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oracle audit文件,[20191128]oracle Audit文件管理2.txt

發布時間：2023/12/19 编程问答 29 豆豆

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[20191128]oracle Audit文件管理2.txt

--//以前的測試,http://blog.itpub.net/267265/viewspace-2646161/ => [20190530]oracle Audit文件管理.txt

--//今天我檢查發現exadata的asm實例配置的是:

SQL> show parameter audit

NAME???????????????? TYPE??????? VALUE

-------------------- ----------- ------------------------------

audit_file_dest????? string????? /u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid/rdbms/audit

audit_sys_operations boolean???? FALSE

audit_syslog_level?? string????? LOCAL0.INFO

--//exadate oracle的實施人員修改參數audit_syslog_level指向了LOCAL0.INFO.不過audit_sys_operations=false

--//而且實施人員并沒有定義LOCAL0.INFO在/etc/syslog.conf文件中(有一些系統使用rsyslog代替syslog)

# grep -i local0 /etc/syslog.conf

# grep -i 'local0.info' /etc/rsyslog.conf

--//兩者都無顯示.順便說一下我們使用的是rsyslog服務.

# service syslog status

syslogd is stopped

klogd is stopped

#? service rsyslog status

rsyslogd (pid? 116746) is running...

--//感覺oracle的實施人員有點丟臉.沒注意細節....

--//補充測試修改這些參數是否需要重啟數據庫,以及其它一些細節問題.

1.環境:

SYS@book> @ ver1

PORT_STRING??????????????????? VERSION??????? BANNER

------------------------------ -------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

x86_64/Linux 2.4.xx??????????? 11.2.0.4.0???? Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

2.測試1:

--//修改參數是否需要重啟.

SYS@book> show parameter audit

NAME???????????????? TYPE??? VALUE

-------------------- ------- --------------------------------

audit_file_dest????? string? /u01/app/oracle/admin/book/adump

audit_sys_operations boolean TRUE

audit_syslog_level?? string? LOCAL0.INFO

audit_trail????????? string? DB, EXTENDED

# grep "local0" /etc/syslog.conf

local0.info???????????????????? /var/log/oracleaudit.log

SYS@book> alter system set audit_sys_operations=false ;

alter system set audit_sys_operations=false

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-02095: specified initialization parameter cannot be modified

SYS@book> alter system set audit_syslog_level=LOCAL1.INFO;

alter system set audit_syslog_level=LOCAL1.INFO

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-02095: specified initialization parameter cannot be modified

--//不行!!

--//audit_sys_operations,audit_syslog_level都不能在線修改.

3.測試2:

--//如果audit_sys_operations=false,audit_syslog_level=LOCAL0.INFO會怎樣?

SYS@book> alter system set audit_sys_operations=false scope=spfile;

System altered.

--//重啟數據庫.

--//可以發現登錄審計依舊記錄在/var/log/oracleaudit.log,但是執行的命令不記錄在/var/log/oracleaudit.log文件中.

# tail -f? /var/log/oracleaudit.log

--//執行如下可以發現tail -f沒有輸出.

SYS@book> show sga

Total System Global Area? 643084288 bytes

Fixed Size????????????????? 2255872 bytes

Variable Size???????????? 205521920 bytes

Database Buffers????????? 427819008 bytes

Redo Buffers??????????????? 7487488 bytes

4.測試3:

SYS@book> alter system set audit_sys_operations=true scope=spfile;

System altered.

SYS@book> shutdown immediate ;

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SYS@book> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area? 643084288 bytes

Fixed Size????????????????? 2255872 bytes

Variable Size???????????? 205521920 bytes

Database Buffers????????? 427819008 bytes

Redo Buffers??????????????? 7487488 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

--//另外注意一點不管何種方式模式,啟動的時候在目錄/u01/app/oracle/admin/book/adump都會有記錄.也就是還是有點東西記錄在這個

--//目錄.不過不會很多,除非你經常重啟asm實例.

$ ls -ltr | grep 2019-11-28

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 770 2019-11-28 15:22:15 book_ora_28379_20191128152215303883143795.aud

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 770 2019-11-28 15:28:26 book_ora_28615_20191128152826802446143795.aud

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 770 2019-11-28 15:34:17 book_ora_28726_20191128153417006021143795.aud

SYS@book> select sysdate from dual ;

SYSDATE

-------------------

2019-11-28 15:35:32

# tail -f? /var/log/oracleaudit.log

Nov 28 15:34:23 xxxxxxxx Oracle Audit[28777]: LENGTH : '160' ACTION :[7] 'CONNECT' DATABASE USER:[1] '/' PRIVILEGE :[6] 'SYSDBA' CLIENT USER:[6] 'oracle' CLIENT TERMINAL:[6] 'pts/11' STATUS:[1] '0' DBID:[10] '1337401710'

Nov 28 15:34:25 xxxxxxxx Oracle Audit[28777]: LENGTH : '173' ACTION :[19] 'ALTER DATABASE OPEN' DATABASE USER:[1] '/' PRIVILEGE :[6] 'SYSDBA' CLIENT USER:[6] 'oracle' CLIENT TERMINAL:[6] 'pts/11' STATUS:[1] '0' DBID:[10] '1337401710'

Nov 28 15:35:32 xxxxxxxx Oracle Audit[28777]: LENGTH : '179' ACTION :[25] 'select sysdate from dual ' DATABASE USER:[1] '/' PRIVILEGE :[6] 'SYSDBA' CLIENT USER:[6] 'oracle' CLIENT TERMINAL:[6] 'pts/11' STATUS:[1] '0' DBID:[10] '1337401710'

--//最后1條記錄記錄執行select sysdate from dual命令.

5.測試4:

--//注解如下,也就是exadate遇到的情況:

# grep "local0" /etc/syslog.conf

#local0.info???????????????????? /var/log/oracleaudit.log

--//重啟syslog服務.

# service syslog restart

Shutting down kernel logger:? [? OK? ]

Shutting down system logger:? [? OK? ]

Starting system logger:?????? [? OK? ]

Starting kernel logger:?????? [? OK? ]

SYS@book> select sysdate from dual ;

SYSDATE

-------------------

2019-11-28 15:39:48

# tail -f? /var/log/oracleaudit.log

--//沒有輸出.這種情況僅僅記錄登錄的審計.

--//以sys用戶登錄后檢查:

$ ls -ltr | grep 2019-11-28

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 770 2019-11-28 15:22:15 book_ora_28379_20191128152215303883143795.aud

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 770 2019-11-28 15:28:26 book_ora_28615_20191128152826802446143795.aud

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 770 2019-11-28 15:34:17 book_ora_28726_20191128153417006021143795.aud

--//在/u01/app/oracle/admin/book/adump目錄下不產生審計文件.

--//也就是這樣的情況會出現丟失審計的情況!!!

6.測試5:

--//測試audit_syslog_level參數大小寫混合輸入會是什么情況?

SYS@book> alter system set audit_syslog_level='Local0.info' scope=spfile ;

System altered.

SYS@book> show spparameter audit

SID????? NAME???????????????? TYPE??? VALUE

-------- -------------------- ------- --------------------------------

*??????? audit_file_dest????? string? /u01/app/oracle/admin/book/adump

*??????? audit_sys_operations boolean TRUE

*??????? audit_syslog_level?? string? Local0.info

*??????? audit_trail????????? string? DB

*??????? audit_trail????????? string? EXTENDED

--//取消注解,注意后面的O我輸入的大寫.

# grep "local0" /etc/syslog.conf

local0.infO???????????????????? /var/log/oracleaudit.log

--//重啟syslog服務.

# service syslog restart

Shutting down kernel logger:? [? OK? ]

Shutting down system logger:? [? OK? ]

Starting system logger:?????? [? OK? ]

Starting kernel logger:?????? [? OK? ]

--//重啟數據庫:

SYS@book> show spparameter audit

SID????? NAME???????????????? TYPE???? VALUE

-------- -------------------- -------- --------------------------------

*??????? audit_file_dest????? string?? /u01/app/oracle/admin/book/adump

*??????? audit_sys_operations boolean? TRUE

*??????? audit_syslog_level?? string?? Local0.info

*??????? audit_trail????????? string?? DB

*??????? audit_trail????????? string?? EXTENDED

SYS@book> show parameter audit

NAME???????????????? TYPE??? VALUE

-------------------- ------- --------------------------------

audit_file_dest????? string? /u01/app/oracle/admin/book/adump

audit_sys_operations boolean TRUE

audit_syslog_level?? string? LOCAL0.INFO

audit_trail????????? string? DB, EXTENDED

--//實際上啟動后audit_syslog_level定義是大寫.

SYS@book> show sga

Total System Global Area? 643084288 bytes

Fixed Size????????????????? 2255872 bytes

Variable Size???????????? 205521920 bytes

Database Buffers????????? 427819008 bytes

Redo Buffers??????????????? 7487488 bytes

SYS@book> select Sysdate from dual;

SYSDATE

-------------------

2019-11-28 15:54:19

# tail -f? /var/log/oracleaudit.log

Nov 28 15:54:19 gxqyydg4 Oracle Audit[29236]: LENGTH : '178' ACTION :[24] 'select Sysdate from dual' DATABASE USER:[1]

'/' PRIVILEGE :[6] 'SYSDBA' CLIENT USER:[6] 'oracle' CLIENT TERMINAL:[6] 'pts/11' STATUS:[1] '0' DBID:[10] '1337401710'

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