yum 安裝MySQL
1. 檢查安裝情況
查看有沒有安裝過： yum list installed MySQL* （有存在要卸載yum remove MySQL*） rpm -qa | grep mysql*
查看有沒有安裝包： yum list mysql*
2. 安裝 MySQL
安裝 MySQL 客戶端： yum -y install mysql
安裝?MySQL?服務器端： yum?-y?install mysql-server ?mysql-devel
3. 配置和啟動
? ? ? ??數(shù)據(jù)庫字符集設置： ? ? ? ? MySQL 配置文件/etc/my.cnf中加入default-character-set=utf8 ? ?? ? ? ? ? 啟動?MySQL?服務：? ? ? ? ? service mysqld start或者/etc/init.d/mysqld start
? ? ? ? 設置開機啟動： ? ? ? ? 添加開機啟動：chkconfig --add mysqld; ? ? ? ? 開機啟動：chkconfig mysqld on; ? ? ? ? 查看開機啟動設置是否成功chkconfig --list | grep mysql* mysqld 0:關(guān)閉 1:關(guān)閉 2:啟用 3:啟用 4:啟用 5:啟用 6:關(guān)閉停止：
? ? ? ? 停止?MySQL?服務：? ? ? ? ? service mysqld stop
4.??MySQL?登陸等權(quán)限設置
? ? ? ? 登錄 MySQL 數(shù)據(jù)庫： ? ? ? ? mysq -u root password 123456
? ? ? ? 首次使用創(chuàng)建root管理員和密碼： （mysql -u root -p輸入密碼即可？） mysql -u root; use mysql ; update user set password=password("123456") where user="root"; flush privileges;
? ? ? ? 忘記密碼： ? ? ? ? service mysqld stop; ? ? ? ? mysqld_safe --user=root --skip-grant-tables; ? ? ? ? 這一步驟執(zhí)行的時候不會出現(xiàn)新的命令行，你需要重新打開一個窗口執(zhí)行下面的命令 mysql -u root;use mysql ;update user set password=password("123456") where user="root";flush privileges;
? ? ? ?? 如果需要外網(wǎng)可以訪問需要再做如下設置： ? ? ? ? 授權(quán)用戶可以從遠程登陸 ? ? ? ? grant all PRIVILEGES on *.* to?root@'%' ?identified by 'pwd123'; ? ? ? ? flush privileges ;
5. 遠程訪問，開放防火墻的端口號 MySQL
? ? ? ? 一般開發(fā)測試我直接把防火墻關(guān)閉，生產(chǎn)的開發(fā)對應端口即可：

123456

su?rootservice?iptables?stop?#關(guān)閉防火墻service?iptables?status?#驗證是否關(guān)閉chkconfig?iptables?off?#關(guān)閉防火墻的開機自動運行chkconfig?–list?|?grep?iptables?#驗證防火墻的開機自動運行vim?/etc/sysconfig/selinux?#?禁用selinux，將SELINUX=disabled

6. Linux MySQL 的幾個重要目錄
? ? ? ? 數(shù)據(jù)庫目錄 /var/lib/mysql/ ? ? ? ? 配置文件 /usr/share /mysql（mysql.server命令及配置文件） ? ? ? ? 相關(guān)命令 /usr/bin（mysqladmin mysqldump等命令） ? ? ? ? 啟動腳本 /etc/rc.d/init.d/（啟動腳本文件mysql的目錄）
7. 刪除?MySQL??數(shù)據(jù)庫
? ? ? ? 如果使用的是 yum 安裝的 mysql，需要刪除的話，就使用如下命令： ? ? ? ? yum -y remove mysql* ? ? ? ? 然后將 /var/lib/mysql文件夾下的所有文件都刪除干凈，最后再重新執(zhí)行上面的安裝步驟。

yum 安裝 MySQL 指定版本
默認yum只能安裝mysql 5.1，我們可以自己配置通過yum安裝5.6或者其他版本。
1. 查看系統(tǒng)里面有沒有mysql 的repo（可以參考上面第一步卸載）
yum repolist all | grep mysql
2. 如果沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)，則需要配置repo
? ? ? ? 只能有一個是 enabled=1的，其他的都得enabled=0。vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo輸入如下內(nèi)容[mysql-connectors-community]
name=MySQL Connectors Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-connectors-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql-tools-community]
name=MySQL Tools Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

# Enable to use MySQL 5.5
[mysql55-community]
name=MySQL 5.5 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.5-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

# Enable to use MySQL 5.6
[mysql56-community]
name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

# Note: MySQL 5.7 is currently in development. For use at your own risk.
# Please read with sub pages: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/relnotes/mysql/5.7/en/
[mysql57-community-dmr]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server Development Milestone Release
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
3. 再看看是否存在 MySQL 的 repo
yum repolist enabled | grep mysql可以看到已經(jīng)有了。
4. 簽名
vim /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql寫入如下內(nèi)容-----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
Version: GnuPG v1.4.9 (SunOS)

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AcOphrnJ
=443I
-----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----5. 安裝
yum install mysql-community-server -y
6. 啟動
service mysqld start?
其他操作可以參考上面第一節(jié)的介紹。

---

參考A Quick Guide to Using the MySQL Yum RepositoryInstalling MySQL on Linux Using the MySQL Yum Repository2.1.3.2 Signature Checking Using GnuPG?centos 6.5 yum安裝 mysql 5.6?

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