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Thrift入门及Java实例演示

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來源：http://www.micmiu.com/soa/rpc/thrift-sample/

Thrift入門及Java實例演示

作者: Michael日期: 2012 年 6 月 14 日發表評論 (12)查看評論

目錄：

概述
下載配置
基本概念
數據類型
服務端編碼基本步驟
客戶端編碼基本步驟
數據傳輸協議
實例演示（java）
?thrift生成代碼
?實現接口Iface
TSimpleServer服務模型
TThreadPoolServer 服務模型
TNonblockingServer 服務模型
THsHaServer服務模型
異步客戶端

[一]、概述

Thrift是一個軟件框架，用來進行可擴展且跨語言的服務的開發。它結合了功能強大的軟件堆棧和代碼生成引擎，以構建在 C++, Java, Python, PHP, Ruby, Erlang, Perl, Haskell, C#, Cocoa, JavaScript, Node.js, Smalltalk, and OCaml 等等編程語言間無縫結合的、高效的服務。

Thrift最初由facebook開發，07年四月開放源碼，08年5月進入apache孵化器。thrift允許你定義一個簡單的定義文件中的數據類型和服務接口。以作為輸入文件，編譯器生成代碼用來方便地生成RPC客戶端和服務器通信的無縫跨編程語言。

官網地址：thrift.apache.org

推薦值得一看的文章：

http://jnb.ociweb.com/jnb/jnbJun2009.html
http://wiki.apache.org/thrift
http://thrift.apache.org/static/files/thrift-20070401.pdf

[二]、下載配置

到官網下載最新版本，截止今日（2012-06-11）最新版本為0.8.0.

1. 如果是Maven構建項目的，直接在pom.xml 中添加如下內容：

查看源代碼打印幫助

1	<dependency>

2	??<groupId>org.apache.thrift</groupId>

3	??<artifactId>libthrift</artifactId>

4	??<version>0.8.0</version>

5	</dependency>

2.如果自己編譯lib包，把下載的壓縮包解壓到X:盤，然后在X:\thrift-0.8.0\lib\java 目錄下運行ant進行自動編譯，會在X:\thrift-0.8.0\lib\java\build\ 目錄下看到編譯好的lib包：libthrift-0.8.0.jar

[三]、基本概念

1.數據類型

基本類型：
- bool：布爾值，true 或 false，對應 Java 的 boolean
- byte：8 位有符號整數，對應 Java 的 byte
- i16：16 位有符號整數，對應 Java 的 short
- i32：32 位有符號整數，對應 Java 的 int
- i64：64 位有符號整數，對應 Java 的 long
- double：64 位浮點數，對應 Java 的 double
- string：utf-8編碼的字符串，對應 Java 的 String
結構體類型：
- struct：定義公共的對象，類似于 C 語言中的結構體定義，在 Java 中是一個 JavaBean
容器類型：
- list：對應 Java 的 ArrayList
- set：對應 Java 的 HashSet
- map：對應 Java 的 HashMap
異常類型：
- exception：對應 Java 的 Exception
服務類型：
- service：對應服務的類

2.服務端編碼基本步驟：

實現服務處理接口impl
創建TProcessor
創建TServerTransport
創建TProtocol
創建TServer
啟動Server

3.客戶端編碼基本步驟：

創建Transport
創建TProtocol
基于TTransport和TProtocol創建 Client
調用Client的相應方法

4.數據傳輸協議

TBinaryProtocol : 二進制格式.
TCompactProtocol : 壓縮格式
TJSONProtocol : JSON格式
TSimpleJSONProtocol : 提供JSON只寫協議, 生成的文件很容易通過腳本語言解析

tips:客戶端和服務端的協議要一致

[四]、實例演示

1.?thrift生成代碼

創建Thrift文件：G:\test\thrift\demoHello.thrift ,內容如下：

查看源代碼打印幫助

1	namespace java com.micmiu.thrift.demo

3	service? HelloWorldService {

4	??string sayHello(1:string username)

}

目錄結構如下：

G:\test\thrift>tree /F 卷 other 的文件夾 PATH 列表卷序列號為 D238-BE47 G:.demoHello.thriftdemouser.thriftthrift-0.8.0.exe沒有子文件夾

thrift-0.8.0.exe 是官網提供的windows下編譯工具，運用這個工具生成相關代碼：

查看源代碼打印幫助

1	thrift-0.8.0.exe -r -gen java ./demoHello.thrift

生成后的目錄結構如下：

G:\test\thrift>tree /F 卷 other 的文件夾 PATH 列表卷序列號為 D238-BE47 G:. │ demoHello.thrift │ demouser.thrift │ thrift-0.8.0.exe │ └─gen-java└─com└─micmiu└─thrift└─demoHelloWorldService.java

將生成的HelloWorldService.java 文件copy到自己測試的工程中，我的工程是用maven構建的，故在pom.xml中增加如下內容：

查看源代碼打印幫助

1	<dependency>

2	????<groupId>org.apache.thrift</groupId>

3	????<artifactId>libthrift</artifactId>

4	????<version>0.8.0</version>

5	</dependency>

6	<dependency>

7	????<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>

8	????<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>

9	????<version>1.5.8</version>

10	</dependency>

2. 實現接口Iface

java代碼：HelloWorldImpl.java

查看源代碼打印幫助

1	package com.micmiu.thrift.demo;

3	import org.apache.thrift.TException;

/**

6	?* blog http://www.micmiu.com

8	?* @author Michael

?*/

11	public class HelloWorldImpl implements HelloWorldService.Iface {

13	????public HelloWorldImpl() {

????}

16	????@Override

17	????public String sayHello(String username) throws TException {

18	????????return "Hi," + username + " welcome to my blog www.micmiu.com";

????}

}

3.TSimpleServer服務端

簡單的單線程服務模型，一般用于測試。

編寫服務端server代碼：HelloServerDemo.java

查看源代碼打印幫助

1	package com.micmiu.thrift.demo;

3	import org.apache.thrift.TProcessor;

4	import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TBinaryProtocol;

5	import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TCompactProtocol;

6	import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TJSONProtocol;

7	import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TSimpleJSONProtocol;

8	import org.apache.thrift.server.TServer;

9	import org.apache.thrift.server.TSimpleServer;

10	import org.apache.thrift.transport.TServerSocket;

/**

13	?* blog http://www.micmiu.com

15	?* @author Michael

?*/

18	public class HelloServerDemo {

19	????public static final int SERVER_PORT = 8090;

21	????public void startServer() {

22	????????try {

23	????????????System.out.println("HelloWorld TSimpleServer start ....");

25	????????????TProcessor tprocessor = new HelloWorldService.Processor<HelloWorldService.Iface>(

26	????????????????????new HelloWorldImpl());

27	????????????// HelloWorldService.Processor<HelloWorldService.Iface> tprocessor =

28	????????????// new HelloWorldService.Processor<HelloWorldService.Iface>(

29	????????????// new HelloWorldImpl());

31	????????????// 簡單的單線程服務模型，一般用于測試

32	????????????TServerSocket serverTransport = new TServerSocket(SERVER_PORT);

33	????????????TServer.Args tArgs = new TServer.Args(serverTransport);

34	????????????tArgs.processor(tprocessor);

35	????????????tArgs.protocolFactory(new TBinaryProtocol.Factory());

36	????????????// tArgs.protocolFactory(new TCompactProtocol.Factory());

37	????????????// tArgs.protocolFactory(new TJSONProtocol.Factory());

38	????????????TServer server = new TSimpleServer(tArgs);

39	????????????server.serve();

41	????????} catch (Exception e) {

42	????????????System.out.println("Server start error!!!");

43	????????????e.printStackTrace();

????????}

????}

????/**

48	?????* @param args

?????*/

50	????public static void main(String[] args) {

51	????????HelloServerDemo server = new HelloServerDemo();

52	????????server.startServer();

????}

}

編寫客戶端Client代碼：HelloClientDemo.java

查看源代碼打印幫助

1	package com.micmiu.thrift.demo;

3	import org.apache.thrift.TException;

4	import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TBinaryProtocol;

5	import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TCompactProtocol;

6	import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TJSONProtocol;

7	import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TProtocol;

8	import org.apache.thrift.transport.TSocket;

9	import org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransport;

10	import org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransportException;

/**

13	?* blog http://www.micmiu.com

15	?* @author Michael

?*/

18	public class HelloClientDemo {

20	????public static final String SERVER_IP = "localhost";

21	????public static final int SERVER_PORT = 8090;

22	????public static final int TIMEOUT = 30000;

????/**

?????*

26	?????* @param userName

?????*/

28	????public void startClient(String userName) {

29	????????TTransport transport = null;

30	????????try {

31	????????????transport = new TSocket(SERVER_IP, SERVER_PORT, TIMEOUT);

32	????????????// 協議要和服務端一致

33	????????????TProtocol protocol = new TBinaryProtocol(transport);

34	????????????// TProtocol protocol = new TCompactProtocol(transport);

35	????????????// TProtocol protocol = new TJSONProtocol(transport);

36	????????????HelloWorldService.Client client = new HelloWorldService.Client(

37	????????????????????protocol);

38	????????????transport.open();

39	????????????String result = client.sayHello(userName);

40	????????????System.out.println("Thrify client result =: " + result);

41	????????} catch (TTransportException e) {

42	????????????e.printStackTrace();

43	????????} catch (TException e) {

44	????????????e.printStackTrace();

45	????????} finally {

46	????????????if (null != transport) {

47	????????????????transport.close();

48	????????????}

????????}

????}

????/**

53	?????* @param args

?????*/

55	????public static void main(String[] args) {

56	????????HelloClientDemo client = new HelloClientDemo();

57	????????client.startClient("Michael");

????}

}

先運行服務端程序，日志如下：

HelloWorld TSimpleServer start ....

再運行客戶端調用程序，日志如下：

Thrify client result =: Hi,Michael welcome to my blog www.micmiu.com

測試成功，和預期的返回信息一致。

4.TThreadPoolServer?服務模型

線程池服務模型，使用標準的阻塞式IO，預先創建一組線程處理請求。

編寫服務端代碼：HelloServerDemo.java

查看源代碼打印幫助

1	package com.micmiu.thrift.demo;

3	import org.apache.thrift.TProcessor;

4	import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TBinaryProtocol;

5	import org.apache.thrift.server.TServer;

6	import org.apache.thrift.server.TThreadPoolServer;

7	import org.apache.thrift.transport.TServerSocket;

/**

10	?* blog http://www.micmiu.com

12	?* @author Michael

?*/

15	public class HelloServerDemo {

16	????public static final int SERVER_PORT = 8090;

18	????public void startServer() {

19	????????try {

20	????????????System.out.println("HelloWorld TThreadPoolServer start ....");

22	????????????TProcessor tprocessor = new HelloWorldService.Processor<HelloWorldService.Iface>(

23	????????????????????new HelloWorldImpl());

25	?????????????TServerSocket serverTransport = new TServerSocket(SERVER_PORT);

26	?????????????TThreadPoolServer.Args ttpsArgs = new TThreadPoolServer.Args(

27	?????????????serverTransport);

28	?????????????ttpsArgs.processor(tprocessor);

29	?????????????ttpsArgs.protocolFactory(new TBinaryProtocol.Factory());

31	????????????// 線程池服務模型，使用標準的阻塞式IO，預先創建一組線程處理請求。

32	?????????????TServer server = new TThreadPoolServer(ttpsArgs);

33	?????????????server.serve();

35	????????} catch (Exception e) {

36	????????????System.out.println("Server start error!!!");

37	????????????e.printStackTrace();

????????}

????}

????/**

42	?????* @param args

?????*/

44	????public static void main(String[] args) {

45	????????HelloServerDemo server = new HelloServerDemo();

46	????????server.startServer();

????}

}

客戶端Client代碼和之前的一樣，只要數據傳輸的協議一致即可，客戶端測試成功，結果如下：

Thrify client result =: Hi,Michael welcome to my blog www.micmiu.com

5.TNonblockingServer 服務模型

使用非阻塞式IO，服務端和客戶端需要指定 TFramedTransport 數據傳輸的方式。

編寫服務端代碼：HelloServerDemo.java

查看源代碼打印幫助

1	package com.micmiu.thrift.demo;

3	import org.apache.thrift.TProcessor;

4	import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TCompactProtocol;

5	import org.apache.thrift.server.TNonblockingServer;

6	import org.apache.thrift.server.TServer;

7	import org.apache.thrift.transport.TFramedTransport;

8	import org.apache.thrift.transport.TNonblockingServerSocket;

/**

11	?* blog http://www.micmiu.com

13	?* @author Michael

?*/

16	public class HelloServerDemo {

17	????public static final int SERVER_PORT = 8090;

19	????public void startServer() {

20	????????try {

21	????????????System.out.println("HelloWorld TNonblockingServer start ....");

23	????????????TProcessor tprocessor = new HelloWorldService.Processor<HelloWorldService.Iface>(

24	????????????????????new HelloWorldImpl());

26	????????????TNonblockingServerSocket tnbSocketTransport = new TNonblockingServerSocket(

27	????????????????????SERVER_PORT);

28	????????????TNonblockingServer.Args tnbArgs = new TNonblockingServer.Args(

29	????????????????????tnbSocketTransport);

30	????????????tnbArgs.processor(tprocessor);

31	????????????tnbArgs.transportFactory(new TFramedTransport.Factory());

32	????????????tnbArgs.protocolFactory(new TCompactProtocol.Factory());

34	????????????// 使用非阻塞式IO，服務端和客戶端需要指定TFramedTransport數據傳輸的方式

35	????????????TServer server = new TNonblockingServer(tnbArgs);

36	????????????server.serve();

38	????????} catch (Exception e) {

39	????????????System.out.println("Server start error!!!");

40	????????????e.printStackTrace();

????????}

????}

????/**

45	?????* @param args

?????*/

47	????public static void main(String[] args) {

48	????????HelloServerDemo server = new HelloServerDemo();

49	????????server.startServer();

????}

}

編寫客戶端代碼：HelloClientDemo.java

查看源代碼打印幫助

1	package com.micmiu.thrift.demo;

3	import org.apache.thrift.TException;

4	import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TCompactProtocol;

5	import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TProtocol;

6	import org.apache.thrift.transport.TFramedTransport;

7	import org.apache.thrift.transport.TSocket;

8	import org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransport;

9	import org.apache.thrift.transport.TTransportException;

/**

12	?* blog http://www.micmiu.com

14	?* @author Michael

?*/

17	public class HelloClientDemo {

19	????public static final String SERVER_IP = "localhost";

20	????public static final int SERVER_PORT = 8090;

21	????public static final int TIMEOUT = 30000;

????/**

?????*

25	?????* @param userName

?????*/

27	????public void startClient(String userName) {

28	????????TTransport transport = null;

29	????????try {

30	????????????transport = new TFramedTransport(new TSocket(SERVER_IP,

31	????????????????????SERVER_PORT, TIMEOUT));

32	????????????// 協議要和服務端一致

33	????????????TProtocol protocol = new TCompactProtocol(transport);

34	????????????HelloWorldService.Client client = new HelloWorldService.Client(

35	????????????????????protocol);

36	????????????transport.open();

37	????????????String result = client.sayHello(userName);

38	????????????System.out.println("Thrify client result =: " + result);

39	????????} catch (TTransportException e) {

40	????????????e.printStackTrace();

41	????????} catch (TException e) {

42	????????????e.printStackTrace();

43	????????} finally {

44	????????????if (null != transport) {

45	????????????????transport.close();

46	????????????}

????????}

????}

????/**

51	?????* @param args

?????*/

53	????public static void main(String[] args) {

54	????????HelloClientDemo client = new HelloClientDemo();

55	????????client.startClient("Michael");

????}

}

客戶端的測試成功，結果如下：

Thrify client result =: Hi,Michael welcome to my blog www.micmiu.com

6.THsHaServer服務模型

半同步半異步的服務端模型，需要指定為： TFramedTransport 數據傳輸的方式。

編寫服務端代碼：HelloServerDemo.java

查看源代碼打印幫助

1	package com.micmiu.thrift.demo;

3	import org.apache.thrift.TProcessor;

4	import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TBinaryProtocol;

5	import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TCompactProtocol;

6	import org.apache.thrift.server.THsHaServer;

7	import org.apache.thrift.server.TNonblockingServer;

8	import org.apache.thrift.server.TServer;

9	import org.apache.thrift.server.TSimpleServer;

10	import org.apache.thrift.server.TThreadPoolServer;

11	import org.apache.thrift.transport.TFramedTransport;

12	import org.apache.thrift.transport.TNonblockingServerSocket;

13	import org.apache.thrift.transport.TServerSocket;

/**

16	?* blog http://www.micmiu.com

18	?* @author Michael

?*/

21	public class HelloServerDemo {

22	????public static final int SERVER_PORT = 8090;

24	????public void startServer() {

25	????????try {

26	????????????System.out.println("HelloWorld THsHaServer start ....");

28	????????????TProcessor tprocessor = new HelloWorldService.Processor<HelloWorldService.Iface>(

29	????????????????????new HelloWorldImpl());

31	????????????TNonblockingServerSocket tnbSocketTransport = new TNonblockingServerSocket(

32	????????????????????SERVER_PORT);

33	????????????THsHaServer.Args thhsArgs = new THsHaServer.Args(tnbSocketTransport);

34	????????????thhsArgs.processor(tprocessor);

35	????????????thhsArgs.transportFactory(new TFramedTransport.Factory());

36	????????????thhsArgs.protocolFactory(new TBinaryProtocol.Factory());

38	????????????//半同步半異步的服務模型

39	????????????TServer server = new THsHaServer(thhsArgs);

40	????????????server.serve();

42	????????} catch (Exception e) {

43	????????????System.out.println("Server start error!!!");

44	????????????e.printStackTrace();

????????}

????}

????/**

49	?????* @param args

?????*/

51	????public static void main(String[] args) {

52	????????HelloServerDemo server = new HelloServerDemo();

53	????????server.startServer();

????}

}

客戶端代碼和上面 4 中的類似，只要注意傳輸協議一致以及指定傳輸方式為TFramedTransport。

7.異步客戶端

編寫服務端代碼：HelloServerDemo.java

查看源代碼打印幫助

1	package com.micmiu.thrift.demo;

3	import org.apache.thrift.TProcessor;

4	import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TCompactProtocol;

5	import org.apache.thrift.server.TNonblockingServer;

6	import org.apache.thrift.server.TServer;

7	import org.apache.thrift.transport.TFramedTransport;

8	import org.apache.thrift.transport.TNonblockingServerSocket;

/**

11	?* blog http://www.micmiu.com

13	?* @author Michael

?*/

16	public class HelloServerDemo {

17	????public static final int SERVER_PORT = 8090;

19	????public void startServer() {

20	????????try {

21	????????????System.out.println("HelloWorld TNonblockingServer start ....");

23	????????????TProcessor tprocessor = new HelloWorldService.Processor<HelloWorldService.Iface>(

24	????????????????????new HelloWorldImpl());

26	????????????TNonblockingServerSocket tnbSocketTransport = new TNonblockingServerSocket(

27	????????????????????SERVER_PORT);

28	????????????TNonblockingServer.Args tnbArgs = new TNonblockingServer.Args(

29	????????????????????tnbSocketTransport);

30	????????????tnbArgs.processor(tprocessor);

31	????????????tnbArgs.transportFactory(new TFramedTransport.Factory());

32	????????????tnbArgs.protocolFactory(new TCompactProtocol.Factory());

34	????????????// 使用非阻塞式IO，服務端和客戶端需要指定TFramedTransport數據傳輸的方式

35	????????????TServer server = new TNonblockingServer(tnbArgs);

36	????????????server.serve();

38	????????} catch (Exception e) {

39	????????????System.out.println("Server start error!!!");

40	????????????e.printStackTrace();

????????}

????}

????/**

45	?????* @param args

?????*/

47	????public static void main(String[] args) {

48	????????HelloServerDemo server = new HelloServerDemo();

49	????????server.startServer();

????}

}

編寫客戶端Client代碼：HelloAsynClientDemo.java

查看源代碼打印幫助

1	package com.micmiu.thrift.demo;

3	import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;

4	import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

6	import org.apache.thrift.TException;

7	import org.apache.thrift.async.AsyncMethodCallback;

8	import org.apache.thrift.async.TAsyncClientManager;

9	import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TCompactProtocol;

10	import org.apache.thrift.protocol.TProtocolFactory;

11	import org.apache.thrift.transport.TNonblockingSocket;

12	import org.apache.thrift.transport.TNonblockingTransport;

14	import com.micmiu.thrift.demo.HelloWorldService.AsyncClient.sayHello_call;

/**

17	?* blog http://www.micmiu.com

19	?* @author Michael

?*/

22	public class HelloAsynClientDemo {

24	????public static final String SERVER_IP = "localhost";

25	????public static final int SERVER_PORT = 8090;

26	????public static final int TIMEOUT = 30000;

????/**

?????*

30	?????* @param userName

?????*/

32	????public void startClient(String userName) {

33	????????try {

34	????????????TAsyncClientManager clientManager = new TAsyncClientManager();

35	????????????TNonblockingTransport transport = new TNonblockingSocket(SERVER_IP,

36	????????????????????SERVER_PORT, TIMEOUT);

38	????????????TProtocolFactory tprotocol = new TCompactProtocol.Factory();

39	????????????HelloWorldService.AsyncClient asyncClient = new HelloWorldService.AsyncClient(

40	????????????????????tprotocol, clientManager, transport);

41	????????????System.out.println("Client start .....");

43	????????????CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);

44	????????????AsynCallback callBack = new AsynCallback(latch);

45	????????????System.out.println("call method sayHello start ...");

46	????????????asyncClient.sayHello(userName, callBack);

47	????????????System.out.println("call method sayHello .... end");

48	????????????boolean wait = latch.await(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

49	????????????System.out.println("latch.await =:" + wait);

50	????????} catch (Exception e) {

51	????????????e.printStackTrace();

????????}

53	????????System.out.println("startClient end.");

????}

56	????public class AsynCallback implements AsyncMethodCallback<sayHello_call> {

57	????????private CountDownLatch latch;

59	????????public AsynCallback(CountDownLatch latch) {

60	????????????this.latch = latch;

????????}

63	????????@Override

64	????????public void onComplete(sayHello_call response) {

65	????????????System.out.println("onComplete");

66	????????????try {

67	????????????????// Thread.sleep(1000L * 1);

68	????????????????System.out.println("AsynCall result =:"

69	????????????????????????+ response.getResult().toString());

70	????????????} catch (TException e) {

71	????????????????e.printStackTrace();

72	????????????} catch (Exception e) {

73	????????????????e.printStackTrace();

74	????????????} finally {

75	????????????????latch.countDown();

76	????????????}

????????}

79	????????@Override

80	????????public void onError(Exception exception) {

81	????????????System.out.println("onError :" + exception.getMessage());

82	????????????latch.countDown();

????????}

????}

????/**

87	?????* @param args

?????*/

89	????public static void main(String[] args) {

90	????????HelloAsynClientDemo client = new HelloAsynClientDemo();

91	????????client.startClient("Michael");

????}

}

先運行服務程序，再運行客戶端程序，測試結果如下：

Client start ..... call method sayHello start ... call method sayHello .... end onComplete AsynCall result =:Hi,Michael welcome to my blog www.micmiu.com latch.await =:true startClient end.

————

原創文章，轉載請注明： 轉載自micmiu – 軟件開發+生活點滴[ http://www.micmiu.com/ ]

本文鏈接地址: http://www.micmiu.com/soa/rpc/thrift-sample/

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