要討論的類：先UML定義需要的方法?--->?ADT偽代碼，確認操作和設(shè)計?---->?考慮特殊情況?--->?實現(xiàn)為Java接口（注意寫好注釋）?---->?寫好用來測試的Java語句，更好的理解定義的方法?--->?實現(xiàn)核心方法?----->?測試核心方法?--->?實現(xiàn)其他方法及測試。

分析ArrayBagDemo：

/*** A demostration of the class ArrayBag* @author Administrator**/ public class ArrayBagDemo {public static void main(String[] args) {String[] contentsOfBag = {"A", "A", "B", "A", "C", "A"};// Tests on an empty bagBagInterface<String> aBag = new ArrayBag<>(contentsOfBag.length);System.out.println("Testing an initially empty bag:");testIsEmpty(aBag, true);String[] testStrings1 = {"", "B"};testFrequency(aBag, testStrings1);testContains(aBag, testStrings1);testRemove(aBag, testStrings1);// Adding stringsSystem.out.println("Adding " + contentsOfBag.length + " strings to an initially empty bag "+ "with the capacity to hold more than " + contentsOfBag.length + " strings:");testAdd(aBag, contentsOfBag);// Tests on a bag that is not emptytestIsEmpty(aBag, false);String[] testStrings2 = {"A", "B", "C", "D", "A"};testFrequency(aBag, testStrings2);testContains(aBag, testStrings2);// Removing stringsString[] testStrings3 = {"", "B", "A", "C", "Z"};testRemove(aBag, testStrings3);System.out.println("\nClearing the bag:");aBag.clear();testIsEmpty(aBag, true);displayBag(aBag);}// Tests the method add.public static void testAdd(BagInterface<String> aBag, String[] content) {System.out.println("Adding ");for(int index = 0; index < content.length; index++) {aBag.add(content[index]);System.out.print(content[index] + " ");} // end for System.out.println();displayBag(aBag);} // end testAddprivate static void testRemove(BagInterface<String> aBag, String[] tests) {for (int index = 0; index < tests.length; index++) {String aString = tests[index];if (aString.equals("") || (aString == null)) {// test remove()System.out.println("\nRemoving a string from the bag:");String removedString = aBag.remove();System.out.println("remove() returns " + removedString);}else {// test remove(aString)System.out.println("\nRemoving \"" + aString + "\" from the bag:");boolean result = aBag.remove(aString);System.out.println("remove(\"" + aString + "\") returns " + result);} // end if displayBag(aBag);} // end for } // end testRemove// Tests the method toArray while displaying the bag.private static void displayBag(BagInterface<String> aBag) {System.out.println("The bag contains " + aBag.getCurrentSize() +" string(s), as follows:");Object[] bagArray = aBag.toArray();for (int index = 0; index < bagArray.length; index++) {System.out.print(bagArray[index] + " ");} // end for System.out.println();} // end diaplayBag// Tests the method contains.private static void testContains(BagInterface<String> aBag, String[] tests) {System.out.println("\nTesting the method contains:");for (int index = 0; index < tests.length; index++) {String aString = tests[index];if (!aString.equals("") && (aString != null)) {System.out.println("Does this bag contain " + tests[index] +" ? " + aBag.contains(aString));} // end if} // end for} // end testContains// Tests the method getFrequencyOfprivate static void testFrequency(BagInterface<String> aBag, String[] tests) {System.out.println("\nTesting the method getFrequencyOf:");for (int index = 0; index < tests.length; index++) {String aString = tests[index];if (!aString.equals("") && (aString != null)) { System.out.println("In this bag, the count of " + tests[index] +" is " + aBag.getFrequencyOf(aString));} // end if} // end for} // end testFrequency// Tests the method isEmpty// correctResult indicates what isEmpty should return.private static void testIsEmpty(BagInterface<String> aBag, boolean correctResult) {System.out.println("Testing isEmpty with ");if(correctResult) {System.out.println("an empty bag:");}else {System.out.println("a bag that is not empty:");} // end if System.out.print("isEmpty finds the bag ");if(correctResult && aBag.isEmpty()) {System.out.println("empty: OK.");}else if(correctResult) {System.out.println("not empty, but it is empty: ERROR.");}else if(!correctResult && aBag.isEmpty()) {System.out.println("empty, but it is not empty: ERROR.");}else {System.out.println("not empty: OK.");} // if else System.out.println();} // end testIsEmpty } View Code

（1）判空isEmpty(): Boolean

設(shè)計函數(shù)testIsEmpty，將包和是否真正為空的事實作為參數(shù)，利用isEmpty函數(shù)和事實對bag做判斷。

（2）測試getFrequencyOf

利用包和字符串數(shù)組做參數(shù)，判斷數(shù)組中的元素在包中出現(xiàn)的次數(shù)并輸出

（3）測試contains函數(shù)

參數(shù)為包和數(shù)組，判斷包中是否包含數(shù)組中的元素并輸出

（4）測試remove

將包和測試數(shù)組作為參數(shù)，如果當前數(shù)組元素是空串或是null，則測試remove()，否則用remove(T)，最后再輸出包中所有元素

（5）測試add

同樣將包和測試數(shù)組作為參數(shù)，依次將數(shù)組中元素添加進包中，再輸出包中所有元素

（6）都要使用的輸出包中元素的函數(shù)displayBag

（7）main函數(shù)中：

　　首先測試空包：判空、測試數(shù)組中元素的個數(shù)、是否包含數(shù)組中元素、移除元素 ---> 向空包中添加元素，測試add函數(shù)?---> 當包不為空時，繼續(xù)測試：判空、元素個數(shù)、是否包含等函數(shù)?---> 從包中移除元素，測試remove函數(shù)?----> 將包清空，通過判空可以測試clear()

（8）總結(jié)

　　各個測試方法中均為將函數(shù)執(zhí)行后輸出包中元素，對于判空的測試需要使用事實條件繼續(xù)對函數(shù)返回值進行詳細判斷說明。main函數(shù)測試時，先從空包開始測試除add以外的函數(shù)，再向包添加元素測試add，隨后在包不為空的情況下繼續(xù)測試所有函數(shù)，最后情況，通過判空測試clear函數(shù)。

轉(zhuǎn)載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/datamining-bio/p/9630373.html

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