許多開(kāi)發(fā)者，在做智慧教室同屏、會(huì)議同屏之類的方案時(shí)，基于Andriod平臺(tái)的采集，往往遇到各種各樣的問(wèn)題，以下就幾個(gè)點(diǎn)，拋磚引玉：

1. 內(nèi)網(wǎng)環(huán)境下，組播還是RTMP？

回答：這個(gè)問(wèn)題，被無(wú)數(shù)的開(kāi)發(fā)者問(wèn)到，為此，單獨(dú)寫了篇博客論證：https://blog.csdn.net/renhui1112/article/details/86741428，感興趣的可以參考下，簡(jiǎn)單來(lái)說(shuō)，能RTMP的，就RTMP，如果真是內(nèi)網(wǎng)環(huán)境下，沒(méi)有并發(fā)瓶頸的同屏，可以啟動(dòng)內(nèi)置RTSP服務(wù)（走單播），然后，其他終端拉流也不失為一個(gè)好的方案。

2. 推送分辨率如何設(shè)定或縮放？

回答：一般來(lái)說(shuō)，好多Android設(shè)備，特別是高分屏，拿到的視頻原始寬高非常大，如果推原始分辨率，編碼和上行壓力大，所以，一般建議，適當(dāng)縮放，比如寬高縮放至2/3，縮放一般建議等比例縮放，此外，縮放寬高建議16字節(jié)對(duì)齊。

廢話不多說(shuō)，上實(shí)例代碼：

private void createScreenEnvironment() {sreenWindowWidth = mWindowManager.getDefaultDisplay().getWidth();screenWindowHeight = mWindowManager.getDefaultDisplay().getHeight();Log.i(TAG, "screenWindowWidth: " + sreenWindowWidth + ",screenWindowHeight: "+ screenWindowHeight);if (sreenWindowWidth > 800){if (screenResolution == SCREEN_RESOLUTION_STANDARD){scale_rate = SCALE_RATE_HALF;sreenWindowWidth = align(sreenWindowWidth / 2, 16);screenWindowHeight = align(screenWindowHeight / 2, 16);}else if(screenResolution == SCREEN_RESOLUTION_LOW){scale_rate = SCALE_RATE_TWO_FIFTHS;sreenWindowWidth = align(sreenWindowWidth * 2 / 5, 16);}}Log.i(TAG, "After adjust mWindowWidth: " + sreenWindowWidth + ", mWindowHeight: " + screenWindowHeight);int pf = mWindowManager.getDefaultDisplay().getPixelFormat();Log.i(TAG, "display format:" + pf);DisplayMetrics displayMetrics = new DisplayMetrics();mWindowManager.getDefaultDisplay().getMetrics(displayMetrics);mScreenDensity = displayMetrics.densityDpi;mImageReader = ImageReader.newInstance(sreenWindowWidth,screenWindowHeight, 0x1, 6);mMediaProjectionManager = (MediaProjectionManager) getSystemService(Context.MEDIA_PROJECTION_SERVICE);}

3. 橫豎屏自動(dòng)適配

回答：因?yàn)闄M豎屏狀態(tài)下，采集的屏幕寬高不一樣，如果橫豎屏切換，這個(gè)時(shí)候，需要考慮到橫豎屏適配問(wèn)題，確保比如豎屏狀態(tài)下，切換到橫屏?xí)r，推拉流兩端可以自動(dòng)適配，橫豎屏自動(dòng)適配，編碼器需要重啟，拉流端，需要能自動(dòng)適配寬高變化，自動(dòng)播放。

4. 一定的補(bǔ)幀策略

回答：好多人不理解為什么要補(bǔ)幀，實(shí)際上，屏幕采集的時(shí)候，屏幕不動(dòng)的話，不會(huì)一直有數(shù)據(jù)下去，這個(gè)時(shí)候，比較好的做法是，保存最后一幀數(shù)據(jù)，設(shè)定一定的補(bǔ)幀間隔，確保不會(huì)因?yàn)閹g距太大，導(dǎo)致播放端幾秒都收不到數(shù)據(jù)，當(dāng)然，如果服務(wù)器可以緩存GOP，這個(gè)問(wèn)題迎刃而解。

5. 異常網(wǎng)絡(luò)處理、事件回調(diào)機(jī)制

回答：如果是走RTMP，網(wǎng)絡(luò)抖動(dòng)或者其他網(wǎng)絡(luò)異常，需要有好重連機(jī)制和狀態(tài)回饋機(jī)制。

class EventHandeV2 implements NTSmartEventCallbackV2 {@Overridepublic void onNTSmartEventCallbackV2(long handle, int id, long param1, long param2, String param3, String param4, Object param5) {Log.i(TAG, "EventHandeV2: handle=" + handle + " id:" + id);String publisher_event = "";switch (id) {case NTSmartEventID.EVENT_DANIULIVE_ERC_PUBLISHER_STARTED:publisher_event = "開(kāi)始..";break;case NTSmartEventID.EVENT_DANIULIVE_ERC_PUBLISHER_CONNECTING:publisher_event = "連接中..";break;case NTSmartEventID.EVENT_DANIULIVE_ERC_PUBLISHER_CONNECTION_FAILED:publisher_event = "連接失敗..";break;case NTSmartEventID.EVENT_DANIULIVE_ERC_PUBLISHER_CONNECTED:publisher_event = "連接成功..";break;case NTSmartEventID.EVENT_DANIULIVE_ERC_PUBLISHER_DISCONNECTED:publisher_event = "連接斷開(kāi)..";break;case NTSmartEventID.EVENT_DANIULIVE_ERC_PUBLISHER_STOP:publisher_event = "關(guān)閉..";break;case NTSmartEventID.EVENT_DANIULIVE_ERC_PUBLISHER_RECORDER_START_NEW_FILE:publisher_event = "開(kāi)始一個(gè)新的錄像文件 : " + param3;break;case NTSmartEventID.EVENT_DANIULIVE_ERC_PUBLISHER_ONE_RECORDER_FILE_FINISHED:publisher_event = "已生成一個(gè)錄像文件 : " + param3;break;case NTSmartEventID.EVENT_DANIULIVE_ERC_PUBLISHER_SEND_DELAY:publisher_event = "發(fā)送時(shí)延: " + param1 + " 幀數(shù):" + param2;break;case NTSmartEventID.EVENT_DANIULIVE_ERC_PUBLISHER_CAPTURE_IMAGE:publisher_event = "快照: " + param1 + " 路徑：" + param3;if (param1 == 0) {publisher_event = publisher_event + "截取快照成功..";} else {publisher_event = publisher_event + "截取快照失敗..";}break;case NTSmartEventID.EVENT_DANIULIVE_ERC_PUBLISHER_RTSP_URL:publisher_event = "RTSP服務(wù)URL: " + param3;break;case NTSmartEventID.EVENT_DANIULIVE_ERC_PUSH_RTSP_SERVER_RESPONSE_STATUS_CODE:publisher_event ="RTSP status code received, codeID: " + param1 + ", RTSP URL: " + param3;break;case NTSmartEventID.EVENT_DANIULIVE_ERC_PUSH_RTSP_SERVER_NOT_SUPPORT:publisher_event ="服務(wù)器不支持RTSP推送, 推送的RTSP URL: " + param3;break;}String str = "當(dāng)前回調(diào)狀態(tài)：" + publisher_event;Log.i(TAG, str);Message message = new Message();message.what = PUBLISHER_EVENT_MSG;message.obj = publisher_event;handler.sendMessage(message);}}

6. 部分屏幕數(shù)據(jù)采集

回答：我們遇到的好多場(chǎng)景下，教室端，會(huì)拿出來(lái)3/4的區(qū)域用來(lái)投遞給學(xué)生看，1/4的區(qū)域，用來(lái)做一些指令等操作，這個(gè)時(shí)候，就需要考慮屏幕區(qū)域裁剪，接口可做如下設(shè)計(jì)：

/*** 投遞裁剪過(guò)的RGBA數(shù)據(jù)** @param data: RGBA data** @param rowStride: stride information** @param width: width** @param height: height** @param clipedLeft: 左; clipedTop: 上; clipedwidth: 裁剪后的寬; clipedHeight: 裁剪后的高; 確保傳下去裁剪后的寬、高均為偶數(shù)** @return {0} if successful*/public native int SmartPublisherOnCaptureVideoClipedRGBAData(long handle, ByteBuffer data, int rowStride, int width, int height, int clipedLeft, int clipedTop, int clipedWidth, int clipedHeight); //實(shí)際裁剪比例，可酌情自行調(diào)整int left = 100;int cliped_left = 0;int top = 0;int cliped_top = 0;int cliped_width = width_;int cliped_height = height_;if(scale_rate == SCALE_RATE_HALF){cliped_left = left / 2;cliped_top = top / 2;//寬度裁剪后，展示3/4比例cliped_width = (width_ *3)/4;//高度不做裁剪cliped_height = height_;}else if(scale_rate == SCALE_RATE_TWO_FIFTHS){cliped_left = left * 2 / 5;cliped_top = top * 2 / 5;//寬度裁剪后，展示3/4比例cliped_width = (width_ *3)/4;//高度不做裁剪cliped_height = height_;}if(cliped_width % 2 != 0){cliped_width = cliped_width + 1;}if(cliped_height % 2 != 0){cliped_height = cliped_height + 1;}if ( (cliped_left + cliped_width) > width_){Log.e(TAG, " invalid cliped region settings, cliped_left: " + cliped_left + " cliped_width:" + cliped_width + " width:" + width_);return;}if ( (cliped_top + cliped_height) > height_){Log.e(TAG, "invalid cliped region settings, cliped_top: " + cliped_top + " cliped_height:" + cliped_height + " height:" + height_);return;}//Log.i(TAG, " clipLeft: " + cliped_left + " clipTop: " + cliped_top + " clipWidth: " + cliped_width + " clipHeight: " + cliped_height);libPublisher.SmartPublisherOnCaptureVideoClipedRGBAData(publisherHandle, last_buffer, row_stride_,width_, height_, cliped_left, cliped_top, cliped_width, cliped_height );

7. 文字、圖片水印

回答：好多場(chǎng)景下，同屏者會(huì)把公司logo，和一定的文字信息展示在推送端，這個(gè)時(shí)候，需要考慮到文字和圖片水印問(wèn)題，具體可參考如下接口設(shè)置：

/*** Set Text water-mark(設(shè)置文字水印)* * @param fontSize: it should be "MEDIUM", "SMALL", "BIG"* * @param waterPostion: it should be "TOPLEFT", "TOPRIGHT", "BOTTOMLEFT", "BOTTOMRIGHT".* * @param xPading, yPading: the distance of the original picture.* * <pre> The interface is only used for setting font water-mark when publishing stream. </pre> * * @return {0} if successful*/public native int SmartPublisherSetTextWatermark(long handle, String waterText, int isAppendTime, int fontSize, int waterPostion, int xPading, int yPading);/*** Set Text water-mark font file name(設(shè)置文字水印字體路徑)** @param fontFileName: font full file name, e.g: /system/fonts/DroidSansFallback.ttf** @return {0} if successful*/public native int SmartPublisherSetTextWatermarkFontFileName(long handle, String fontFileName);/*** Set picture water-mark(設(shè)置png圖片水印)* * @param picPath: the picture working path, e.g: /sdcard/logo.png* * @param waterPostion: it should be "TOPLEFT", "TOPRIGHT", "BOTTOMLEFT", "BOTTOMRIGHT".* * @param picWidth, picHeight: picture width & height* * @param xPading, yPading: the distance of the original picture.* * <pre> The interface is only used for setting picture(logo) water-mark when publishing stream, with "*.png" format </pre> * * @return {0} if successful*/public native int SmartPublisherSetPictureWatermark(long handle, String picPath, int waterPostion, int picWidth, int picHeight, int xPading, int yPading);

總結(jié)：其實(shí)一個(gè)好的同屏系統(tǒng)，需要考慮的地方遠(yuǎn)不止以上幾點(diǎn)，比如編碼參數(shù)策略等，都需要考量，后續(xù)有機(jī)會(huì)再和大家做進(jìn)一步分享。

總結(jié)

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