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python gui测试工具_在Suse10下尝试dogtail(一个python的GUI测试工具..

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在Suse10下嘗試dogtail(一個python的GUI測試工具..

零簡介：

DogTail是一個用python寫的,自動測試GUI程序的工具。使用AT(Accessibility techno logies)技術與桌面應用程序交互。可以模擬和替代部分人工測試GUI的操作。但目前為止還不能模擬人工操作的一些錯誤情況。現在只支持GNOME和GTK+

一下載與依賴問題：

下載地址：http://people.redhat.com/zcerza/dogtail/downloads.html

依賴：

* AT-SPI-enabled desktop (GNOME at this point in time).

* Python 2.3 or higher (available through your distribution).

* ImageMagick 6.2 or higher (available through your distribution).

* rpm-python or python-apt (available through your distribution).

* ElementTree for Python (available through your distribution).

* pyspi - Python AT-SPI bindings.

順便說一下我所用的環境：

Suse 10.0

Python 2.4.1

二安裝過程簡記

(1)依賴的包/工具

*? AT-SPI

找了rpm包，確認裝了at-spi和at-spi-devel。

$rpm -qa | grep at-spi

at-spi-devel-1.6.6-2

at-spi-1.6.6-2

*? ImageMagick是一個能夠支持多種圖片格式的讀寫的工具

http://www.imagemagick.org/script/index.php

這樣檢測本機是否已經安裝了ImageMagick

$convert -version

Version: ImageMagick 6.2.3 09/13/05 Q16 http://www.imagemagick.org

這里ImageMagick的版本是6.2.3

*? rpm-python or python-apt

對于Suse,使用$rpm -qa | grep rpm-python查找即可

*? ElementTree for Python

這是處理XML的一個工具，據說效率不錯

本機已經安裝了python-elementtree-1.2.6-2

*? pyspi

主頁上給出的下載鏈接無效，從gnome的網站上下載CVS的版本

$export CVS_RSH=ssh

$export CVSROOT=:pserver:anonymous@anoncvs.gnome

$cvs login

Logging in to :pserver:anonymous@anoncvs.gnome.org:2401/cvs/gnome

CVS password:

$cvs -z3 co pyspi

...

注1： -z3只是壓縮級別，z9為最大

注2:? 要使用下載來的CVS的源碼，可能需要gettextize, intltoolize, libtoolize, aclo cal, autoheader, automake & autoconf

INSTALL文件寫得好簡單，我執行不過去源碼目錄下的setup.py,讀setup.py查找原因。

$./setup.py install --prefix=/usr/local/

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "./setup.py", line 12, in ?

raise ImportError, inst

ImportError: No module named Pyrex.Distutils

出現這個錯誤的原因是from Pyrex.Distutils import build_ext時候找不到Pyrex.Distuti ls模塊。

注：Pyrex lets you write code that mixes Python and C data types any way you wan t, and compiles it into a C extension for Python.

對于使用python2.4的用戶，FAQ里還有這樣一條要注意：

Q: I can't get pyspi to build using Python 2.4!

A:If you see an error like:

TypeError: swig_sources() takes exactly 2 arguments (3 given)

then you probably have Pyrex 0.9.3 or earlier installed. Get Pyrex 0.9.3.1 - it fixes the incompatibility with Python 2.4.

安裝Pyrex(倒霉的網速...)

$tar -zvxf Pyrex-0.9.3.1.tar.gz

$cd Pyrex-0.9.3.1

$python setup.py install

繼續安裝pyspi

./setup.py install --prefix=/usr/local

(2)下載,安裝dogtail

前面的CVS環境變量不變，$cvs -z3 co dogtail即可

$cd dogtail

$./setup.py install --prefix=/usr

居然裝上了...

三測試樣例

首先使桌面支持AT-SPI

gconftool-2 --set --type bool /desktop/gnome/interface/accessibility true

然后重起gnome即可。

下載測試程序

http://people.redhat.com/zcerza/dogtail/media.html

這個頁面上有測試程序和演示的flash.flash不錯。 :)

(1) gedit的測試程序: gedit-test-utf8-procedural-api.py

$ ./gedit-test-utf8-procedural-api.py

Creating logfile at /tmp/dogtail/logs/gedit-test-utf8-procedural-api_20060802-13 2321 ...

Detecting distribution: SuSE (or derived distribution)

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "./gedit-test-utf8-procedural-api.py", line 9, in ?

from dogtail.procedural import *

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/procedural.py", line 18, in ?

import tree

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/tree.py", line 64, in ?

import predicate

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/predicate.py", line 8, in ?

from i18n import TranslatableString

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/i18n.py", line 10, in ?

import distro

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/distro.py", line 313, in ?

packageDb = distro.packageDb

NameError: global name 'distro' is not defined

發現這個錯誤是由于/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/distro.py中，當判斷OS 為SuSE時沒有初始化distro這個全局變量引起的，定義的相關類為空，看來是還沒有實現了 ...T_T，自己改了代碼，初始化的部分直接用了Redhat/Fedora的_RpmPackageDb()，如下：

vi /usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/distro.py

Line: 260

#===added by icymoon====

class SuSE(Distro):

"""

Class representing one of the SuSE or SuSE-derived distributions, added by i cymoon

Using RpmPackageDb, the one belongs Redhat OR Fedora

"""

def __init__(self):

self.packageDb = _RpmPackageDb()

#===added end===========

后面初始化的部分：

......

elif os.path.exists ("/etc/SuSE-release"):

print "SuSE (or derived distribution)"

distro = SuSE()

繼續...

$./gedit-test-utf8-procedural-api.py

Creating logfile at /tmp/dogtail/logs/gedit-test-utf8-procedural-api_20060802-13 4604 ...

Detecting distribution: SuSE (or derived distribution)

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "./gedit-test-utf8-procedural-api.py", line 9, in ?

from dogtail.procedural import *

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/procedural.py", line 18, in ?

import tree

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/tree.py", line 78, in ?

raise ImportError, "Error importing the AT-SPI bindings"

ImportError: Error importing the AT-SPI bindings

是/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/tree.py中import atspi拋出的異常

$cp atspi.so /usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/

繼續...

$ ./gedit-test-utf8-procedural-api.py

Creating logfile at /tmp/dogtail/logs/gedit-test-utf8-procedural-api_20060802-13 5059 ...

Detecting distribution: SuSE (or derived distribution)

Warning: AT-SPI's desktop is visible but it has no children. Are you running any? AT-SPI-aware applications?

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "./gedit-test-utf8-procedural-api.py", line 18, in ?

dogtail.i18n.loadTranslationsFromPackageMoFiles('gedit')

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/i18n.py", line 248, in loadTran slationsFromPackageMoFiles

load(packageName, language, getDependencies)

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/i18n.py", line 224, in load

for moFile in getMoFilesForPackage(packageName, language, getDependencies):

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/i18n.py", line 209, in getMoFil esForPackage

for dep in distro.packageDb.getDependencies(packageName):

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/distro.py", line 111, in getDep endencies

for requirement in header[rpm.RPMTAG_REQUIRES]:

AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'RPMTAG_REQUIRES'

...亂改代碼的報應啊 T_T

繼續改吧...

$/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/distro.py

Line: 111

改成for requirement in header[rpm.RPMTAG_REQUIRENAME]:，用rpm.RPMTAG_REQUIRENAME 代替了rpm.RPMTAG_REQUIRES

繼續吧，心里越來越沒譜了 -_-b 因為我并不了解SuSE與Redhat在使用rpm上有什么差異.. 何況這應該和python相關的.

$ ./gedit-test-utf8-procedural-api.py

這次總算運行了，跳出個gedit，不過要有data/UTF-8-demo.txt這個文件，這里我就不再詳細描述這個無聊的錯誤了。到了保存文件那步，跳出來的錯誤是這樣的：

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "./gedit-test-utf8-procedural-api.py", line 50, in ?

click('Save')

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/procedural.py", line 280, in __? call__

Action.__call__(self, name = name, roleName = roleName, description = descri? ption, delay = delay)

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/procedural.py", line 212, in __? call__

FocusWidget.__call__(self, name = name, roleName = roleName, description = d? escription)

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/procedural.py", line 121, in __? call__

raise FocusError, predicate.debugName

dogtail.procedural.FocusError: child with name="Save"

這樣拋出的異常應該是應用程序本身的問題，手動用了一下gedit，按照測試腳本中的步驟進行操作，發現在點擊Save的時候本身就是報這樣的錯誤：

gtk_file_system_path_is_local: assertion `path != NULL' failed

不幸查到這是一個已知bug...是libgnomeui中的一個已經fix了的bug...多災多難的test啊，如果更新這個庫那可是要折騰一堆東西地～～

BTW: 順便從源碼中發現了一個問題，這個測試是調用rpm相關的接口來做的...

我決定放棄這個測試了...

(2)...明天繼續

四參考：

http://people.redhat.com/zcerza/dogtail/

http://people.redhat.com/zcerza/dogtail/media.html

哪位在看相同的東西？是否遇到了相同或不同的問題？歡迎討論~

(To be continued)

作者: icymoon

發布時間: 2006-08-02

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