ac3ae4cfd09221aa2f98c3fbb51a7486991364dc1ae 5 weeks ago /bin/sh -c yum -y install xmlstarlet saxon augeas bsdtar unzip && yum clean all 21.35 MB 20a1abe1d9bfb9b1e46d5411abd5a38b6104a323b7c4fb5c0f1f161b8f7278c2 5 weeks ago /bin/sh -c yum -y update && yum clean all 200.7 MB 1ef0a50fe8b1394d3626a7624a58b58cff9560ddb503743099a56bbe95ab481a 5 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) MAINTAINER Marek Goldmann 0 B 7d3f07f8de5fb3a20c6cb1e4447773a5741e3641c1aa093366eaa0fc690c6417 7 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:285fdeab65d637727f6b79392a309135494d2e6046c6cc2fbd2f23e43eaac69c in / 374.1 MB 782cf93a8f16d3016dae352188cd5cfedb6a15c37d4dbd704399f02d1bb89dab 7 weeks ago /bin/sh -c #(nop) MAINTAINER Lokesh Mandvekar - ./buildcontainers.sh 0 B 511136ea3c5a64f264b78b5433614aec563103b4d4702f3ba7d4d2698e22c158 17 months ago 0 B

在此輸出中列出了在每一層發出的確切命令。 如果滾動到最右邊，那么您還可以看到每個圖層占用的總空間。 例如，Fedora用作基本映像，消耗了約574 MB的總映像，Open JDK 7占用了217.5 MB，WildFly則是135 MB。

通過閱讀Dockerfile的指令來構建Docker映像。 這是一個文本文件，按順序包含構建給定圖像所需的所有命令。 它遵循特定的格式并使用一組特定的說明。 命令的詞匯量非常有限，但可以很好地達到目的。 可以通過提供命令docker build來構建映像。 Docker Tutorial提供了有關如何創建自己的自定義映像的完整說明。

官方的WildFly Docker映像是使用Fedora 20作為基本操作系統構建的。 可以在github.com/jboss-dockerfiles/wildfly/blob/master/Dockerfile上看到Dockerfile 。 它使用jboss / base-jdk：7作為基礎映像，而使用jboss / base作為基礎映像。 jboss / base的Dockerfile顯示Fedora 20被用作基礎映像。

一種替代方法是使用CentOS或Ubuntu作為基礎映像來構建該映像。 Dockerfile S表示這些圖像可在github.com/arun-gupta/docker-images/ 。

啟動boot2docker將輸出顯示為：

bash unset DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH ; unset LD_LIBRARY_PATH mkdir -p ~/.boot2docker if [ ! -f ~/.boot2docker/boot2docker.iso ]; then cp /usr/local/share/boot2docker/boot2docker.iso ~/.boot2docker/ ; fi /usr/local/bin/boot2docker init /usr/local/bin/boot2docker up $(/usr/local/bin/boot2docker shellinit) docker version Last login: Mon Nov 24 11:03:33 on ttys006 hello arungupta ~> bash ~> unset DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH ; unset LD_LIBRARY_PATH ~> mkdir -p ~/.boot2docker ~> if [ ! -f ~/.boot2docker/boot2docker.iso ]; then cp /usr/local/share/boot2docker/boot2docker.iso ~/.boot2docker/ ; fi ~> /usr/local/bin/boot2docker init Virtual machine boot2docker-vm already exists ~> /usr/local/bin/boot2docker up Waiting for VM and Docker daemon to start... .....................ooooooooooooooooo Started. Writing /Users/arungupta/.boot2docker/certs/boot2docker-vm/ca.pem Writing /Users/arungupta/.boot2docker/certs/boot2docker-vm/cert.pem Writing /Users/arungupta/.boot2docker/certs/boot2docker-vm/key.pemTo connect the Docker client to the Docker daemon, please set:export DOCKER_HOST=tcp://192.168.59.103:2376export DOCKER_CERT_PATH=/Users/arungupta/.boot2docker/certs/boot2docker-vmexport DOCKER_TLS_VERIFY=1~> $(/usr/local/bin/boot2docker shellinit) Writing /Users/arungupta/.boot2docker/certs/boot2docker-vm/ca.pem Writing /Users/arungupta/.boot2docker/certs/boot2docker-vm/cert.pem Writing /Users/arungupta/.boot2docker/certs/boot2docker-vm/key.pem ~> docker version Client version: 1.3.1 Client API version: 1.15 Go version (client): go1.3.3 Git commit (client): 4e9bbfa OS/Arch (client): darwin/amd64 Server version: 1.3.1 Server API version: 1.15 Go version (server): go1.3.3 Git commit (server): 4e9bbfa

然后，您可以構建基于CentOS的WildFly Docker映像，如下所示。 請注意，此命令是從github.com/arun-gupta/docker-images/的“ wildfly-centos”目錄中給出的 。 因此，Dockerfile位于github.com/arun-gupta/docker-images/blob/master/wildfly-centos/Dockerfile 。

wildfly-centos> docker build -t wildfly-centos . Sending build context to Docker daemon 4.096 kB Sending build context to Docker daemon Step 0 : FROM centos centos:latest: The image you are pulling has been verified 511136ea3c5a: Pull complete 5b12ef8fd570: Pull complete ae0c2d0bdc10: Pull complete Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:latest---> ae0c2d0bdc10 Step 1 : MAINTAINER Arun Gupta <arungupta@redhat.com>---> Running in 7fc52653d381---> e490dfcb3685 Removing intermediate container 7fc52653d381 Step 2 : RUN yum -y update && yum clean all---> Running in 90de23c9dde7 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Determining fastest mirrors* base: mirror.cc.columbia.edu* extras: centos.mirror.ndchost.com* updates: centos-distro.cavecreek.net Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package tzdata.noarch 0:2014h-1.el7 will be updated ---> Package tzdata.noarch 0:2014j-1.el7_0 will be an update --> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved================================================================================Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================ Updating:tzdata noarch 2014j-1.el7_0 updates 434 kTransaction Summary ================================================================================ Upgrade 1 PackageTotal download size: 434 k Downloading packages: Delta RPMs disabled because /usr/bin/applydeltarpm not installed. warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/updates/packages/tzdata-2014j-1.el7_0.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY Public key for tzdata-2014j-1.el7_0.noarch.rpm is not installed Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 Importing GPG key 0xF4A80EB5:Userid : "CentOS-7 Key (CentOS 7 Official Signing Key) <security@centos.org>"Fingerprint: 6341 ab27 53d7 8a78 a7c2 7bb1 24c6 a8a7 f4a8 0eb5Package : centos-release-7-0.1406.el7.centos.2.5.x86_64 (@Updates/$releasever)From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transactionUpdating : tzdata-2014j-1.el7_0.noarch 1/2 Cleanup : tzdata-2014h-1.el7.noarch 2/2 Verifying : tzdata-2014j-1.el7_0.noarch 1/2 Verifying : tzdata-2014h-1.el7.noarch 2/2 Updated:tzdata.noarch 0:2014j-1.el7_0 Complete! Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Cleaning repos: base extras updates Cleaning up everything Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors---> f212cb9dbcf5 Removing intermediate container 90de23c9dde7 Step 3 : RUN yum -y install xmlstarlet saxon augeas bsdtar unzip && yum clean all---> Running in d4bd822933c8 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Determining fastest mirrors* base: mirror-centos.hostingswift.com* extras: mirror.keystealth.org* updates: mirrors.advancedhosters.com No package xmlstarlet available. Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package augeas.x86_64 0:1.1.0-12.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: augeas-libs = 1.1.0-12.el7 for package: augeas-1.1.0-12.el7.x86_64. . .--> Processing Dependency: python-lxml for package: python-javapackages-3.4.1-6.el7_0.noarch --> Running transaction check ---> Package python-lxml.x86_64 0:3.2.1-4.el7 will be installed --> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved================================================================================Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================ Installing:augeas x86_64 1.1.0-12.el7 base 35 kbsdtar x86_64 3.1.2-7.el7 base 55 k. . .python-javapackages noarch 3.4.1-6.el7_0 updates 31 kpython-lxml x86_64 3.2.1-4.el7 base 758 kTransaction Summary ================================================================================ Install 4 Packages (+9 Dependent packages)Total download size: 4.2 M Installed size: 8.0 M Downloading packages: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 188 kB/s | 4.2 MB 00:22 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transactionInstalling : lzo-2.06-6.el7_0.2.x86_64 1/13 Installing : libxslt-1.1.28-5.el7.x86_64 . . .Installing : unzip-6.0-13.el7.x86_64 13/13 Verifying : augeas-1.1.0-12.el7.x86_64 1/13 . . .Verifying : javapackages-tools-3.4.1-6.el7_0.noarch 13/13 Installed:augeas.x86_64 0:1.1.0-12.el7 bsdtar.x86_64 0:3.1.2-7.el7 saxon.noarch 0:9.3.0.4-11.el7 unzip.x86_64 0:6.0-13.el7 Dependency Installed:augeas-libs.x86_64 0:1.1.0-12.el7 bea-stax.noarch 0:1.2.0-9.el7 bea-stax-api.noarch 0:1.2.0-9.el7 javapackages-tools.noarch 0:3.4.1-6.el7_0 libarchive.x86_64 0:3.1.2-7.el7 libxslt.x86_64 0:1.1.28-5.el7 lzo.x86_64 0:2.06-6.el7_0.2 python-javapackages.noarch 0:3.4.1-6.el7_0 python-lxml.x86_64 0:3.2.1-4.el7 Complete! Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Cleaning repos: base extras updates Cleaning up everything Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors---> 28b11e6151f0 Removing intermediate container d4bd822933c8 Step 4 : RUN groupadd -r jboss -g 1000 && useradd -u 1000 -r -g jboss -m -d /opt/jboss -s /sbin/nologin -c "JBoss user" jboss---> Running in 943c20ba5a51---> 73603eab89b7 Removing intermediate container 943c20ba5a51 Step 5 : WORKDIR /opt/jboss---> Running in 29c865c3109c---> 9a661ae4341b Removing intermediate container 29c865c3109c Step 6 : USER jboss---> Running in 7dfd8416ae2c---> 6265153611c7 Removing intermediate container 7dfd8416ae2c Step 7 : USER root---> Running in a72588fba840---> 12ed28a7acb7 Removing intermediate container a72588fba840 Step 8 : RUN yum -y install java-1.7.0-openjdk-devel && yum clean all---> Running in 4efb3e17eb38 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Determining fastest mirrors* base: mirror.trouble-free.net* extras: centos.mirror.ndchost.com* updates: centos-distro.cavecreek.net Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package java-1.7.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 1:1.7.0.71-2.5.3.1.el7_0 will be installed. . .---> Package hwdata.noarch 0:0.252-7.3.el7 will be installed --> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved================================================================================Package Arch Version RepositorySize ================================================================================ Installing:java-1.7.0-openjdk-devel x86_64 1:1.7.0.71-2.5.3.1.el7_0 updates 9.2 M Installing for dependencies:alsa-lib x86_64 1.0.27.2-3.el7 base 389 k. . .144 kxorg-x11-font-utils x86_64 1:7.5-18.1.el7 base 87 kxorg-x11-fonts-Type1 noarch 7.5-9.el7 base 521 kTransaction Summary ================================================================================ Install 1 Package (+73 Dependent packages)Total download size: 49 M Installed size: 181 M Downloading packages: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 1.7 MB/s | 49 MB 00:29 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transactionInstalling : freetype-2.4.11-9.el7.x86_64 1/74 Installing : libjpeg-turbo-1.2.90-5.el7.x86_64 2/74 . . .73/74 Installing : 1:java-1.7.0-openjdk-devel-1.7.0.71-2.5.3.1.el7_0.x86_64 74/74 Verifying : libsndfile-1.0.25-9.el7.x86_64 1/74 Verifying : libXfont-1.4.7-2.el7_0.x86_64 2/74 Verifying : kmod-14-9.el7.x86_64 . . .73/74 Verifying : gdk-pixbuf2-2.28.2-4.el7.x86_64 74/74 Installed:java-1.7.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 1:1.7.0.71-2.5.3.1.el7_0 Dependency Installed:alsa-lib.x86_64 0:1.0.27.2-3.el7 atk.x86_64 0:2.8.0-4.el7 . . .xorg-x11-font-utils.x86_64 1:7.5-18.1.el7 xorg-x11-fonts-Type1.noarch 0:7.5-9.el7 Complete! Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Cleaning repos: base extras updates Cleaning up everything Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors---> 44c4bb92fa11 Removing intermediate container 4efb3e17eb38 Step 9 : USER jboss---> Running in 824d62c49182---> 930cb2a860f7 Removing intermediate container 824d62c49182 Step 10 : ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/lib/jvm/java---> Running in f19681365fe5---> fff2c21b0a71 Removing intermediate container f19681365fe5 Step 11 : ENV WILDFLY_VERSION 8.2.0.Final---> Running in cc9d42ece5c1---> b7b7ca7a9172 Removing intermediate container cc9d42ece5c1 Step 12 : RUN cd $HOME && curl -O http://download.jboss.org/wildfly/$WILDFLY_VERSION/wildfly-$WILDFLY_VERSION.zip && unzip wildfly-$WILDFLY_VERSION.zip && mv $HOME/wildfly-$WILDFLY_VERSION $HOME/wildfly && rm wildfly-$WILDFLY_VERSION.zip---> Running in 28e92a1b304f% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time CurrentDload Upload Total Spent Left Speed 100 126M 100 126M 0 0 813k 0 0:02:38 0:02:38 --:--:-- 644k Archive: wildfly-8.2.0.Final.zipcreating: wildfly-8.2.0.Final/creating: wildfly-8.2.0.Final/.installation/creating: wildfly-8.2.0.Final/appclient/creating: wildfly-8.2.0.Final/appclient/configuration/creating: wildfly-8.2.0.Final/bin/. . .inflating: wildfly-8.2.0.Final/domain/configuration/application-users.properties inflating: wildfly-8.2.0.Final/domain/configuration/mgmt-users.properties inflating: wildfly-8.2.0.Final/standalone/configuration/application-users.properties inflating: wildfly-8.2.0.Final/standalone/configuration/mgmt-users.properties creating: wildfly-8.2.0.Final/domain/tmp/auth/creating: wildfly-8.2.0.Final/standalone/tmp/auth/---> a1bc79a43c77 Removing intermediate container 28e92a1b304f Step 13 : ENV JBOSS_HOME /opt/jboss/wildfly---> Running in e3c995170046---> d46fdd618d55 Removing intermediate container e3c995170046 Step 14 : EXPOSE 8080 9990---> Running in d55d6a6f43cf---> 6c17e2cefecf Removing intermediate container d55d6a6f43cf Step 15 : CMD /opt/jboss/wildfly/bin/standalone.sh -b 0.0.0.0---> Running in 76e2630d16f5---> 97c8780a7d6a Removing intermediate container 76e2630d16f5 Successfully built 97c8780a7d6a

現在可以將Docker映像列表視為：

wildfly-centos> docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE wildfly-centos latest 97c8780a7d6a 58 seconds ago 619.6 MB centos latest ae0c2d0bdc10 2 weeks ago 224 MB

總圖像大小為619.6 MB。 可以如下所示安裝正式的WildFly Docker映像：

wildfly-centos> docker pull jboss/wildfly Pulling repository jboss/wildfly 365390553f92: Download complete 511136ea3c5a: Download complete 782cf93a8f16: Download complete 7d3f07f8de5f: Download complete 1ef0a50fe8b1: Download complete 20a1abe1d9bf: Download complete cd5bb934bb67: Download complete 379edb00ab07: Download complete 4d37cbbfc67d: Download complete 2ea8562cac7c: Download complete 7759146eab1a: Download complete b17a20d6f5f8: Download complete e02bdb6c4ed5: Download complete 72d585299bb5: Download complete 90832e1f0bb9: Download complete 59ec65b61fba: Download complete 57ada25ecdd0: Download complete 184d6d02f340: Download complete d7fccab36b8f: Download complete Status: Downloaded newer image for jboss/wildfly:latest

Docker映像的完整列表可以再次視為：

wildfly-centos> docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE wildfly-centos latest 97c8780a7d6a 12 minutes ago 619.6 MB centos latest ae0c2d0bdc10 2 weeks ago 224 MB jboss/wildfly latest 365390553f92 4 weeks ago 948.7 MB

在這種情況下，圖像大小為948.7 MB。 在此博客的前面已經解釋了如何創建此圖像的詳細信息。

可以如下所示構建和安裝基于Ubuntu的WildFly映像。 請注意，此命令是從github.com/arun-gupta/docker-images/的“ wildfly-ubuntu”目錄中給出的 。 因此，Dockerfile位于github.com/arun-gupta/docker-images/blob/master/wildfly-ubuntu/Dockerfile 。

wildfly-ubuntu> docker build -t wildfly-ubuntu . Sending build context to Docker daemon 4.096 kB Sending build context to Docker daemon Step 0 : FROM ubuntu ubuntu:latest: The image you are pulling has been verified d497ad3926c8: Pull complete ccb62158e970: Pull complete e791be0477f2: Pull complete 3680052c0f5c: Pull complete 22093c35d77b: Pull complete 5506de2b643b: Pull complete 511136ea3c5a: Already exists Status: Downloaded newer image for ubuntu:latest---> 5506de2b643b Step 1 : MAINTAINER Arun Gupta ---> Running in cc444b436b26---> 9df66d33d676 Removing intermediate container cc444b436b26 Step 2 : RUN apt-get update---> Running in 3dc63c0f708a Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty InRelease Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates InRelease Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security InRelease Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-proposed InRelease Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty Release.gpg [933 B] Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates Release.gpg [933 B] Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security Release.gpg [933 B] Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-proposed Release.gpg [933 B] Get:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty Release [58.5 kB] Get:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates Release [62.0 kB] Get:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security Release [62.0 kB] Get:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-proposed Release [209 kB] Get:9 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/main Sources [1335 kB] Get:10 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/restricted Sources [5335 B] Get:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/universe Sources [7926 kB] Get:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/main amd64 Packages [1743 kB] Get:13 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/restricted amd64 Packages [16.0 kB] Get:14 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty/universe amd64 Packages [7589 kB] Get:15 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/main Sources [179 kB] Get:16 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/restricted Sources [1250 B] Get:17 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/universe Sources [114 kB] Get:18 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/main amd64 Packages [465 kB] Get:19 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/restricted amd64 Packages [6341 B] Get:20 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates/universe amd64 Packages [286 kB] Get:21 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security/main Sources [62.7 kB] Get:22 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security/restricted Sources [40 B] Get:23 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security/universe Sources [19.1 kB] Get:24 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security/main amd64 Packages [205 kB] Get:25 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security/restricted amd64 Packages [40 B] Get:26 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-security/universe amd64 Packages [93.4 kB] Get:27 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-proposed/main amd64 Packages [193 kB] Get:28 http://archive.ubuntu.com trusty-proposed/restricted amd64 Packages [40 B] Fetched 20.6 MB in 43s (469 kB/s) Reading package lists...---> 7fcaaf17b124 Removing intermediate container 3dc63c0f708a Step 3 : RUN apt-get -y install xmlstarlet bsdtar unzip curl---> Running in 81613b0e3b71 Reading package lists... Building dependency tree... Reading state information... The following extra packages will be installed:ca-certificates krb5-locales libarchive13 libasn1-8-heimdal libcurl3libgssapi-krb5-2 libgssapi3-heimdal libhcrypto4-heimdal libheimbase1-heimdal. . .Updating certificates in /etc/ssl/certs... 164 added, 0 removed; done. Running hooks in /etc/ca-certificates/update.d....done. Processing triggers for sgml-base (1.26+nmu4ubuntu1) ...---> 0d897d545547 Removing intermediate container 81613b0e3b71 Step 4 : RUN groupadd -r jboss -g 1000 && useradd -u 1000 -r -g jboss -m -d /opt/jboss -s /sbin/nologin -c "JBoss user" jboss---> Running in bf31e0e1f448---> 7494e71043c0 Removing intermediate container bf31e0e1f448 Step 5 : WORKDIR /opt/jboss---> Running in 1ac355c74395---> abbbb6aa6b71 Removing intermediate container 1ac355c74395 Step 6 : USER jboss---> Running in a656007f6e6b---> 657671b82d0f Removing intermediate container a656007f6e6b Step 7 : USER root---> Running in f53138927d04---> d3bd53152a51 Removing intermediate container f53138927d04 Step 8 : RUN apt-get -y install openjdk-7-jdk---> Running in 1076b257c6f6 Reading package lists... Building dependency tree... Reading state information... The following extra packages will be installed:acl at-spi2-core ca-certificates ca-certificates-java colord cpp cpp-4.8dbus dbus-x11 dconf-gsettings-backend dconf-service desktop-file-utils. . .Adding debian:Wells_Fargo_Root_CA.pem Adding debian:XRamp_Global_CA_Root.pem Adding debian:certSIGN_ROOT_CA.pem Adding debian:ePKI_Root_Certification_Authority.pem Adding debian:thawte_Primary_Root_CA.pem Adding debian:thawte_Primary_Root_CA_-_G2.pem Adding debian:thawte_Primary_Root_CA_-_G3.pem Adding debian:spi-cacert-2008.pem done. done.---> 558f23c93a8c Removing intermediate container 1076b257c6f6 Step 9 : USER jboss---> Running in 9d6955bcd19f---> 7f16c426ccaf Removing intermediate container 9d6955bcd19f Step 10 : ENV JAVA_HOME /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64---> Running in 66f22bd0de95---> 6304f386c946 Removing intermediate container 66f22bd0de95 Step 11 : ENV WILDFLY_VERSION 8.2.0.Final---> Running in 784e1533fa09---> 1a5e1aeadc85 Removing intermediate container 784e1533fa09 Step 12 : RUN cd $HOME && curl -O http://download.jboss.org/wildfly/$WILDFLY_VERSION/wildfly-$WILDFLY_VERSION.zip && unzip wildfly-$WILDFLY_VERSION.zip && mv $HOME/wildfly-$WILDFLY_VERSION $HOME/wildfly && rm wildfly-$WILDFLY_VERSION.zip---> Running in c7d808526af6% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time CurrentDload Upload Total Spent Left Speed 100 126M 100 126M 0 0 993k 0 0:02:09 0:02:09 --:--:-- 870k Archive: wildfly-8.2.0.Final.zipcreating: wildfly-8.2.0.Final/. . .inflating: wildfly-8.2.0.Final/standalone/configuration/mgmt-users.properties creating: wildfly-8.2.0.Final/domain/tmp/auth/creating: wildfly-8.2.0.Final/standalone/tmp/auth/---> 551e8b1db275 Removing intermediate container c7d808526af6 Step 13 : ENV JBOSS_HOME /opt/jboss/wildfly---> Running in 7709c6f468ef---> 0cec4b9ccd6b Removing intermediate container 7709c6f468ef Step 14 : EXPOSE 8080 9990---> Running in dd053271b09e---> 0281986b0ed8 Removing intermediate container dd053271b09e Step 15 : CMD /opt/jboss/wildfly/bin/standalone.sh -b 0.0.0.0---> Running in fb29091de599---> 6a1c4acf3f78 Removing intermediate container fb29091de599 Successfully built 6a1c4acf3f78

Docker映像列表可以再次視為：

wildfly-ubuntu> docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE wildfly-ubuntu latest 6a1c4acf3f78 5 minutes ago 749.5 MB <none> <none> 1a5e1aeadc85 13 minutes ago 607.7 MB wildfly-centos latest 97c8780a7d6a About an hour ago 619.6 MB centos latest ae0c2d0bdc10 2 weeks ago 224 MB jboss/wildfly latest 365390553f92 4 weeks ago 948.7 MB ubuntu latest 5506de2b643b 4 weeks ago 199.3 MB

Docker映像可以使用docker run命令docker run 。 其他一些相關的命令是：

• docker ps ：列出容器
• docker stop <id> ：使用給定的<id>停止容器

運行CentOS映像，如下所示。 指定-i選項將使其具有交互性，而-t選項將分配偽TTY。 并且可以在容器的端口80上訪問來自容器的端口8080。

~> docker run -i -t -p 80:8080 wildfly-centos =========================================================================JBoss Bootstrap EnvironmentJBOSS_HOME: /opt/jboss/wildflyJAVA: /usr/lib/jvm/java/bin/javaJAVA_OPTS: -server -Xms64m -Xmx512m -XX:MaxPermSize=256m -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -Djboss.modules.system.pkgs=org.jboss.byteman -Djava.awt.headless=true=========================================================================22:20:52,769 INFO [org.jboss.modules] (main) JBoss Modules version 1.3.3.Final 22:20:53,038 INFO [org.jboss.msc] (main) JBoss MSC version 1.2.2.Final 22:20:53,120 INFO [org.jboss.as] (MSC service thread 1-7) JBAS015899: WildFly 8.2.0.Final "Tweek" starting 22:20:54,176 INFO [org.jboss.as.server] (Controller Boot Thread) JBAS015888: Creating http management service using socket-binding (management-http) 22:20:54,197 INFO [org.xnio] (MSC service thread 1-10) XNIO version 3.3.0.Final 22:20:54,206 INFO [org.xnio.nio] (MSC service thread 1-10) XNIO NIO Implementation Version 3.3.0.Final 22:20:54,239 INFO [org.wildfly.extension.io] (ServerService Thread Pool -- 31) WFLYIO001: Worker 'default' has auto-configured to 16 core threads with 128 task threads based on your 8 available processors 22:20:54,265 INFO [org.jboss.as.clustering.infinispan] (ServerService Thread Pool -- 32) JBAS010280: Activating Infinispan subsystem. 22:20:54,302 INFO [org.jboss.as.security] (ServerService Thread Pool -- 45) JBAS013171: Activating Security Subsystem 22:20:54,314 WARN [org.jboss.as.txn] (ServerService Thread Pool -- 46) JBAS010153: Node identifier property is set to the default value. Please make sure it is unique. 22:20:54,345 INFO [org.jboss.as.jsf] (ServerService Thread Pool -- 38) JBAS012615: Activated the following JSF Implementations: [main] 22:20:54,363 INFO [org.jboss.as.naming] (ServerService Thread Pool -- 40) JBAS011800: Activating Naming Subsystem 22:20:54,374 INFO [org.jboss.as.security] (MSC service thread 1-8) JBAS013170: Current PicketBox version=4.0.21.Final 22:20:54,419 INFO [org.jboss.as.webservices] (ServerService Thread Pool -- 48) JBAS015537: Activating WebServices Extension 22:20:54,486 INFO [org.jboss.as.connector.logging] (MSC service thread 1-7) JBAS010408: Starting JCA Subsystem (IronJacamar 1.1.9.Final) 22:20:54,573 INFO [org.wildfly.extension.undertow] (MSC service thread 1-7) JBAS017502: Undertow 1.1.0.Final starting 22:20:54,579 INFO [org.wildfly.extension.undertow] (ServerService Thread Pool -- 47) JBAS017502: Undertow 1.1.0.Final starting 22:20:54,586 INFO [org.jboss.as.connector.subsystems.datasources] (ServerService Thread Pool -- 27) JBAS010403: Deploying JDBC-compliant driver class org.h2.Driver (version 1.3) 22:20:54,644 INFO [org.jboss.remoting] (MSC service thread 1-10) JBoss Remoting version 4.0.6.Final 22:20:54,658 INFO [org.jboss.as.connector.deployers.jdbc] (MSC service thread 1-1) JBAS010417: Started Driver service with driver-name = h2 22:20:54,763 INFO [org.jboss.as.naming] (MSC service thread 1-1) JBAS011802: Starting Naming Service 22:20:54,761 INFO [org.jboss.as.mail.extension] (MSC service thread 1-16) JBAS015400: Bound mail session 22:20:56,387 INFO [org.wildfly.extension.undertow] (ServerService Thread Pool -- 47) JBAS017527: Creating file handler for path /opt/jboss/wildfly/welcome-content 22:20:56,422 INFO [org.wildfly.extension.undertow] (MSC service thread 1-10) JBAS017525: Started server default-server. 22:20:56,544 INFO [org.wildfly.extension.undertow] (MSC service thread 1-2) JBAS017531: Host default-host starting 22:20:56,712 INFO [org.wildfly.extension.undertow] (MSC service thread 1-10) JBAS017519: Undertow HTTP listener default listening on /0.0.0.0:8080 22:20:56,975 INFO [org.jboss.as.connector.subsystems.datasources] (MSC service thread 1-14) JBAS010400: Bound data source 22:20:56,976 INFO [org.jboss.as.server.deployment.scanner] (MSC service thread 1-15) JBAS015012: Started FileSystemDeploymentService for directory /opt/jboss/wildfly/standalone/deployments 22:20:57,172 INFO [org.jboss.ws.common.management] (MSC service thread 1-10) JBWS022052: Starting JBoss Web Services - Stack CXF Server 4.3.2.Final 22:20:57,239 INFO [org.jboss.as] (Controller Boot Thread) JBAS015961: Http management interface listening on http://127.0.0.1:9990/management 22:20:57,240 INFO [org.jboss.as] (Controller Boot Thread) JBAS015951: Admin console listening on http://127.0.0.1:9990 22:20:57,241 INFO [org.jboss.as] (Controller Boot Thread) JBAS015874: WildFly 8.2.0.Final "Tweek" started in 4836ms - Started 184 of 234 services (82 services are lazy, passive or on-demand)

在另一個外殼中，獲取容器的IP地址為：

~> boot2docker ipThe VM's Host only interface IP address is: 192.168.59.103

然后通過http://192.168.59.103訪問WildFly。

同樣，運行WildFly Ubuntu映像顯示：

wildfly-ubuntu> docker run -i -t -p 80:8080 wildfly-ubuntu =========================================================================JBoss Bootstrap EnvironmentJBOSS_HOME: /opt/jboss/wildflyJAVA: /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/bin/javaJAVA_OPTS: -server -Xms64m -Xmx512m -XX:MaxPermSize=256m -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true -Djboss.modules.system.pkgs=org.jboss.byteman -Djava.awt.headless=true=========================================================================22:34:07,612 INFO [org.jboss.modules] (main) JBoss Modules version 1.3.3.Final 22:34:07,911 INFO [org.jboss.msc] (main) JBoss MSC version 1.2.2.Final 22:34:07,996 INFO [org.jboss.as] (MSC service thread 1-7) JBAS015899: WildFly 8.2.0.Final "Tweek" starting 22:34:09,076 INFO [org.jboss.as.server] (Controller Boot Thread) JBAS015888: Creating http management service using socket-binding (management-http) 22:34:09,097 INFO [org.xnio] (MSC service thread 1-9) XNIO version 3.3.0.Final 22:34:09,106 INFO [org.xnio.nio] (MSC service thread 1-9) XNIO NIO Implementation Version 3.3.0.Final 22:34:09,136 INFO [org.jboss.as.clustering.infinispan] (ServerService Thread Pool -- 32) JBAS010280: Activating Infinispan subsystem. 22:34:09,170 INFO [org.jboss.as.security] (ServerService Thread Pool -- 45) JBAS013171: Activating Security Subsystem 22:34:09,180 WARN [org.jboss.as.txn] (ServerService Thread Pool -- 46) JBAS010153: Node identifier property is set to the default value. Please make sure it is unique. 22:34:09,191 INFO [org.jboss.as.jsf] (ServerService Thread Pool -- 38) JBAS012615: Activated the following JSF Implementations: [main] 22:34:09,207 INFO [org.jboss.as.naming] (ServerService Thread Pool -- 40) JBAS011800: Activating Naming Subsystem 22:34:09,212 INFO [org.jboss.as.security] (MSC service thread 1-2) JBAS013170: Current PicketBox version=4.0.21.Final 22:34:09,230 INFO [org.jboss.as.webservices] (ServerService Thread Pool -- 48) JBAS015537: Activating WebServices Extension 22:34:09,317 INFO [org.wildfly.extension.undertow] (MSC service thread 1-6) JBAS017502: Undertow 1.1.0.Final starting 22:34:09,317 INFO [org.wildfly.extension.undertow] (ServerService Thread Pool -- 47) JBAS017502: Undertow 1.1.0.Final starting 22:34:09,323 INFO [org.wildfly.extension.io] (ServerService Thread Pool -- 31) WFLYIO001: Worker 'default' has auto-configured to 16 core threads with 128 task threads based on your 8 available processors 22:34:09,413 INFO [org.jboss.as.connector.logging] (MSC service thread 1-15) JBAS010408: Starting JCA Subsystem (IronJacamar 1.1.9.Final) 22:34:09,617 INFO [org.jboss.as.connector.subsystems.datasources] (ServerService Thread Pool -- 27) JBAS010403: Deploying JDBC-compliant driver class org.h2.Driver (version 1.3) 22:34:09,658 INFO [org.jboss.as.naming] (MSC service thread 1-10) JBAS011802: Starting Naming Service 22:34:09,674 INFO [org.jboss.as.mail.extension] (MSC service thread 1-1) JBAS015400: Bound mail session 22:34:09,692 INFO [org.jboss.as.connector.deployers.jdbc] (MSC service thread 1-12) JBAS010417: Started Driver service with driver-name = h2 22:34:09,693 INFO [org.jboss.remoting] (MSC service thread 1-9) JBoss Remoting version 4.0.6.Final 22:34:11,117 INFO [org.wildfly.extension.undertow] (ServerService Thread Pool -- 47) JBAS017527: Creating file handler for path /opt/jboss/wildfly/welcome-content 22:34:11,134 INFO [org.wildfly.extension.undertow] (MSC service thread 1-5) JBAS017525: Started server default-server. 22:34:11,206 INFO [org.wildfly.extension.undertow] (MSC service thread 1-14) JBAS017531: Host default-host starting 22:34:11,377 INFO [org.wildfly.extension.undertow] (MSC service thread 1-5) JBAS017519: Undertow HTTP listener default listening on /0.0.0.0:8080 22:34:11,576 INFO [org.jboss.as.server.deployment.scanner] (MSC service thread 1-2) JBAS015012: Started FileSystemDeploymentService for directory /opt/jboss/wildfly/standalone/deployments 22:34:11,627 INFO [org.jboss.as.connector.subsystems.datasources] (MSC service thread 1-8) JBAS010400: Bound data source 22:34:11,847 INFO [org.jboss.ws.common.management] (MSC service thread 1-6) JBWS022052: Starting JBoss Web Services - Stack CXF Server 4.3.2.Final 22:34:11,911 INFO [org.jboss.as] (Controller Boot Thread) JBAS015961: Http management interface listening on http://127.0.0.1:9990/management 22:34:11,912 INFO [org.jboss.as] (Controller Boot Thread) JBAS015951: Admin console listening on http://127.0.0.1:9990 22:34:11,912 INFO [org.jboss.as] (Controller Boot Thread) JBAS015874: WildFly 8.2.0.Final "Tweek" started in 4762ms - Started 184 of 234 services (82 services are lazy, passive or on-demand)

您可以如下所示登錄到主機VM：

boot2docker ssh

映像的不同層存儲在/var/lib/docker目錄中，如下所示：

docker-images> boot2docker ssh## .## ## ## ==## ## ## ## ===/""""""""""""""""\___/ ===~~~ {~~ ~~~~ ~~~ ~~~~ ~~ ~ / ===- ~~~\______ o __/\ \ __/\____\______/_ _ ____ _ _ | |__ ___ ___ | |_|___ \ __| | ___ ___| | _____ _ __ | '_ \ / _ \ / _ \| __| __) / _` |/ _ \ / __| |/ / _ \ '__| | |_) | (_) | (_) | |_ / __/ (_| | (_) | (__| < __/ | |_.__/ \___/ \___/ \__|_____\__,_|\___/ \___|_|\_\___|_| Boot2Docker version 1.3.2, build master : 495c19a - Mon Nov 24 20:40:58 UTC 2014 Docker version 1.3.2, build 39fa2fa docker@boot2docker:~$ cd /var/lib/docker/ docker@boot2docker:/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker$ ls -la total 64 drwxr-xr-x 10 root root 4096 Nov 24 23:33 ./ drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Nov 24 19:15 ../ drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Nov 24 19:16 aufs/ drwx------ 17 root root 4096 Nov 24 23:33 containers/ drwx------ 3 root root 4096 Nov 24 19:16 execdriver/ drwx------ 84 root root 12288 Nov 24 23:28 graph/ drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Nov 25 14:50 init/ -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11264 Nov 24 23:33 linkgraph.db -rw------- 1 root root 565 Nov 24 23:28 repositories-aufs drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Nov 24 23:28 tmp/ drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Nov 24 19:21 trust/ drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Nov 24 19:16 volumes/

Mac OSX上的VM映像存儲在~/VirtualBox VMs/boot2docker-vm目錄中。 如果不刪除中間容器，此目錄可以快速增長。 對于這些不同的映像，我機器上的boot2docker-vm.vmdk約為5GB。

您可以通過運行以下命令來重置它（警告：這將破壞您到目前為止下載并構建的所有圖像）：

boot2docker down boot2docker destroy boot2docker init boot2docker up

可以想象，容器具有存儲空間。

后續博客中將出現更多Docker優點！

翻譯自: https://www.javacodegeeks.com/2014/12/create-your-own-docker-image-tech-tip-57.html

總結

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