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Hbase shell 常用命令

發布時間：2024/4/15 编程问答 27 豆豆

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為什么80%的碼農都做不了架構師？>>> ??

下面我們看看HBase Shell的一些基本操作命令，我列出了幾個常用的HBase Shell命令，如下：

名稱	命令表達式
創建表	create '表名稱', '列名稱1','列名稱2','列名稱N'
添加記錄??? ??	put '表名稱', '行名稱', '列名稱:', '值'
查看記錄	get '表名稱', '行名稱'
查看表中的記錄總數	count? '表名稱'
刪除記錄	delete? '表名' ,'行名稱' , '列名稱'
刪除一張表	先要屏蔽該表，才能對該表進行刪除，第一步 disable '表名稱' 第二步? drop '表名稱'
查看所有記錄	scan "表名稱"??
查看某個表某個列中所有數據	scan "表名稱" , ['列名稱:']
更新記錄?	就是重寫一遍進行覆蓋

下面是一些常見命令的說明，在hbaseshell中輸入help的幫助信息，在本文中，我們先介紹前3個，后面2個，將在下一篇博文中介紹。

COMMAND GROUPS:

? Group name: general

? Commands: status, version

? Group name: ddl

? Commands: alter, create, describe, disable,drop, enable, exists, is_disabled, is_enabled, list

? Group name: dml

? Commands: count, delete, deleteall, get,get_counter, incr, put, scan, truncate

? Group name: tools

? Commands: assign, balance_switch, balancer,close_region, compact, flush, major_compact, move, split, unassign, zk_dump

? Group name: replication

? Commands: add_peer, disable_peer,enable_peer, remove_peer, start_replication, stop_replication

一、一般操作

1.查詢服務器狀態

hbase(main):024:0>status

3 servers, 0 dead,1.0000 average load

2.查詢hive版本

hbase(main):025:0>version

0.90.4, r1150278,Sun Jul 24 15:53:29 PDT 2011

二、DDL操作

1.創建一個表

hbase(main):011:0>create 'member','member_id','address','info'???

0 row(s) in 1.2210seconds

2.獲得表的描述

hbase(main):012:0>list

TABLE???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

member??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

1 row(s) in 0.0160seconds

hbase(main):006:0>describe 'member'

DESCRIPTION??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????ENABLED???????????????????????????????????????????????

?{NAME => 'member', FAMILIES => [{NAME=> 'address', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', true?????????????????????????????????????????????????

? VERSIONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE',TTL => '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'fa???????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?lse', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}, {NAME =>'info', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSI???????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?ONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', TTL=> '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false',????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}]}????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

1 row(s) in 0.0230seconds

3.刪除一個列族，alter，disable，enable

我們之前建了3個列族，但是發現member_id這個列族是多余的，因為他就是主鍵，所以我們要將其刪除。

hbase(main):003:0>alter 'member',{NAME=>'member_id',METHOD=>'delete'}

ERROR: Table memberis enabled. Disable it first before altering.

報錯，刪除列族的時候必須先將表給disable掉。

hbase(main):004:0>disable 'member'??????????????????????????????????

0 row(s) in 2.0390seconds

hbase(main):005:0>alter'member',{NAME=>'member_id',METHOD=>'delete'}

0 row(s) in 0.0560seconds

hbase(main):006:0>describe 'member'

DESCRIPTION??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????ENABLED???????????????????????????????????????????????

?{NAME => 'member', FAMILIES => [{NAME=> 'address', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0',false?????????????????????????????????????????????????

? VERSIONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE',TTL => '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'fa???????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?lse', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}, {NAME =>'info', BLOOMFILTER => 'NONE', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSI???????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?ONS => '3', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', TTL=> '2147483647', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_MEMORY => 'false',????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}]}????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

1 row(s) in 0.0230seconds

該列族已經刪除，我們繼續將表enable

hbase(main):008:0> enable 'member'??

0 row(s) in 2.0420seconds

4.列出所有的表

hbase(main):028:0>list

TABLE???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

member??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

temp_table??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

2 row(s) in 0.0150seconds

5.drop一個表

hbase(main):029:0>disable 'temp_table'

0 row(s) in 2.0590seconds

hbase(main):030:0>drop 'temp_table'

0 row(s) in 1.1070seconds

6.查詢表是否存在

hbase(main):021:0>exists 'member'

Table member doesexist?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

0 row(s) in 0.1610seconds

7.判斷表是否enable

hbase(main):034:0>is_enabled 'member'

true????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

0 row(s) in 0.0110seconds

8.判斷表是否disable

hbase(main):032:0>is_disabled 'member'

false???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

0 row(s) in 0.0110seconds

三、DML操作

1.插入幾條記錄

put'member','scutshuxue','info:age','24'

put'member','scutshuxue','info:birthday','1987-06-17'

put'member','scutshuxue','info:company','alibaba'

put'member','scutshuxue','address:contry','china'

put'member','scutshuxue','address:province','zhejiang'

put'member','scutshuxue','address:city','hangzhou'

put'member','xiaofeng','info:birthday','1987-4-17'

put'member','xiaofeng','info:favorite','movie'?

put'member','xiaofeng','info:company','alibaba'

put'member','xiaofeng','address:contry','china'

put'member','xiaofeng','address:province','guangdong'

put'member','xiaofeng','address:city','jieyang'

put'member','xiaofeng','address:town','xianqiao'

2.獲取一條數據

獲取一個id的所有數據

hbase(main):001:0>get 'member','scutshuxue'

COLUMN?????????????????????????????????? CELL???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?address:city???????????????????????????timestamp=1321586240244, value=hangzhou????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?address:contry?????????????????????????timestamp=1321586239126, value=china???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?address:province???????????????????????timestamp=1321586239197, value=zhejiang????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?info:age???????????????????????????????timestamp=1321586238965, value=24??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?info:birthday??????????????????????????timestamp=1321586239015, value=1987-06-17??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?info:company???????????????????????????timestamp=1321586239071, value=alibaba?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

6 row(s) in 0.4720seconds

獲取一個id，一個列族的所有數據

hbase(main):002:0>get 'member','scutshuxue','info'

COLUMN?????????????????????????????????? CELL???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?info:age???????????????????????????????timestamp=1321586238965, value=24??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?info:birthday??????????????????????????timestamp=1321586239015, value=1987-06-17??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?info:company???????????????????????????timestamp=1321586239071, value=alibaba?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

3 row(s) in 0.0210seconds

獲取一個id，一個列族中一個列的所有數據

hbase(main):002:0>get 'member','scutshuxue','info:age'?

COLUMN?????????????????????????????????? CELL???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?info:age???????????????????????????????timestamp=1321586238965, value=24??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

1 row(s) in 0.0320seconds

6.更新一條記錄

將scutshuxue的年齡改成99

hbase(main):004:0>put 'member','scutshuxue','info:age' ,'99'

0 row(s) in 0.0210seconds

hbase(main):005:0>get 'member','scutshuxue','info:age'?

COLUMN?????????????????????????????????? CELL???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?info:age???????????????????????????????timestamp=1321586571843, value=99??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

1 row(s) in 0.0180seconds

3.通過timestamp來獲取兩個版本的數據

hbase(main):010:0>get 'member','scutshuxue',{COLUMN=>'info:age',TIMESTAMP=>1321586238965}

COLUMN?????????????????????????????????? CELL???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?info:age???????????????????????????????timestamp=1321586238965, value=24??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

1 row(s) in 0.0140seconds

hbase(main):011:0>get 'member','scutshuxue',{COLUMN=>'info:age',TIMESTAMP=>1321586571843}

COLUMN?????????????????????????????????? CELL???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?info:age???????????????????????????????timestamp=1321586571843, value=99??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

1 row(s) in 0.0180seconds

4.全表掃描：

hbase(main):013:0>scan 'member'

ROW?????????????????????????????????????COLUMN+CELL????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?scutshuxue?????????????????????????????column=address:city, timestamp=1321586240244, value=hangzhou???????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?scutshuxue?????????????????????????????column=address:contry, timestamp=1321586239126, value=china????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?scutshuxue?????????????????????????????column=address:province, timestamp=1321586239197, value=zhejiang???????????????????????????????????????????????????

?scutshuxue????????????????????????????? column=info:age,timestamp=1321586571843, value=99?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?scutshuxue?????????????????????????????column=info:birthday, timestamp=1321586239015, value=1987-06-17????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?scutshuxue?????????????????????????????column=info:company, timestamp=1321586239071, value=alibaba????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?temp???????????????????????????????????column=info:age, timestamp=1321589609775, value=59?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?xiaofeng???????????????????????????????column=address:city, timestamp=1321586248400, value=jieyang????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?xiaofeng???????????????????????????????column=address:contry, timestamp=1321586248316, value=china????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?xiaofeng???????????????????????????????column=address:province, timestamp=1321586248355, value=guangdong??????????????????????????????????????????????????

?xiaofeng???????????????????????????????column=address:town, timestamp=1321586249564, value=xianqiao???????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?xiaofeng???????????????????????????????column=info:birthday, timestamp=1321586248202, value=1987-4-17?????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?xiaofeng???????????????????????????????column=info:company, timestamp=1321586248277, value=alibaba????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?xiaofeng???????????????????????????????column=info:favorite, timestamp=1321586248241, value=movie?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

3 row(s) in 0.0570seconds

5.刪除id為temp的值的‘info:age’字段

hbase(main):016:0>delete 'member','temp','info:age'

0 row(s) in 0.0150seconds

hbase(main):018:0>get 'member','temp'

COLUMN?????????????????????????????????? CELL???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

0 row(s) in 0.0150seconds

6.刪除整行

hbase(main):001:0>deleteall 'member','xiaofeng'

0 row(s) in 0.3990seconds

7.查詢表中有多少行：

hbase(main):019:0>count 'member'????????????????????????????????????????

2 row(s) in 0.0160seconds

8.給‘xiaofeng’這個id增加'info:age'字段，并使用counter實現遞增

hbase(main):057:0*incr 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'????????????????????

COUNTER VALUE = 1

hbase(main):058:0>get 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'?

COLUMN?????????????????????????????????? CELL???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?info:age???????????????????????????????timestamp=1321590997648, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01????????????????????????????????????????????????????

1 row(s) in 0.0140seconds

hbase(main):059:0>incr 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'

COUNTER VALUE = 2

hbase(main):060:0>get 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'?

COLUMN?????????????????????????????????? CELL???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

?info:age???????????????????????????????timestamp=1321591025110, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02????????????????????????????????????????????????????

1 row(s) in 0.0160seconds

獲取當前count的值

hbase(main):069:0>get_counter 'member','xiaofeng','info:age'?

COUNTER VALUE = 2

9.將整張表清空：

hbase(main):035:0>truncate 'member'

Truncating 'member'table (it may take a while):

?- Disabling table...

?- Dropping table...

?- Creating table...

0 row(s) in 4.3430seconds

可以看出，hbase是先將掉disable掉，然后drop掉后重建表來實現truncate的功能的。

轉載于:https://my.oschina.net/sunzy/blog/175922

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