Django - 内置admin
Django內置的Admin是對于model中對應的數據表進行增刪改查提供的組件,使用方式有:
Django內置的Admin是對于model中對應的數據表進行增刪改查提供的組件,使用方式有:復制代碼依賴APP:django.contrib.authdjango.contrib.contenttypesdjango.contrib.messagesdjango.contrib.sessions模板的context_processors:django.contrib.auth.context_processors.authdjango.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages中間件:django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware 復制代碼 一. 配置路由urlpatterns = [url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),] 當前配置的路由可以創建一些路由映射關系:/admin/ /admin/login/ /admin/logout/ /admin/password_change/ /admin/password_change/done//admin/app名稱/model名稱/ /admin/app名稱/model名稱/add/ /admin/app名稱/model名稱/ID值/history/ /admin/app名稱/model名稱/ID值/change/ /admin/app名稱/model名稱/ID值/delete/二. 定制Admin 在admin.py中只需要講Mode中的某個類注冊,即可在Admin中實現增刪改查的功能,如:admin.site.register(models.UserInfo) 但是,這種方式比較簡單,如果想要進行更多的定制操作,需要利用ModelAdmin進行操作,如:方式一:class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):list_display = ('user', 'pwd',)admin.site.register(models.UserInfo, UserAdmin) # 第一個參數可以是列表 方式二:@admin.register(models.UserInfo) # 第一個參數可以是列表class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):list_display = ('user', 'pwd',) ModelAdmin中提供了大量的可定制功能,如1. list_display,列表時,定制顯示的列。@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):list_display = ('user', 'pwd', 'xxxxx')def xxxxx(self, obj):return "xxxxx" 2. list_display_links,列表時,定制列可以點擊跳轉。@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):list_display = ('user', 'pwd', 'xxxxx')list_display_links = ('pwd',) 3. list_filter,列表時,定制右側快速篩選。from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):list_display = ('user', 'pwd')class Ugg(admin.SimpleListFilter):title = _('decade born')parameter_name = 'xxxxxx'def lookups(self, request, model_admin):"""顯示篩選選項:param request::param model_admin::return:"""return models.UserGroup.objects.values_list('id', 'title')def queryset(self, request, queryset):"""點擊查詢時,進行篩選:param request::param queryset::return:"""v = self.value()return queryset.filter(ug=v)list_filter = ('user',Ugg,) 4. list_select_related,列表時,連表查詢是否自動select_related5. 分頁相關# 分頁,每頁顯示條數list_per_page = 100# 分頁,顯示全部(真實數據<該值時,才會有顯示全部)list_max_show_all = 200# 分頁插件paginator = Paginator 6. list_editable,列表時,可以編輯的列@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):list_display = ('user', 'pwd','ug',)list_editable = ('ug',) 7. search_fields,列表時,模糊搜索的功能@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):search_fields = ('user', 'pwd') 8. date_hierarchy,列表時,對Date和DateTime類型進行搜索@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):date_hierarchy = 'ctime' 9. preserve_filters,詳細頁面,刪除、修改,更新后跳轉回列表后,是否保留原搜索條件10. save_as = False,詳細頁面,按鈕為“Sava as new” 或 “Sava and add another”11. save_as_continue = True,點擊保存并繼續編輯save_as_continue = True# 如果 save_as=True,save_as_continue = True, 點擊Sava as new 按鈕后繼續編輯。 # 如果 save_as=True,save_as_continue = False,點擊Sava as new 按鈕后返回列表。 New in Django 1.10. 12. save_on_top = False,詳細頁面,在頁面上方是否也顯示保存刪除等按鈕13. inlines,詳細頁面,如果有其他表和當前表做FK,那么詳細頁面可以進行動態增加和刪除class UserInfoInline(admin.StackedInline): # TabularInlineextra = 0model = models.UserInfoclass GroupAdminMode(admin.ModelAdmin):list_display = ('id', 'title',)inlines = [UserInfoInline, ] 14. action,列表時,定制action中的操作@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):# 定制Action行為具體方法def func(self, request, queryset):print(self, request, queryset)print(request.POST.getlist('_selected_action'))func.short_description = "中文顯示自定義Actions"actions = [func, ]# Action選項都是在頁面上方顯示actions_on_top = True# Action選項都是在頁面下方顯示actions_on_bottom = False# 是否顯示選擇個數actions_selection_counter = True 15. 定制HTML模板add_form_template = None change_form_template = None change_list_template = None delete_confirmation_template = None delete_selected_confirmation_template = None object_history_template = None 16. raw_id_fields,詳細頁面,針對FK和M2M字段變成以Input框形式@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):raw_id_fields = ('FK字段', 'M2M字段',) 17. fields,詳細頁面時,顯示字段的字段@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):fields = ('user',) 18. exclude,詳細頁面時,排除的字段@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):exclude = ('user',) 19. readonly_fields,詳細頁面時,只讀字段@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):readonly_fields = ('user',) 20. fieldsets,詳細頁面時,使用fieldsets標簽對數據進行分割顯示@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):fieldsets = (('基本數據', {'fields': ('user', 'pwd', 'ctime',)}),('其他', {'classes': ('collapse', 'wide', 'extrapretty'), # 'collapse','wide', 'extrapretty''fields': ('user', 'pwd'),}),) 21. 詳細頁面時,M2M顯示時,數據移動選擇(方向:上下和左右)@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):filter_vertical = ("m2m字段",) # 或filter_horizontal = ("m2m字段",) 22. ordering,列表時,數據排序規則@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):ordering = ('-id',)或def get_ordering(self, request):return ['-id', ] 23. view_on_site,編輯時,是否在頁面上顯示view on setview_on_site = False 或 def view_on_site(self, obj):return 'https://www.baidu.com' 24. radio_fields,詳細頁面時,使用radio顯示選項(FK默認使用select)radio_fields = {"ug": admin.VERTICAL} # 或admin.HORIZONTAL 25. show_full_result_count = True,列表時,模糊搜索后面顯示的數據個數樣式@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):# show_full_result_count = True # 1 result (12 total)# show_full_result_count = False # 1 result (Show all)search_fields = ('user',) 26. formfield_overrides = {},詳細頁面時,指定現實插件from django.forms import widgets from django.utils.html import format_htmlclass MyTextarea(widgets.Widget):def __init__(self, attrs=None):# Use slightly better defaults than HTML's 20x2 boxdefault_attrs = {'cols': '40', 'rows': '10'}if attrs:default_attrs.update(attrs)super(MyTextarea, self).__init__(default_attrs)def render(self, name, value, attrs=None):if value is None:value = ''final_attrs = self.build_attrs(attrs, name=name)return format_html('<textarea {}>\r\n{}</textarea>',final_attrs, value)@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):formfield_overrides = {models.models.CharField: {'widget': MyTextarea},} 27. prepopulated_fields = {},添加頁面,當在某字段填入值后,自動會將值填充到指定字段。@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):prepopulated_fields = {"email": ("user","pwd",)} PS: DjangoAdmin中使用js實現功能,頁面email字段的值會在輸入:user、pwd時自動填充28. form = ModelForm,用于定制用戶請求時候表單驗證from app01 import models from django.forms import ModelForm from django.forms import fieldsclass MyForm(ModelForm):others = fields.CharField()class Meta:model = models = models.UserInfofields = "__all__"@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):form = MyForm 29. empty_value_display = "列數據為空時,顯示默認值"@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):empty_value_display = "列數據為空時,默認顯示"list_display = ('user','pwd','up')def up(self,obj):return obj.userup.empty_value_display = "指定列數據為空時,默認顯示" Admin 內部依賴?
一. 配置路由
urlpatterns = [url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),]?
當前配置的路由可以創建一些路由映射關系:
/admin/
/admin/login/
/admin/logout/
/admin/password_change/
/admin/password_change/done/
/admin/app名稱/model名稱/
/admin/app名稱/model名稱/add/
/admin/app名稱/model名稱/ID值/history/
/admin/app名稱/model名稱/ID值/change/
/admin/app名稱/model名稱/ID值/delete/
二. 定制Admin
在admin.py中只需要講Mode中的某個類注冊,即可在Admin中實現增刪改查的功能,如:
admin.site.register(models.UserInfo)?
但是,這種方式比較簡單,如果想要進行更多的定制操作,需要利用ModelAdmin進行操作,如:
方式一:class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):list_display = ('user', 'pwd',)admin.site.register(models.UserInfo, UserAdmin) # 第一個參數可以是列表 方式二:@admin.register(models.UserInfo) # 第一個參數可以是列表class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):list_display = ('user', 'pwd',)?
ModelAdmin中提供了大量的可定制功能,如
1.?list_display,列表時,定制顯示的列。
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):list_display = ('user', 'pwd', 'xxxxx')def xxxxx(self, obj):return "xxxxx"?
2.?list_display_links,列表時,定制列可以點擊跳轉。
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):list_display = ('user', 'pwd', 'xxxxx')list_display_links = ('pwd',)?
3.?list_filter,列表時,定制右側快速篩選。
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):list_display = ('user', 'pwd')class Ugg(admin.SimpleListFilter):title = _('decade born')parameter_name = 'xxxxxx'def lookups(self, request, model_admin):"""顯示篩選選項:param request::param model_admin::return:"""return models.UserGroup.objects.values_list('id', 'title')def queryset(self, request, queryset):"""點擊查詢時,進行篩選:param request::param queryset::return:"""v = self.value()return queryset.filter(ug=v)list_filter = ('user',Ugg,)?
4.?list_select_related,列表時,連表查詢是否自動select_related
5. 分頁相關
# 分頁,每頁顯示條數list_per_page = 100# 分頁,顯示全部(真實數據<該值時,才會有顯示全部)list_max_show_all = 200# 分頁插件paginator = Paginator?
6. list_editable,列表時,可以編輯的列
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):list_display = ('user', 'pwd','ug',)list_editable = ('ug',)?
7.?search_fields,列表時,模糊搜索的功能
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):search_fields = ('user', 'pwd')?
8.?date_hierarchy,列表時,對Date和DateTime類型進行搜索
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):date_hierarchy = 'ctime'?
9.?preserve_filters,詳細頁面,刪除、修改,更新后跳轉回列表后,是否保留原搜索條件
10.?save_as = False,詳細頁面,按鈕為“Sava as new” 或 “Sava and add another”
11.?save_as_continue = True,點擊保存并繼續編輯
save_as_continue = True# 如果 save_as=True,save_as_continue = True, 點擊Sava as new 按鈕后繼續編輯。 # 如果 save_as=True,save_as_continue = False,點擊Sava as new 按鈕后返回列表。 New in Django 1.10.?
12.?save_on_top = False,詳細頁面,在頁面上方是否也顯示保存刪除等按鈕
13.?inlines,詳細頁面,如果有其他表和當前表做FK,那么詳細頁面可以進行動態增加和刪除
class UserInfoInline(admin.StackedInline): # TabularInlineextra = 0model = models.UserInfoclass GroupAdminMode(admin.ModelAdmin):list_display = ('id', 'title',)inlines = [UserInfoInline, ]?
14. action,列表時,定制action中的操作
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):# 定制Action行為具體方法def func(self, request, queryset):print(self, request, queryset)print(request.POST.getlist('_selected_action'))func.short_description = "中文顯示自定義Actions"actions = [func, ]# Action選項都是在頁面上方顯示actions_on_top = True# Action選項都是在頁面下方顯示actions_on_bottom = False# 是否顯示選擇個數actions_selection_counter = True?
15. 定制HTML模板
add_form_template = None change_form_template = None change_list_template = None delete_confirmation_template = None delete_selected_confirmation_template = None object_history_template = None?
16.?raw_id_fields,詳細頁面,針對FK和M2M字段變成以Input框形式
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):raw_id_fields = ('FK字段', 'M2M字段',)?
17.?fields,詳細頁面時,顯示字段的字段
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):fields = ('user',)?
18.?exclude,詳細頁面時,排除的字段
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):exclude = ('user',)?
19.?readonly_fields,詳細頁面時,只讀字段
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):readonly_fields = ('user',)?
20.?fieldsets,詳細頁面時,使用fieldsets標簽對數據進行分割顯示
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):fieldsets = (('基本數據', {'fields': ('user', 'pwd', 'ctime',)}),('其他', {'classes': ('collapse', 'wide', 'extrapretty'), # 'collapse','wide', 'extrapretty''fields': ('user', 'pwd'),}),)?
21. 詳細頁面時,M2M顯示時,數據移動選擇(方向:上下和左右)
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):filter_vertical = ("m2m字段",) # 或filter_horizontal = ("m2m字段",)?
22.?ordering,列表時,數據排序規則
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):ordering = ('-id',)或def get_ordering(self, request):return ['-id', ]?
23.?view_on_site,編輯時,是否在頁面上顯示view on set
view_on_site = False 或 def view_on_site(self, obj):return 'https://www.baidu.com'?
24.?radio_fields,詳細頁面時,使用radio顯示選項(FK默認使用select)
radio_fields = {"ug": admin.VERTICAL} # 或admin.HORIZONTAL?
25.?show_full_result_count = True,列表時,模糊搜索后面顯示的數據個數樣式
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):# show_full_result_count = True # 1 result (12 total)# show_full_result_count = False # 1 result (Show all)search_fields = ('user',)?
26. formfield_overrides = {},詳細頁面時,指定現實插件
from django.forms import widgets from django.utils.html import format_htmlclass MyTextarea(widgets.Widget):def __init__(self, attrs=None):# Use slightly better defaults than HTML's 20x2 boxdefault_attrs = {'cols': '40', 'rows': '10'}if attrs:default_attrs.update(attrs)super(MyTextarea, self).__init__(default_attrs)def render(self, name, value, attrs=None):if value is None:value = ''final_attrs = self.build_attrs(attrs, name=name)return format_html('<textarea {}>\r\n{}</textarea>',final_attrs, value)@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):formfield_overrides = {models.models.CharField: {'widget': MyTextarea},}?
27.?prepopulated_fields = {},添加頁面,當在某字段填入值后,自動會將值填充到指定字段。
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):prepopulated_fields = {"email": ("user","pwd",)}?
PS: DjangoAdmin中使用js實現功能,頁面email字段的值會在輸入:user、pwd時自動填充
28. form = ModelForm,用于定制用戶請求時候表單驗證
from app01 import models from django.forms import ModelForm from django.forms import fieldsclass MyForm(ModelForm):others = fields.CharField()class Meta:model = models = models.UserInfofields = "__all__"@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):form = MyForm?
29. empty_value_display = "列數據為空時,顯示默認值"
@admin.register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):empty_value_display = "列數據為空時,默認顯示"list_display = ('user','pwd','up')def up(self,obj):return obj.userup.empty_value_display = "指定列數據為空時,默認顯示"?
轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/Ryan-Yuan/p/11587333.html
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