awk 使用printf? ? #printf使用類似于C語言 #字符轉換 zhuyupeng@zhuyupeng-PC?~ $ echo "65" | awk '{printf "%c\n",$0}' A ? zhuyupeng@zhuyupeng-PC?~ $ echo "99" | awk '{printf "%f\n",$0}' 99.000000 ? #格式化輸出 #打印名字，左對齊，使用‘-’ zhuyupeng@zhuyupeng-PC?~ $ awk '{printf "%-15s %s\n",$1,$3}' grade.txt M.Tansley?????? 48311 J.Lulu????????? 48317 P.Bunny???????? 48 J.Troll???????? 4842 L.Tansley?????? 4712 ? #向awk傳入參數 zhuyupeng@zhuyupeng-PC?~ $ awk '{if ($5 < AGE) print $0}'?AGE=10?grade.txt M.Tansley?????? 05/99?? 48311?? Green?? 8?????? 40????? 44 J.Lulu? 06/99?? 48317?? green?? 9?????? 24????? 26 ? zhuyupeng@zhuyupeng-PC?~ $ df -k 文件系統??????????????? 1K-塊???? 已用??? 可用 已用% 掛載點 D:/Program Files/bin 76155900 70397660 5758240?? 93% /usr/bin D:/Program Files/lib 76155900 70397660 5758240?? 93% /usr/lib D:/Program Files???? 76155900 70397660 5758240?? 93% / C:?????????????????? 40857596 32552996 8304600?? 80% /cygdrive/c D:?????????????????? 76155900 70397660 5758240?? 93% /cygdrive/d ? zhuyupeng@zhuyupeng-PC?~ $ df -k | awk '($4 ~/^[0-9]/) {if($4 > TRIGGER) print $6"\t"$4}' TRIGGER=80000 93%???? 70397660 93%???? 70397660 93%???? 70397660 /cygdrive/c???? 8304600 /cygdrive/d???? 5758240 ?? ? #awk腳本 下面的腳本是將該命令翻譯成為一個完整腳本的形式：awk '(tot+=$6); END{print "Club student total points: " tot}' grade.txt ? #!/bin/awk -f
#print a header first
BEGIN{
??? print "Student? Date??? Member No.?? Grade?? Age?? Points?? Max"
??? print "Name???? Joined???????????????????????????? Gained?? Point Available"
??? print "==================================================================="
}
#let's add the scores of points gained
(tot+=$6)
#finished processing
END{
??? print "Club student total points :" tot
??? print "Average Club Student points:" tot/NR
??? }?
? #腳本運行是通過secureCRT 登陸遠程的服務器運行的，控制臺略有不同 ? [chen@localhost zyp]$ ./stu_tot.awk? grade.txt???????????????????????????????????????????
Student? Date??? Member No.?? Grade?? Age?? Points?? Max
Name???? Joined???????????????????????????? Gained?? Point Available
===================================================================
M.Tansley?????? 05/99?? 48311?? Green?? 8?????? 40????? 44
J.Lulu? 06/99?? 48317?? green?? 9?????? 24????? 26
P.Bunny 02/99?? 48????? Yellow? 12????? 35????? 28
J.Troll 07/99?? 4842??? Brown-3 12????? 26????? 26
L.Tansley?????? 05/99?? 4712??? Brown-2 12????? 30????? 28
Club student total points :155
Average Club Student points:31 ? ? #一個文件中如果有相同的行連續出現就只打印一次 ? strip.awk: ? #!/bin/awk -f
#error_strip.awk
#to call: error_strip.awk <filename>
#strips out the ERROR* lines if there are more than one
#ERROR* lines after each filed record.
BEGIN{
??? error_line=""
}
??? #tell awk the whole is "ERROR *"
??? {
??????? if ($0 == "ERROR*" && error_line == "ERROR*")
??????????? next;
??????? error_line = $0;
??????? print
??? }
? stip.txt: INVALID LCSD 98GJ23
ERROR*
ERROR*
CAUTION LPSS ERROR ON ACC NO.
ERROR*
ERROR*
ERROR*
ERROR*
ERROR*
PASS FILED INVALID ON GHSI
ERROR*
CUTION LPSS ERROR ON ACC NO.
ERROR*
ERROR*
? [chen@localhost zyp]$ ./strip.awk strip.txt
INVALID LCSD 98GJ23
ERROR*
CAUTION LPSS ERROR ON ACC NO.
ERROR*
PASS FILED INVALID ON GHSI
ERROR*
CUTION LPSS ERROR ON ACC NO.
ERROR* ? #在awk中使用FS變量指定分隔符的時候，FS一定要放在BEGIN部分 ? #!/bin/awk -f
#to call :passwd.awk /etc/passwd
#print out the first and fifth fields
BEGIN{
??? FS=":"
}
{ print $1,"\t",$5}?#第一域是帳號名，第五域是賬號所有者

? [chen@localhost zyp]$ ./passwd.awk /etc/passwd
root???? root
bin????? bin
daemon?? daemon
adm????? adm
lp?????? lp
sync???? sync
shutdown???????? shutdown
halt???? halt
mail???? mail
uucp???? uucp
operator???????? operator
games??? games
gopher?? gopher
ftp????? FTP User
nobody?? Nobody ... ? #向AWK腳本傳遞參數 ? age.awk: ? #!/bin/awk -f
#name: age.awk
#to call : age.awk AGE=n grade.txt
#prints ages that are lower than the age supplied on the command line
{
??? if ( $5 < AGE )
??????? print $0
}
? grade.txt:(前面已經給出) ? [chen@localhost zyp]$ ./age.awk AGE=10 grade.txt
M.Tansley?????? 05/99?? 48311?? Green?? 8?????? 40????? 44
J.Lulu? 06/99?? 48317?? green?? 9?????? 24????? 26 ? ? #awk 數組，awk數組是類似于一個鍵值對，既可以使用數字做下標，也可以使用字符串做下標 ? 前面介紹過split函數，并使用了一個例子： $awk 'BEGIN {print split("123#456#789",myarray,"#")}' 3 上面例子中，split返回數組myarray下標數，實際上myarray數組為： myarray[1]="123" myarray[2]="456" myarray[3]="789" ? 數組使用前不必定義，也不必指定數組元素個數。經常使用循環來方位數組，一般這樣使用循環： for（element in array ） print array[element] ? #下面腳本先將"123#456#789" 使用split環峰，再循環打印個數組元素 #!/bin/awk -f
#name: arraytest.awk
#prints out an array
BEGIN{
??? record="123#456#789";
??? split(record,myarray,"#")
}

END{
??? for ( i in myarray )
?????? {
?????????? print myarray[i]
?????? }
}

#要運行腳本 需要使用/dev/null作為輸入文件 [chen@localhost zyp]$ ./arraytest.awk? /dev/null
123
456
789 ? ? grade_student.txt: ? Yellow#Junior
Orange#Senior
Yellow#Junior
Purple#Junior
Brown-2#Junior
White#Senior
Orange#Senior
Red#Junior
Brown-2#Senior
Yellow#Senior
Red#Junior
Blue#Senior
Green#Senior
Purple#Junior
White#Junior
? ? belts.awk: ? #!/bin/awk -f
#name: belts.awk
#to call: belts.awk grade2.txt
#loops through the grade2.txt file and counts how many
#belts we have in(yellow,orange,red)
#also count how many adults and juniors we have
#
#start of BEGIN
#set FS and load the arrays and our values
BEGIN{
??? FS="#"
??? #load the belt colours we are interested in only
??? belt["Yellow"]
??? belt["Orange"]
??? belt["Red"]
??? #end of BEGIN
??? #load the student type
??? student["Junior"]
??? student["Senior"]
}
#loop thru array that holds the belt colours against field-1
#if we have a match,keep a running total
{ for (colour in belt)
??? {
??????? if ($1==colour)
??????????? belt[colour]++
??? }
}
??? #loop thru array that holds the student type against
??? #field-2 if we have a match, keep a running total
?????? { for(senior_or_junior in student)
?????????? {
?????????????? if($2 == senior_or_junior)
?????????????????? student[senior_or_junior]++
?????????? }
?????? }
??? #finished processing so print out the matches..for each array
END{ for(colour in belt)
?????? print "The club has",belt[colour],colour,"Belts"

??????? for(senior_or_junior in student)
???????????? print "The club has",student[senior_or_junior]\
??????????????????????????? , senior_or_junior, "students"
? ?}


## ? ## 腳本的作用： 1.統計Yellow、Orange和Red級別的人各是多少 2.俱樂部中有多少成年（Senior）和未成年人（Junior）

? ? ? # [chen@localhost ~]$ ./belts.awk grade_student.txt
The club has 2 Red Belts
The club has 2 Orange Belts
The club has 3 Yellow Belts
The club has 7 Senior students
The club has 8 Junior students

總結

以上是生活随笔為你收集整理的awk 实例练习 （三）的全部內容，希望文章能夠幫你解決所遇到的問題。

如果覺得生活随笔網站內容還不錯，歡迎將生活随笔推薦給好友。