作者： Alexandra? 翻譯：科大云炬

I decided to make a quick summary of facts about Sci-Hub and myself, because in our times you cannot fully trust articles published in media, Wikipedia pages. Well, they do present facts about Sci-Hub that are correct in general, but at the same time there are mistakes in minor details. These details however create incorrect impression about the project. So, I want to make a quick look-up page with basic information about Sci-Hub and me that is reliable and first-hand.

我決定對SCI-Hub和我自己的事實做一個快速的總結，因為在我們的時代，你不能完全信任在媒體、維基百科頁面上發表的文章。 嗯，他們確實提出了關于SCI-Hub的事實，這些事實總的來說是正確的，但同時在小細節上也有錯誤。 然而，這些細節給項目帶來了不正確的印象。 因此，我想做一個可靠地最原始地關于SCI-HUB項目和本人的回顧，

Who is Alexandra Elbakyan and how the project started?Alexandra Elbakyan是誰，項目是如何開始的？

I’m a computer programmer behind Sci-Hub. I created the website in September, 2011 in Almaty, Kazakhstan.

In Kazakhstan, my homeland, access to LiveJournal website was blocked by government. LiveJournal is a blog system, where anyone can write their articles. Hence to access LiveJournal, I had to use ‘anonymizer’ websites. You go to such a website, paste a link to any webpage — for example LiveJournal article — and you can open it.

So I got the idea: we need the same for research articles. It took me two or three days to write the code and upload it to free PHP webhosting. And so Sci-Hub got live, and started processing requests from users (it almost immediately became very popular)

我是創建SCI-Hub的計算機程序員。 我于2011年9月在哈薩克斯坦阿拉木圖創建了這個網站。

在哈薩克斯坦，我的祖國，訪問LiveJournal網站被政府封鎖。 生活期刊是一個博客系統，任何人都可以在那里寫他們的文章。 因此，為了訪問LiveJournal，我不得不使用“匿名者”網站。 你去這樣一個網站，粘貼一個鏈接到任何（政府封鎖的）網頁-例如實時文章-你可以打開它。

所以我有了一個想法：我們在獲取期刊文章方面也有同樣的需求。 我花了兩三天時間編寫代碼并上傳到免費的php網上托管空間。 因此，sciHub上線了，并開始處理用戶的請求（它幾乎立即變得非常流行）

indeed, i had a dream to write software for easy access to research since 2009. i was an undergaduate student in kazakh national tech university and got into problems while trying to access research papers needed for my research project. so i thought it would be cool to write some software to automatically download such papers. however in 2009 it was only a blurry non-specific idea.

事實上，自2009年以來，我一直夢想著編寫軟件使科研變得更加邊界。我是哈薩克國立理工大學的一名本科生，在試圖獲得我的課題所需的研究論文時遇到了問題。 所以我認為寫一些軟件來自動下載這樣的論文是很酷的。 然而，在2009年，這只是一個模糊的不明確想法。

i learned html at age 12 using free tutorial avaiable on the internet. i started programming in high school and first learned php, delphi and assembly programming languages on myself, before i got to the university. i was interested in information security and entered kazakh national tech university in 2005 to study information technologies with a security speicalization. here i improved programing skills a lot.

我12歲時在互聯網上使用免費教程學會了html。 我開始在高中編程，在我上大學之前，我首先自學了php、Delphi和匯編編程語言。 我對信息安全感興趣，并于2005年進入哈薩克國立技術大學學習具有安全特色的信息技術。 在這里，我提高了很多編程技能。

After graduation I wanted to continue in science and do research in bioengineering. Apart from computer and information technologies, I was interested in neuroscience, consciousness and artificial intelligence and while studying at university, collected a lot of ebooks on that topic. They were all downloaded from ‘pirate’ websites.

畢業后，我想繼續從事科學和生物工程的研究。 除了計算機和信息技術，我對神經科學、意識和人工智能感興趣，在大學學習期間，我收集了很多關于這個主題的電子書。 他們都是從“侵權”網站下載的。

So in 2010 I tried to work in a few neuroscience research labs in Russia, Germany and United States. I read online that you can write to the professor and s/he will accept you to their lab. So I did the same and that’s how I got into laboratories. Here I also did programming, but for bioengineering applications. However I found it boring. I wanted to work on greater things: such as the Global Brain. I even was lucky to give a talk on that topic in H+ transhumanist conference in Harvard.

因此，在2010年，我嘗試在俄羅斯，德國和美國的一些神經科學研究實驗室工作。 我在網上看到可以通過給教授的寫信的方式進入他們的實驗室， 所以我采用這種方式進入了實驗室。 在這里，我也進行了編程，但是用于生物工程應用。 但是我覺得很無聊。 我想從事更大的工作：例如Global Brain。 我還很幸運在哈佛的H+ transhumanist會議上就這個話題發表了演講。

in 2011 i returned to kazakhstan and worked for a few months as a freelance web-programmer. i created websites and applications on php language. and finally i was able to code sci-hub.

在2011年，我回到哈薩克斯坦，做了幾個月的自由職業網絡程序員。 我在php語言上創建了網站和應用程序。 最后我能夠編碼SCI-Hub。

Was there any funding for Sci-Hub?SCI-Hub項目有資助嗎？

there was no. sci-hub started by accident, there was no big plan behind it. after a couple of months, users asked to add some option to donate and help the project. sci-hub is living on the donations for years. there were some big donations, but there was never any specific funding behind the project.

沒有。 sci-hub的創辦是偶然的，背后沒有什么大計劃。 幾個月后，用戶要求添加一些選項來捐贈和幫助項目。 sci-hub依靠捐款生活了好幾年。 有一些大的捐款，但這個項目的背后從來沒有任何具體的資金。

Was any government involved in creating Sci-Hub?是否有任何政府參與創建SCI-Hub？?

I was interested in politics and always supported communism, but Sci-Hub has always been a personal project. Even if some government helped, for example by sending anonymous donations, it was completely invisible to me. Using the Occam’s razor, no government was involved.

我對政治感興趣，總是支持共產主義，但SCI-Hub一直是一個人項目。 即使有政府幫助，例如發送匿名捐款，它對我來說是完全看不見的。?使用奧卡姆的剃須刀原則，這個項目是沒有政府參與的。

Is there any team behind Sci-Hub?在SCI-Hub后面有團隊嗎？

No, and never was. I do all the programming and server configuration myself. I also do all the Twitter posts and communication with users and media. I use Google to search for pictures to use on the website and social networks.

There a people though, who create mirrors of Sci-Hub articles database. I run a few mirrors and other mirrors are run independently, and Sci-Hub also uses accounts to access library resources provided by others.

不，從來沒有。 我自己做的所有的編程和服務器配置。 我也做所有的Twitter帖子和與用戶和媒體的溝通。 我用谷歌搜索網站和社交網絡上使用的圖片。 然而有人創建了SCI-Hub文章數據庫的鏡像網站。其中只有一小部分鏡像網站是我運維的，其他大部分鏡像鏡像網站是由其他人在運維的，甚至還使用帳戶訪問訪問圖書館的文獻資源。

What is the relationship between Sci-Hub and Library Genesis projects? Sci-Hub和Libgen項目是什么關系

Sci-Hub started in 2011 as a web application to download research article requested by user, using library accounts. There was no storage for downloaded articles. In 2012 Library Genesis, that collected e-books, wanted to collect research articles too and started saving papers downloaded by Sci-Hub to their database.

In 2013 the number of requests to Sci-Hub grew, and I re-programmed Sci-Hub to check if article was already stored in Libgen; if it was, the user was redirected to Libgen database.

In 2014, I copied articles collected by Libgen to create Sci-Hub’s own database. I did not?fork?Libgen: only the papers PDF files were copied. Then I configured new servers to serve these files to Sci-Hub users.

Today Sci-Hub uses it’s own servers to store research papers. However all new articles downloaded by Sci-Hub are mirrored to Library Genesis databases too. Libgen also publishes torrents to download these papers.

sci-hub started in 2011 as a web application to download research article requested by user, using library accounts. there was no storage for downloaded articles. in 2012 library genesis, that collected e-books, wanted to collect research articles too and started saving papers downloaded by sci-hub to their database.in 2013 the number of requests to sci-hub grew, and i re-programmed sci-hub to check if article was already stored in libgen; if it was, the user was redirected to libgen database.in 2014, i copied articles collected by libgen to create sci-hub’s own database. i did not?fork?libgen: only the papers pdf files were copied. then i configured new servers to serve these files to sci-hub users.today sci-hub uses it’s own servers to store research papers. however all new articles down

SCI-Hub于2011年開始作為一個Web應用程序使用圖書館帳戶下載用戶要求的研究文章， 下載的文章沒有存儲。 在2012年，Libgen項目收集電子書和研究文章，并開始將sci-hub下載的論文保存到他們的數據庫中。2013年，對sci-hub的請求數量增加，我重新編程sci-hub，以檢查文章是否已經存儲在libgen中；如果是的話，用戶被重定向到libgen數據庫。2014年，我復制了libgen收集的文章，以創建sci-hub自己的數據庫。 我沒有完全拷貝libgen：只復制其中的PDF文獻。 然后，我配置了新的服務器來向sci-hub用戶提供這些文件。今天，sci-hub使用自己的服務器來存儲研究論文。然而，所有由sci-hub下載的新文章也被鏡像到?Libgen數據庫。 Libgen還發布了下載這些論文的種子文件。

…and question that is always asked:

How is Sci-Hub different from Aaron Swartz?總是被問到的問題：sci-hub和Aaron Swartz網站有什么不同？

how different between each other are plos one, arxiv.org and budapest open access initiative? all these projects work on providing free access to research papers, however it is easy to see: there are very different between each other.

SCI-HUB和PLOSOne、Arxiv.org和 budapest等獲取預印稿的網站有什么不同？ 所有這些項目都致力于免費獲得研究論文，但很容易看到：彼此之間有很大的不同。

sci-hub is a web application that can open research paper requested by user, from database or by downloading it. all downloaded papers are collected in database. the database grew for a few years.

SCI-Hub是一個Web應用程序，可以打開用戶請求的研究論文，從數據庫或下載它。 所有下載的論文都收集在數據庫中。 數據庫增長了幾年。

a. swartz, as far as i know his story, made an attempt to download a few million research papers from jstor website in 2010. the download was noticed and he got arrested. perhaps he wanted to upload all downloaded research articles on torrent. in 2009 i did similar things: i downloaded nature and scientific american journal volumes and uploaded them on ‘pirate’ websites where people share e-books, and i also shared there volumes on torrents. a lot of people were doing it then.

據我所知，斯沃茨a.在2010年試圖從jstor網站下載數百萬篇研究論文。下載被發現了，他被捕了。 也許他想上傳所有下載的研究文章到種子網站。 在2009年，我做了類似的事情：我下載了自然和科學美國期刊卷，并將它們上傳到“侵權”網站上，人們在那里分享電子書，我也分享了大量的文獻種子文件。 當時很多人都在做這件事。

in 2004 i even programmed a php script that could automatically download paywalled e-books from mit cognet website, using a bug. even though it sounds very similar to sci-hub, it is completely different in design and function.

在2004年，我甚至編程了一個php腳本，通過麻省理工學院Cognet網站的Bug可以自動從麻省理工學院Cognet網站下載付費電子書。 即使它聽起來非常類似于SCI-Hub，它在設計和功能上是完全不同的。

before sci-hub, there were a lot of illegal websites where any person could download e-books for free. sci-hub became the first website where you can download articles on a massive scale, not e-books only. before sci-hub there were other websites to get research papers for free but they were also different from sci-hub in design.

在SCI-Hub之前，有很多非法網站，任何人都可以免費下載電子書。 SCI-Hub成為第一個網站，你可以下載大量的文章，而不僅僅是電子書。 在SCI-Hub之前，還有其他網站免費獲得研究論文，但它們在設計上也不同于SCI-Hub。

there are similarities with a. swartz but to say they are the same is some kind of an illusion that arises from lack of understanding of complexity. the similar illusion is to think that all black people, or all chinese people are the same, because white person cannot easily recognize their faces.

我的做法與A.Swartz有相似之處，但要說它們是相同的，就是某種錯覺，這是由于缺乏對復雜性的理解而產生的。 類似的錯覺是認為所有的黑人，或所有的中國人都是一樣的，因為白人不能輕易地認出他們的臉。

原文鏈接：Sci-Hub and Alexandra basic information – engineuring 與50位技術專家面對面20年技術見證，附贈技術全景圖

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