看到kong默認的代理和后臺server 都是0.0.0.0，代理到上游的服務器proxy_pass $upstream_scheme://kong_upstream;配置如下，

upstream kong_upstream {server 0.0.0.1;balancer_by_lua_block {kong.balancer()}keepalive 60; }

監聽的IP地址設置了 0.0.0.0 就表示你的nginx服務器監聽本機的所有IP地址上,通過任何一個IP地址都可以訪問到.
當發送數據的一方還不知道接收方的IP地址時，會在目的IP地址字段中使用0.0.0.0，表示未知IP地址（有時還用于表示無效IP地址）。

• In the Internet Protocol Version 4, the address 0.0.0.0 is a non-routable meta-address used to designate an invalid, unknown or non-applicable target. To give a special meaning to an otherwise invalid piece of data is an application of in-band signaling.

• In the context of servers, 0.0.0.0 means "all IPv4 addresses on the local machine". If a host has two IP addresses, 192.168.1.1 and 10.1.2.1, and a server running on the host listens on 0.0.0.0, it will be reachable at both of those IPs.

• In the context of routing, 0.0.0.0 usually means the default route, i.e. the route which leads to "the rest of" the internet instead of somewhere on the local network.
  wiki地址

轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/mentalidade/p/6834755.html

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