部分資料摘自http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-25513153-id-212328.html

Quagga是一款功能比較強(qiáng)大的開源路由軟件，支持rip,ripng,ospfv2,ospfv3，bgp等協(xié)議。目前最新版本為Quagga

0.99.17。安裝Quagga的目的是使裝有l(wèi)inux(我采用的是Ubuntu10.04LTS)系統(tǒng)的電腦變成一臺路由器，以便今后的實(shí)驗(yàn)。之所以選擇Quagga是因?yàn)樗牟僮骱虲isco的操作是比較相似的。今天用到的電腦需要多塊網(wǎng)卡支持(至少兩塊)。

安裝Quagga

首先下載Quagga

0.99.17到硬盤，然后在終端輸入

tar –zxvf quagga-0.99.17.tar.gz

進(jìn)入目錄

#cd quagga-0.99.17

配置

#./configure --enable-vtysh

--enable-user=root

--enable-group=root

--enable-vty-group=root

上述命令為打開vty功能(CLI功能)并給予相應(yīng)用戶權(quán)限,另有一些初始化配置見文檔中.配置完成后會有一些信息表明quagga安裝完成后相關(guān)文件所在位置。

此時(shí)出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤：

checking for syslog.h... yes

checking for wchar.h... yes

checking for wctype.h... yes

checking for sys/sysctl.h... yes

checking for sys/sockio.h... no

checking for kvm.h... no

checking for sys/conf.h... no

checking for ucontext.h... yes

checking for special C compiler options needed for large files...

no

checking for _FILE_OFFSET_BITS value needed for large files...

64

checking for perl... /usr/bin/perl

checking for tputs in -ltermcap... yes

checking for main in -lreadline... no

configure: error: vtysh needs libreadline but was not found and

usable on your system.

zinkin@zinkin-desktop:~/quagga/quagga-0.99.17$

zinkin@zinkin-desktop:~/quagga/quagga-0.99.17$

--enable-user=root

--enable-user=root: command not found

zinkin@zinkin-desktop:~/quagga/quagga-0.99.17$

zinkin@zinkin-desktop:~/quagga/quagga-0.99.17$

--enable-group=root

--enable-group=root: command not found

zinkin@zinkin-desktop:~/quagga/quagga-0.99.17$

注：

①./configure是用來檢測你的安裝平臺的目標(biāo)特征的(比如它會檢查是否有編輯器、函數(shù)庫，CC或GCC等等)，并根據(jù)配置信息生產(chǎn)相應(yīng)的makefile，它是個(gè)shell腳本。

②./configure –h

輸入此命令會一一列出當(dāng)前配置環(huán)境所有配置選項(xiàng)

③此輸入選項(xiàng)含義為，

啟用相應(yīng)服務(wù)程序，并對不用的服務(wù)程序進(jìn)行關(guān)閉，其中--enable- user=root --enable-group=root

是限定quagg軟件的使用權(quán)限。

④配置時(shí)易出現(xiàn)如下錯(cuò)誤：

/usr/local/lib/libreadline.so:

undefined reference to `PC'

/usr/local/lib/libreadline.so:

undefined reference to `tgetflag'

/usr/local/lib/libreadline.so:

undefined reference to `tgetent'

/usr/local/lib/libreadline.so:

undefined reference to `UP'

/usr/local/lib/libreadline.so:

undefined reference to `tputs'

/usr/local/lib/libreadline.so:

undefined reference to `tgoto'

/usr/local/lib/libreadline.so:

undefined reference to `tgetnum'

/usr/local/lib/libreadline.so:

undefined reference to `BC'

/usr/local/lib/libreadline.so:

undefined reference to `tgetstr'

checking for perl...

/usr/bin/perl

checking for tputs in -ltermcap... no

checking for tputs in -ltinfo... no

checking for tputs in -lcurses... no

checking for tputs in -lncurses... no

checking for main in -lreadline... no

configure:

error: vtysh needs libreadline but was not found and usable on your

system

解決方法：

1?看readline軟件包是否安裝

sudo apt-get install

libreadline5-dev

2?是否安裝ncurses安裝包

sudo apt-get install

libncurses5-dev

3?是否安裝libncurses5-dev

或libncursesw5-dev軟件包

sudo apt-get install

libncursesw5-dev

安裝完成之后再重新用配置命令

#./configure --enable-vtysh

#./configure --enable-user=root

#./configure --enable-group=root

#./configure --enable-vty-group=root

之后編譯與安裝

#make

#make install

之后出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤

/usr/bin/install: cannot create regular file`/usr/local/lib/libprotobuf.so.0.0.0':

Permission denied

make[3]: *** [install-libLTLIBRARIES] Error 1

make[3]: Exit from catalogue

`/home/alexe/downloads/proto2/protobuf-2.0.0beta/src'

make[2]: *** [install-am] Error 2

make[2]: Exit from catalogue

`/home/alexe/downloads/proto2/protobuf-2.0.0beta/src'

make[1]: *** [install] Error 2

make[1]: Exit from catalogue

`/home/alexe/downloads/proto2/protobuf-2.0.0beta/src'

make: *** [install-recursive] Error 1

可以采用

＃sudo make

＃sudo make install

3.修改文件/etc/services,添加如下內(nèi)容(某些版本Ubuntu已有,就不用添加了)

zebrasrv 2600/tcp # zebra service

zebra 2601/tcp # zebra vty

ripd 2602/tcp # RIPd vty

ripngd 2603/tcp # RIPngd vty

ospfd 2604/tcp # OSPFd vty

bgpd 2605/tcp # BGPd vty

ospf6d 2606/tcp # OSPF6d vty

ospfapi 2607/tcp # ospfapi

isid 2608/tcp # ISISd vty

之后查看/etc/services，這個(gè)文件，發(fā)現(xiàn)已經(jīng)里面有上面這段東西了。

quagga文件夾下/zebra有一個(gè)zebra.conf.sample文件,需建立一個(gè)zebra.conf文件并把zebra.conf.sample內(nèi)容copy進(jìn)去.

啟動Quagga

在終端輸入zebra -d即可啟動quagga。有可能出現(xiàn)以下錯(cuò)誤：

zebra: error while loading shared libraries:

libzebra.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or

directory

解決方法：

在/usr/local/lib下有

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 2010-06-21 01:52

libzebra.so -> libzebra.so.0.0.0

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 2010-06-21 01:52

libzebra.so.0 -> libzebra.so.0.0.0

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 778556 2010-06-21 01:52

libzebra.so.0.0.0

這可能是由于/lib庫出現(xiàn)問題：則

zinkin@zinkin-desktop:~/quagga/quagga-0.99.17$ cd

/usr/local/lib

zinkin@zinkin-desktop:/usr/local/lib$ cp libzebra.* /lib

zinkin@zinkin-desktop:/usr/local/lib$ sudo rm libzebra.*

在終端輸入zebra -d即可啟動quagga。

zinkin@zinkin-desktop:~/quagga/quagga-0.99.17$ zebra -d

privs_init: could not lookup user quagga

[root@localhost1 quagga-0.99.15]#

zebra

privs_init: could not lookup user quagga

[root@localhost1 quagga-0.99.15]# zebra

--help

Usage : zebra [OPTION...]

Daemon which manages kernel routing table management and

redistribution between different routing protocols.

-b,

--batch?Runs in batch mode

-d,

--daemon?Runs in daemon mode

-f, --config_file?Set configuration file

name

-i,

--pid_file?Set process identifier file name

-k, --keep_kernel?Don't delete old routes which

installed by zebra.

-C,

--dryrun?Check configuration for validity and exit

-A,

--vty_addr?Set vty's bind address

-P,

--vty_port?Set vty's port number

-r,

--retain?When program terminates, retain added route by zebra.

-u, --user?User to run

as

-g,

--group?Group to run as

-s, --nl-bufsize?Set netlink

receive buffer size

-v,

--version?Print program version

-h,

--help?Display this help and exit

Report bugs to http://bugzilla.quagga.net

[root@localhost1 quagga-0.99.15]# zebra

-d -u root -g root

vty_read_config: failed to open configuration file

/usr/local/etc/zebra.conf: No such file or directory

can't open configuration file [/usr/local/etc/zebra.conf]

[root@localhost1 quagga-0.99.15]# cp -Rf

/usr/local/etc/zebra.conf.sample /usr/local/etc/zebra.conf

[root@localhost1 quagga-0.99.15]# zebra

-d -u root -g root

[root@localhost1 quagga-0.99.15]# telnet

localhost 2601

Trying 127.0.0.1...

Connected to localhost.

Escape character is '^]'.

Hello, this is Quagga (version

0.99.15).

Copyright 1996-2005 Kunihiro Ishiguro, et al.

由于自己的程序沒有在root下，所以有些語句前面得用sudo

zinkin@zinkin-desktop:~/quagga/quagga-0.99.17$ sudo zebra -d -u

root -g root

zinkin@zinkin-desktop:~/quagga/quagga-0.99.17$ telnet localhost

2601

Trying ::1...

Trying 127.0.0.1...

Connected to localhost.

Escape character is '^]'.

Hello, this is Quagga (version 0.99.17).

Copyright 1996-2005 Kunihiro Ishiguro, et al.

User Access Verification

Password:

這樣就說明已經(jīng)將quaga安裝成功了！

下一篇講如何配置。

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