MFC+Opencv4+vs2017 显示图像 详细小白教程(不使用cvvImage)
前言:最近在學習過程中遇到需要使用MFC的地方。開始進行了MFC的學習,網上找到的資源大多有點老了,感覺用起來十分不便,大家可以搜一個利用MFC制作計算器的小教程,對MFC進行了解,本文是利用MFC顯示圖像的詳細步驟。
注:https://download.csdn.net/download/guchensha/11373642 本文工程可點擊鏈接下載
開始
首先創建一個MFC項目
我們利用VS進行MFC的創建,其實就是利用VS創建一個新的項目,這里我們要看一下自己安裝的VS是否有MFC,如下圖:
創建過程中注意將應用程序類型選擇為基于對話框的形式,如下圖:
其他按照默認就可以了,點擊完成創建。
next
點擊資源文件中的 .rc2文件
找到Dialog中的第二個
點擊之后的效果圖如下,這也就是我們最后得到的窗口的模型
我們在工具箱中找到我們需要的控件進行操作,這里用到的是BUTTON以及PICTURE CONTROL兩個控件,拖動修改之后如下:
之后搭配一下Opencv的環境
這里不在贅述,網上教程很多,注意配置環境的選擇以及Debug還是Release模式下
編程模塊
網上關于MFC結合Opencv顯示圖像的教程中,大多利用了CvvImage類,一個已經被刪除的類,如果使用需要添加CvvImage.h以及CvvImage.cpp,(我用opencv4嘗試了這種方法,好像并不可以使用),這里把兩個文件放在這里,需要自取。(網上并不難找)
CvvImage.h
#ifndef CVVIMAGE_CLASS_DEF #define CVVIMAGE_CLASS_DEF#include <opencv/cv.h> #include <opencv/highgui.h>/* CvvImage class definition */ class CvvImage { public:CvvImage();virtual ~CvvImage();/* Create image (BGR or grayscale) */virtual bool Create(int width, int height, int bits_per_pixel, int image_origin = 0);/* Load image from specified file */virtual bool Load(const char* filename, int desired_color = 1);/* Load rectangle from the file */virtual bool LoadRect(const char* filename,int desired_color, CvRect r);#if defined WIN32 || defined _WIN32virtual bool LoadRect(const char* filename,int desired_color, RECT r){return LoadRect(filename, desired_color,cvRect(r.left, r.top, r.right - r.left, r.bottom - r.top));} #endif/* Save entire image to specified file. */virtual bool Save(const char* filename);/* Get copy of input image ROI */virtual void CopyOf(CvvImage& image, int desired_color = -1);virtual void CopyOf(IplImage* img, int desired_color = -1);IplImage* GetImage() { return m_img; };virtual void Destroy(void);/* width and height of ROI */int Width() { return !m_img ? 0 : !m_img->roi ? m_img->width : m_img->roi->width; };int Height() { return !m_img ? 0 : !m_img->roi ? m_img->height : m_img->roi->height; };int Bpp() { return m_img ? (m_img->depth & 255)*m_img->nChannels : 0; };virtual void Fill(int color);/* draw to highgui window */virtual void Show(const char* window);#if defined WIN32 || defined _WIN32/* draw part of image to the specified DC */virtual void Show( HDC dc, int x, int y, int width, int height,int from_x = 0, int from_y = 0);/* draw the current image ROI to the specified rectangle of the destination DC */virtual void DrawToHDC( HDC hDCDst, RECT* pDstRect); #endifprotected:IplImage* m_img; };typedef CvvImage CImage;#endifCvvImage.cpp
#include "stdafx.h"//加到工程后這個就要添上 #include "CvvImage.h"// // Construction/Destruction //CV_INLINE RECT NormalizeRect(RECT r); CV_INLINE RECT NormalizeRect(RECT r) {int t;if (r.left > r.right){t = r.left;r.left = r.right;r.right = t;}if (r.top > r.bottom){t = r.top;r.top = r.bottom;r.bottom = t;}return r; }CV_INLINE CvRect RectToCvRect(RECT sr); CV_INLINE CvRect RectToCvRect(RECT sr) {sr = NormalizeRect(sr);return cvRect(sr.left, sr.top, sr.right - sr.left, sr.bottom - sr.top); }CV_INLINE RECT CvRectToRect(CvRect sr); CV_INLINE RECT CvRectToRect(CvRect sr) {RECT dr;dr.left = sr.x;dr.top = sr.y;dr.right = sr.x + sr.width;dr.bottom = sr.y + sr.height;return dr; }CV_INLINE IplROI RectToROI(RECT r); CV_INLINE IplROI RectToROI(RECT r) {IplROI roi;r = NormalizeRect(r);roi.xOffset = r.left;roi.yOffset = r.top;roi.width = r.right - r.left;roi.height = r.bottom - r.top;roi.coi = 0;return roi; }void FillBitmapInfo(BITMAPINFO* bmi, int width, int height, int bpp, int origin) {assert(bmi && width >= 0 && height >= 0 && (bpp == 8 || bpp == 24 || bpp == 32));BITMAPINFOHEADER* bmih = &(bmi->bmiHeader);memset(bmih, 0, sizeof(*bmih));bmih->biSize = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);bmih->biWidth = width;bmih->biHeight = origin ? abs(height) : -abs(height);bmih->biPlanes = 1;bmih->biBitCount = (unsigned short)bpp;bmih->biCompression = BI_RGB;if (bpp == 8){RGBQUAD* palette = bmi->bmiColors;int i;for (i = 0; i < 256; i++){palette[i].rgbBlue = palette[i].rgbGreen = palette[i].rgbRed = (BYTE)i;palette[i].rgbReserved = 0;}} }CvvImage::CvvImage() {m_img = 0; }void CvvImage::Destroy() {cvReleaseImage(&m_img); }CvvImage::~CvvImage() {Destroy(); }bool CvvImage::Create(int w, int h, int bpp, int origin) {const unsigned max_img_size = 10000;if ((bpp != 8 && bpp != 24 && bpp != 32) ||(unsigned)w >= max_img_size || (unsigned)h >= max_img_size ||(origin != IPL_ORIGIN_TL && origin != IPL_ORIGIN_BL)){assert(0); // most probably, it is a programming errorreturn false;}if (!m_img || Bpp() != bpp || m_img->width != w || m_img->height != h){if (m_img && m_img->nSize == sizeof(IplImage))Destroy();/* prepare IPL header */m_img = cvCreateImage(cvSize(w, h), IPL_DEPTH_8U, bpp / 8);}if (m_img)m_img->origin = origin == 0 ? IPL_ORIGIN_TL : IPL_ORIGIN_BL;return m_img != 0; }void CvvImage::CopyOf(CvvImage& image, int desired_color) {IplImage* img = image.GetImage();if (img){CopyOf(img, desired_color);} }#define HG_IS_IMAGE(img) \((img) != 0 && ((const IplImage*)(img))->nSize == sizeof(IplImage) && \((IplImage*)img)->imageData != 0)void CvvImage::CopyOf(IplImage* img, int desired_color) {if (HG_IS_IMAGE(img)){int color = desired_color;CvSize size = cvGetSize(img);if (color < 0)color = img->nChannels > 1;if (Create(size.width, size.height,(!color ? 1 : img->nChannels > 1 ? img->nChannels : 3) * 8,img->origin)){cvConvertImage(img, m_img, 0);}} }bool CvvImage::Load(const char* filename, int desired_color) {IplImage* img = cvLoadImage(filename, desired_color);if (!img)return false;CopyOf(img, desired_color);cvReleaseImage(&img);return true; }bool CvvImage::LoadRect(const char* filename,int desired_color, CvRect r) {if (r.width < 0 || r.height < 0) return false;IplImage* img = cvLoadImage(filename, desired_color);if (!img)return false;if (r.width == 0 || r.height == 0){r.width = img->width;r.height = img->height;r.x = r.y = 0;}if (r.x > img->width || r.y > img->height ||r.x + r.width < 0 || r.y + r.height < 0){cvReleaseImage(&img);return false;}/* truncate r to source image */if (r.x < 0){r.width += r.x;r.x = 0;}if (r.y < 0){r.height += r.y;r.y = 0;}if (r.x + r.width > img->width)r.width = img->width - r.x;if (r.y + r.height > img->height)r.height = img->height - r.y;cvSetImageROI(img, r);CopyOf(img, desired_color);cvReleaseImage(&img);return true; }bool CvvImage::Save(const char* filename) {if (!m_img)return false;cvSaveImage(filename, m_img);return true; }void CvvImage::Show(const char* window) {if (m_img)cvShowImage(window, m_img); }void CvvImage::Show(HDC dc, int x, int y, int w, int h, int from_x, int from_y) {if (m_img && m_img->depth == IPL_DEPTH_8U){uchar buffer[sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER) + 1024];BITMAPINFO* bmi = (BITMAPINFO*)buffer;int bmp_w = m_img->width, bmp_h = m_img->height;FillBitmapInfo(bmi, bmp_w, bmp_h, Bpp(), m_img->origin);from_x = MIN(MAX(from_x, 0), bmp_w - 1);from_y = MIN(MAX(from_y, 0), bmp_h - 1);int sw = MAX(MIN(bmp_w - from_x, w), 0);int sh = MAX(MIN(bmp_h - from_y, h), 0);SetDIBitsToDevice(dc, x, y, sw, sh, from_x, from_y, from_y, sh,m_img->imageData + from_y*m_img->widthStep,bmi, DIB_RGB_COLORS);} }void CvvImage::DrawToHDC(HDC hDCDst, RECT* pDstRect) {if (pDstRect && m_img && m_img->depth == IPL_DEPTH_8U && m_img->imageData){uchar buffer[sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER) + 1024];BITMAPINFO* bmi = (BITMAPINFO*)buffer;int bmp_w = m_img->width, bmp_h = m_img->height;CvRect roi = cvGetImageROI(m_img);CvRect dst = RectToCvRect(*pDstRect);if (roi.width == dst.width && roi.height == dst.height){Show(hDCDst, dst.x, dst.y, dst.width, dst.height, roi.x, roi.y);return;}if (roi.width > dst.width){SetStretchBltMode(hDCDst, // handle to device contextHALFTONE);}else{SetStretchBltMode(hDCDst, // handle to device contextCOLORONCOLOR);}FillBitmapInfo(bmi, bmp_w, bmp_h, Bpp(), m_img->origin);::StretchDIBits(hDCDst,dst.x, dst.y, dst.width, dst.height,roi.x, roi.y, roi.width, roi.height,m_img->imageData, bmi, DIB_RGB_COLORS, SRCCOPY);} }void CvvImage::Fill(int color) {cvSet(m_img, cvScalar(color & 255, (color >> 8) & 255, (color >> 16) & 255, (color >> 24) & 255)); }這里使用的是Mat與ATL/MFC中的CImage轉換的方法
這里參考了一位博主的代碼,鏈接如下https://blog.csdn.net/liangjialang/article/details/33320093
我將代碼略加修改之后加到了我的cpp文件當中。
我們針對MFC的編程,其實只有幾個部分:
變量的聲明
這里我將一些Mat以及CImage變量的聲明放到了dlg.h當中了,因為接下來有幾個函數都要使用這些變量,將變量預先統一聲明一下比較好。
相關button程序
這里的按鍵程序指的就是openImage按鍵的程序,雙擊按鍵之后進入到cpp文件當中,在它預先留出的位置進行代碼的書寫。
void CMFCretry1Dlg::OnBnClickedButton1() {// TODO: 在此添加控件通知處理程序代碼//CString strFilter = _T("所有文件(*.*)|*.*|");//CFileDialog dlg(TRUE, NULL, NULL, NULL, strFilter, this);//SetDlgItemText(IDC_ImagePath, _T(" "));CFileDialog dlg(true, _T("*.bmp"), NULL, OFN_FILEMUSTEXIST | OFN_PATHMUSTEXIST | OFN_HIDEREADONLY,_T("image files (*.bmp ;*.jpg)|*.bmp;*.png;*.jpg |ALL Files (*.*) |*.*||"), NULL);if (!dlg.DoModal() == IDOK)return;CString strFileName = dlg.GetPathName();CFileStatus status;if (!CFile::GetStatus(strFileName, status)){MessageBox(strFileName + "不存在", L"信息提示", MB_OK);return;}image.Load(strFileName);//把CImage轉化為MatMatCImage MatCImage;MatCImage.CImageToMat(image, img);//獲取圖片控件的大小GetDlgItem(IDC_STATIC)->GetClientRect(&rect);//width = pic_rect.right;//height = pic_rect.bottom;//改變圖片大小適應picture控件resize(img, scaledImage, Size(rect.Width(), rect.Height()));//Mat轉換為CImageif (!scaledImage.empty()){MatCImage.MatToCImage(scaledImage, img1);}}onpaint函數
這個函數主要是書寫輸出圖像的代碼:
void CMFCretry1Dlg::OnPaint() {if (IsIconic()){CPaintDC dc(this); // 用于繪制的設備上下文SendMessage(WM_ICONERASEBKGND, reinterpret_cast<WPARAM>(dc.GetSafeHdc()), 0);// 使圖標在工作區矩形中居中int cxIcon = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXICON);int cyIcon = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYICON);CRect rect;GetClientRect(&rect);int x = (rect.Width() - cxIcon + 1) / 2;int y = (rect.Height() - cyIcon + 1) / 2;// 繪制圖標dc.DrawIcon(x, y, m_hIcon);}else{//CDialogEx::OnPaint();if (!img.empty()){//顯示CImage圖片CImage img_show;MatCImage MatCImage;MatCImage.MatToCImage(img, img_show);CWnd *pWnd = GetDlgItem(IDC_STATIC);//獲得pictrue控件窗口的句柄 CDC *pDC = pWnd->GetDC();//獲得pictrue控件的DC if (!img_show.IsNull()){img_show.Draw(pDC->m_hDC, rect); //將圖片畫到Picture控件表示的矩形區域 }ReleaseDC(pDC);//釋放picture控件的DC }} }代碼只需要補充else部分的 就可以啦,這里記得將CDialogEx::OnPaint();一句注釋掉。
結果說明
運行過程會出現腳本錯誤,可以先簡單將其忽略
(哈哈哈,放一張新番《流汗吧,健身少女》的圖,健身必備的番,觀看時佩戴耳機)
打開的圖片效果有點粗糙,會繼續對代碼進行優化的。
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~···~
回來加上優化結果,lll
對下面的博文進行了參考
[1]:https://blog.csdn.net/liangjialang/article/details/33320093
[2]:https://blog.csdn.net/xingchenbingbuyu/article/details/51348394
總結
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