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【DG】Oracle 19c使用dbca来搭建物理DG

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【DG】Oracle 19c使用dbca來搭建物理DG（12cR2可以使用但主庫必須是單機非CDB的庫，18c無限制）

Using DBCA to Create a Data Guard Standby

The Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA) can also be used as a simple command-line method to create an Oracle Data Guard physical standby database.

The DBCA command qualifier used to create the physical standby database is createDuplicateDB .

DBCA can only be used to create standby databases for non-multitenant primary databases. In addition, this capability creates only single instance standby databases,not Oracle Real Application Clusters (Oracle RAC) databases. If required, the standby can then be converted to an Oracle RAC standby database, either manually or using Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control.

在?12cR2?（?12.2.0.1?）之前創建物理備庫的方法有：

1?、使用?RMAN?備份恢復方法；

2?、在?11g?時可以選擇?duplicate?方式創建物理備庫；通過這種方式直接在線從主庫搭建物理備庫。

到?12cR2?（?12.2.0.1?）后，?Oracle?又提供更簡單的方式來創建物理備庫，即使用?DBCA?方式直接建立物理備庫。這個功能再次簡化了創建備庫的復雜度。

通過?DBCA?提供的參數?createDuplicateDB?可以很容易的搭建一個物理備庫。其具體語法如下：

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70

--------------?12cR2 -createDuplicateDB?-?Command?to?Duplicate?a?database. ????????-gdbName?<Global?database?name> ????????-primaryDBConnectionString?<EZCONNECT?string?to?connect?to?primary?database?for?example?"host:port/servicename"> ????????-sid?<Database?system?identifier> ????????[-createAsStandby?<Option?to?create?a?standby?database>] ????????????????[-dbUniqueName?<db_unique_name?for?standby?db>] ????????[-customScripts?<A?comma?separated?list?of?SQL?scripts?which?needs?to?be?run?post?db?creation.The?scripts?are?run?in?order?they?are?listed>] ????????[-datafileDestination?<Destination?directory?for?all?database?files>] ????????[-initParams?<Comma?separated?list?of?name=value?pairs>] ????????????????[-initParamsEscapeChar?<Specify?escape?character?for?comma?when?a?specific?initParam?has?multiple?values.If?the?escape?character?is?not?specified?backslash?is?the?default?escape?character>] ?? ?? ?? -----------?18c -createDuplicateDB?-?Command?to?Duplicate?a?database. ????????-gdbName?<Global?database?name> ????????-primaryDBConnectionString?<EZCONNECT?string?to?connect?to?primary?database?for?example?"host:port/servicename"> ????????-sid?<Database?system?identifier> ????????[-initParams?<Comma?separated?list?of?name=value?pairs>] ????????????????[-initParamsEscapeChar?<Specify?escape?character?for?comma?when?a?specific?initParam?has?multiple?values.If?the?escape?character?is?not?specified?backslash?is?the?default?escape?character>] ????????[-policyManaged?|?-adminManaged] ????????[-policyManaged?<Policy?managed?database,?default?option?is?Admin?managed?database>] ????????????????-serverPoolName?<Specify?the?single?server?pool?name?in?case?of?create?server?pool?or?comma?separated?list?in?case?of?existing?server?pools> ????????????????[-pqPoolName?<value>] ????????????????[-createServerPool?<Create?a?new?server?pool,?which?will?be?used?by?the?database>] ????????????????????????[-pqPoolName?<value>] ????????????????????????[-forceServerPoolCreation?<To?create?server?pool?by?force?when?adequate?free?servers?are?not?available.?This?may?affect?the?database?which?is?already?in?running?mode>] ????????????????????????[-pqCardinality?<value>] ????????????????????????[-cardinality?<Specify?the?cardinality?of?the?new?server?pool?that?is?to?be?created,?default?is?the?number?of?qualified?nodes>] ????????[-adminManaged?<Admin?managed?database,?this?is?default?option>] ????????[-datafileDestination?<Destination?directory?for?all?database?files>] ????????[-nodelist?<Node?names?separated?by?comma?for?the?database>] ????????[-databaseConfigType?<SINGLE?|?RAC?|?RACONENODE>] ????????????????[-RACOneNodeServiceName?<Service?name?for?the?service?to?be?created?for?RAC?One?Node?database.?This?option?is?mandatory?when?the?databaseConfigType?is?RACONENODE>] ????????[-createAsStandby?<Option?to?create?a?standby?database>] ????????????????[-dbUniqueName?<db_unique_name?for?standby?db>] ????????[-customScripts?<A?comma?separated?list?of?SQL?scripts?which?needs?to?be?run?post?db?creation.The?scripts?are?run?in?order?they?are?listed>] ?? ?? ?? ?? -----------?19c ?? -createDuplicateDB?-?Command?to?Duplicate?a?database. ????????-gdbName?<Global?database?name> ????????-primaryDBConnectionString?<EZCONNECT?string?to?connect?to?primary?database?for?example?"host:port/servicename"> ????????-sid?<Database?system?identifier> ????????[-useWalletForDBCredentials?<true?|?false>?Specify?true?to?load?database?credentials?from?wallet] ????????????????-dbCredentialsWalletLocation?<Path?of?the?directory?containing?the?wallet?files> ????????????????[-dbCredentialsWalletPassword?<Password?to?open?wallet?with?auto?login?disabled>] ????????[-initParams?<Comma?separated?list?of?name=value?pairs>] ????????????????[-initParamsEscapeChar?<Specify?escape?character?for?comma?when?a?specific?initParam?has?multiple?values.If?the?escape?character?is?not?specified?backslash?is?the?default?escape?character>] ????????[-policyManaged?|?-adminManaged] ????????[-policyManaged?<Policy?managed?database,?default?option?is?Admin?managed?database>] ????????????????-serverPoolName?<Specify?the?single?server?pool?name?in?case?of?create?server?pool?or?comma?separated?list?in?case?of?existing?server?pools> ????????????????[-pqPoolName?<value>] ????????????????[-createServerPool?<Create?a?new?server?pool,?which?will?be?used?by?the?database>] ????????????????????????[-pqPoolName?<value>] ????????????????????????[-forceServerPoolCreation?<To?create?server?pool?by?force?when?adequate?free?servers?are?not?available.?This?may?affect?the?database?which?is?already?in?running?mode>] ????????????????????????[-pqCardinality?<value>] ????????????????????????[-cardinality?<Specify?the?cardinality?of?the?new?server?pool?that?is?to?be?created,?default?is?the?number?of?qualified?nodes>] ????????[-adminManaged?<Admin?managed?database,?this?is?default?option>] ????????[-datafileDestination?<Destination?directory?for?all?database?files>] ????????[-nodelist?<Node?names?separated?by?comma?for?the?database>] ????????[-databaseConfigType?<SINGLE?|?RAC?|?RACONENODE>] ????????????????[-RACOneNodeServiceName?<Service?name?for?the?service?to?be?created?for?RAC?One?Node?database.?This?option?is?mandatory?when?the?databaseConfigType?is?RACONENODE>] ????????[-createAsStandby?<Option?to?create?a?standby?database>] ????????????????[-dbUniqueName?<db_unique_name?for?standby?db>] ????????[-customScripts?<A?comma?separated?list?of?SQL?scripts?which?needs?to?be?run?post?db?creation.The?scripts?are?run?in?order?they?are?listed>]

雖然通過?DBCA?能非常簡單的創建一個物理備庫，但是要使用這個功能，必須滿足以下條件：

①　?主庫必須是單機環境，非?RAC?數據庫；

②　?主庫必須是非?CDB?環境；

如果不滿足以上條件，?那么?在使用?DBCA?創建備庫的時候，會提示如下錯誤：

若?主庫是?CDB?環境，錯誤如下：

1 2	[FATAL]?[DBT-16057]?Specified?primary?database?is?a?container?database?(CDB). CAUSE:?Duplicate?database?operation?is?supported?only?for?non?container?databases.

若?主庫是?RAC?數據庫，錯誤如下：

1 2	[FATAL]?[DBT-16056]?Specified?primary?database?is?not?a?Single?Instance?(SI)?database. CAUSE:?Duplicate?database?operation?is?supported?only?for?SI?databases.

也就說通過?DBCA?搭建出來的備庫也是一個單機非?CDB?的備庫。

需要注意的是，在?12cR2?（?12.2.0.1?）中，通過?DBCA?創建物理需要保證主庫是單機非?CDB?的庫，但是從?Oracle 18c?（?12.2.0.2?）開始，這些限制條件已經取消了，即主庫是?CDB?或?rac?環境都可以通過?dbca?來創建物理備庫。

以下命令為?18c?中創建?rac?類型的?dg?：

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

dbca?-silent?-createDuplicateDB?\ -gdbName?lhrdb?\ -sid?lhrdbdg?\ -sysPassword?oracle?\ -primaryDBConnectionString?192.168.20.10:1521/lhrdb?\ -nodelist?rac18c-n1,rac18c-n2?\ -adminManaged?\ -databaseConfigType?RAC?\ -createAsStandby?-dbUniqueName?lhrdbdg?\ -datafileDestination?'+DATA'?\ -initParams?db_create_file_dest=+DATA,?db_create_online_log_dest_1=+DATA,local_listener="(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.20.10)(PORT=1521)))"

基于同一個主機搭建?單實例的物理?DG?（?19c?）：

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141

SELECT?CDB?FROM??V$DATABASE;? alter?database?force?logging; alter?database?open; alter?database?archivelog; alter?pluggable?database?all?open; alter?pluggable?database??all?save?state; ?? select?thread#,group#,bytes/1024/1024?SIZE_MB,?status,members?from?v$log; select?member?from?v$logfile; alter?database?add?standby?logfile?thread?1?group?4?'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LHR19C/standby_redo04.log'???size?50M?; alter?database?add?standby?logfile?thread?1?group?5?'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LHR19C/standby_redo05.log'???size?50M?; alter?database?add?standby?logfile?thread?1?group?6?'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LHR19C/standby_redo06.log'???size?50M?; alter?database?add?standby?logfile?thread?1?group?7?'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LHR19C/standby_redo07.log'???size?50M?; ?? --------配置tns lhr19c?= ??(DESCRIPTION?= ????(ADDRESS?=?(PROTOCOL?=?TCP)(HOST?=?192.168.59.52)(PORT?=?1522)) ????(CONNECT_DATA?= ??????(SERVER?=?DEDICATED) ??????(SERVICE_NAME?=?lhr19c) ????) ??) ?? lhr19cdg?= ??(DESCRIPTION?= ????(ADDRESS?=?(PROTOCOL?=?TCP)(HOST?=?192.168.59.52)(PORT?=?1522)) ????(CONNECT_DATA?= ??????(SERVER?=?DEDICATED) ??????(SERVICE_NAME?=?lhr19cdg) ????) ??) ?? --------配置監聽 LISTENER?= ??(DESCRIPTION_LIST?= ????(DESCRIPTION?= ??????(ADDRESS?=?(PROTOCOL?=?TCP)(HOST?=?192.168.59.52)(PORT?=?1521)) ????) ??) ?? SID_LIST_LISTENER?= ??(SID_LIST?= ????(SID_DESC?= ??????(GLOBAL_DBNAME?=?lhr19c) ??????(ORACLE_HOME?=?/u01/app/oracle/product/19.2.0/dbhome_1) ??????(SID_NAME?=?lhr19c) ????) ????(SID_DESC?= ??????(GLOBAL_DBNAME?=?lhr19cdg) ??????(ORACLE_HOME?=?/u01/app/oracle/product/19.2.0/dbhome_1) ??????(SID_NAME?=?lhr19cdg) ????) ??) ?? LISTENER_DG?= ??(DESCRIPTION?= ????(ADDRESS?=?(PROTOCOL?=?TCP)(HOST?=?192.168.59.52)(PORT?=?1522)) ??) ?? SID_LIST_LISTENER_DG?= ??(SID_LIST?= ????(SID_DESC?= ??????(GLOBAL_DBNAME?=?lhr19c) ??????(ORACLE_HOME?=?/u01/app/oracle/product/19.2.0/dbhome_1) ??????(SID_NAME?=?lhr19c) ????) ????(SID_DESC?= ??????(GLOBAL_DBNAME?=?lhr19cdg) ??????(ORACLE_HOME?=?/u01/app/oracle/product/19.2.0/dbhome_1) ??????(SID_NAME?=?lhr19cdg) ????) ??) ?? lsnrctl?start?LISTENER_DG ?? ?? dbca?-silent?-createDuplicateDB?\ -gdbName?lhr19c?\ -sid?lhr19cdg?\ -sysPassword?lhr?\ -primaryDBConnectionString?192.168.59.52:1522/lhr19c?\ -nodelist?raclhr-18c-n1?\ -databaseConfigType?SINGLE?\ -createAsStandby?-dbUniqueName?lhr19cdg?\ -datafileDestination?'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhr19cdg/'?\ -initParams?db_create_file_dest=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhr19cdg/,?db_create_online_log_dest_1=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhr19cdg/,local_listener="(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.59.52)(PORT=1522)))" ?? ?? ?? ?? --主庫修改參數 alter?system?set?LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST??VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)?DB_UNIQUE_NAME=lhr19c'; alter?system?set?LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='service=lhr19cdg??VALID_FOR=(online_logfiles,primary_role)?DB_UNIQUE_NAME=lhr19cdg'; alter?system?set?log_archive_config='dg_config=(lhr19c,lhr19cdg)'; alter?system?set?db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LHR19CDG/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LHR19C/'?scope=spfile; alter?system?set?log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LHR19CDG/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LHR19C/'?scope=spfile; alter?system?set?standby_file_management=auto?scope=spfile; alter?system?set?fal_client='lhr19c';? alter?system?set?fal_server='lhr19cdg'?sid='*'; alter?system?set?local_listener='(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.59.52)(PORT=1522)))','(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.59.52)(PORT=1521)))'; shutdown?immediate startup ?? ?? --備庫修改參數 alter?system?set?LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST??VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)?DB_UNIQUE_NAME=lhr19cdg'?scope=spfile; alter?system?set?log_archive_config='dg_config=(lhr19c,lhr19cdg)'; alter?system?set?db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LHR19C/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LHR19CDG/'?scope=spfile; alter?system?set?log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LHR19C/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LHR19CDG/'?scope=spfile; alter?system?set?standby_file_management=auto?scope=spfile; alter?system?set?fal_client='lhr19cdg';? alter?system?set?fal_server='lhr19c'?sid='*'; alter?system?set?local_listener='(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.59.52)(PORT=1522)))','(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.59.52)(PORT=1521)))'; ?? shutdown?immediate startup alter?system?register; ?? ?? --備庫查詢實時應用 alter?database?recover?managed?standby?database?cancel; alter?database?recover?managed?standby?database?using?current?logfile?disconnect; !?ps?-ef|grep?ora_mrp ?? select?INST_ID,?dbid,name,DB_UNIQUE_NAME,current_scn,protection_mode,database_role,force_logging,open_mode,switchover_status?from?gv$database; ?? COL?NAME?FOR?A100 SET?LINESIZE?9999??PAGESIZE?9999 COL?NEXT_CHANGE#?FOR?999999999999999 SELECT?THREAD#,?NAME,?SEQUENCE#,?ARCHIVED,?APPLIED,?A.NEXT_CHANGE# ??FROM?V$ARCHIVED_LOG?A ?WHERE?A.SEQUENCE#?>=?(SELECT?MAX(B.SEQUENCE#)?-?3 ?????????????????????????FROM?V$ARCHIVED_LOG?B ????????????????????????WHERE?B.THREAD#?=?A.THREAD# ??????????????????????????AND?B.RESETLOGS_CHANGE#?=?A.RESETLOGS_CHANGE# ??????????????????????????AND?B.RESETLOGS_CHANGE#?= ??????????????????????????????(SELECT?D.RESETLOGS_CHANGE#?FROM?V$DATABASE?D) ??????????????????????????AND?B.APPLIED?=?'YES'? ??GROUP?BY?B.THREAD#) ?ORDER?BY?A.THREAD#,?A.SEQUENCE#;

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