Linux远程拷贝scp命令
scp是secure?copy的簡(jiǎn)寫,用于在Linux下進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)程拷貝文件的命令,和它類似的命令有cp,不過cp只是在本機(jī)進(jìn)行拷貝不能跨服務(wù)器,而且scp傳輸是加密的。可能會(huì)稍微影響一下速度。當(dāng)你服務(wù)器硬盤變?yōu)橹蛔x?read?only?system時(shí),用scp可以幫你把文件移出來。另外,scp還非常不占資源,不會(huì)提高多少系統(tǒng)負(fù)荷,在這一點(diǎn)上,rsync就遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不及它了。雖然?rsync比scp會(huì)快一點(diǎn),但當(dāng)小文件眾多的情況下,rsync會(huì)導(dǎo)致硬盤I/O非常高,而scp基本不影響系統(tǒng)正常使用。
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實(shí)例:scp a.php msfadmin@192.168.59.131:/home/msfadmin
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1.命令格式:
scp?[參數(shù)]?[原路徑]?[目標(biāo)路徑]
2.命令功能:
scp是?secure?copy的縮寫,?scp是linux系統(tǒng)下基于ssh登陸進(jìn)行安全的遠(yuǎn)程文件拷貝命令。linux的scp命令可以在linux服務(wù)器之間復(fù)制文件和目錄。
3.命令參數(shù):
-1??強(qiáng)制scp命令使用協(xié)議ssh1??
-2??強(qiáng)制scp命令使用協(xié)議ssh2??
-4??強(qiáng)制scp命令只使用IPv4尋址??
-6??強(qiáng)制scp命令只使用IPv6尋址??
-B??使用批處理模式(傳輸過程中不詢問傳輸口令或短語(yǔ))??
-C??允許壓縮。(將-C標(biāo)志傳遞給ssh,從而打開壓縮功能)??
-p?保留原文件的修改時(shí)間,訪問時(shí)間和訪問權(quán)限。??
-q??不顯示傳輸進(jìn)度條。??
-r??遞歸復(fù)制整個(gè)目錄。??
-v?詳細(xì)方式顯示輸出。scp和ssh(1)會(huì)顯示出整個(gè)過程的調(diào)試信息。這些信息用于調(diào)試連接,驗(yàn)證和配置問題。???
-c?cipher??以cipher將數(shù)據(jù)傳輸進(jìn)行加密,這個(gè)選項(xiàng)將直接傳遞給ssh。???
-F?ssh_config??指定一個(gè)替代的ssh配置文件,此參數(shù)直接傳遞給ssh。??
-i?identity_file??從指定文件中讀取傳輸時(shí)使用的密鑰文件,此參數(shù)直接傳遞給ssh。????
-l?limit??限定用戶所能使用的帶寬,以Kbit/s為單位。?????
-o?ssh_option??如果習(xí)慣于使用ssh_config(5)中的參數(shù)傳遞方式,???
-P?port??注意是大寫的P,?port是指定數(shù)據(jù)傳輸用到的端口號(hào)???
-S?program??指定加密傳輸時(shí)所使用的程序。此程序必須能夠理解ssh(1)的選項(xiàng)。
4.使用實(shí)例:
scp命令的實(shí)際應(yīng)用概述:??
從本地服務(wù)器復(fù)制到遠(yuǎn)程服務(wù)器:?
(1)?復(fù)制文件:??
命令格式:??
scp?local_file?remote_username@remote_ip:remote_folder??
或者??
scp?local_file?remote_username@remote_ip:remote_file??
或者??
scp?local_file?remote_ip:remote_folder??
或者??
scp?local_file?remote_ip:remote_file??
第1,2個(gè)指定了用戶名,命令執(zhí)行后需要輸入用戶密碼,第1個(gè)僅指定了遠(yuǎn)程的目錄,文件名字不變,第2個(gè)指定了文件名??
第3,4個(gè)沒有指定用戶名,命令執(zhí)行后需要輸入用戶名和密碼,第3個(gè)僅指定了遠(yuǎn)程的目錄,文件名字不變,第4個(gè)指定了文件名???
(2)?復(fù)制目錄:??
命令格式:??
scp?-r?local_folder?remote_username@remote_ip:remote_folder??
或者??
scp?-r?local_folder?remote_ip:remote_folder??
第1個(gè)指定了用戶名,命令執(zhí)行后需要輸入用戶密碼;??
第2個(gè)沒有指定用戶名,命令執(zhí)行后需要輸入用戶名和密碼;
從遠(yuǎn)程服務(wù)器復(fù)制到本地服務(wù)器:?
從遠(yuǎn)程復(fù)制到本地的scp命令與上面的命令雷同,只要將從本地復(fù)制到遠(yuǎn)程的命令后面2個(gè)參數(shù)互換順序就行了。
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實(shí)例1:從遠(yuǎn)處復(fù)制文件到本地目錄
命令:
scp?root@192.168.120.204:/opt/soft/nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz?/opt/soft/
輸出:
[root@localhost?~]#?cd?/opt/soft/
[root@localhost?soft]#?ll
總計(jì)?80072
drwxr-xr-x?12?root?root?????4096?09-21?18:40?fms3.5
drwxr-xr-x??3?root?root?????4096?09-21?17:58?fms4.5
drwxr-xr-x?10?root?root?????4096?10-30?17:15?jdk1.6.0_16
drwxr-xr-x?10?root?root?????4096?09-17?19:27?jdk1.6.0_16.bak
-rwxr-xr-x??1?root?root?81871260?2009-12-21?jdk-6u16-linux-x64.bin
drwxrwxrwx??2?root?root?????4096?09-21?01:16?mysql
drwxr-xr-x??3?root?root?????4096?09-21?18:40?setup_file
drwxr-xr-x??9?root?root?????4096?09-17?19:23?tomcat6.0.32
drwxr-xr-x??9?root?root?????4096?2012-08-14?tomcat_7.0
[root@localhost?soft]#?scp?root@192.168.120.204:/opt/soft/nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz?/opt/soft/
root@192.168.120.204's?password:?
nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????100%??479KB?478.7KB/s???00:00????
[root@localhost?soft]#?ll
總計(jì)?80556
drwxr-xr-x?12?root?root?????4096?09-21?18:40?fms3.5
drwxr-xr-x??3?root?root?????4096?09-21?17:58?fms4.5
drwxr-xr-x?10?root?root?????4096?10-30?17:15?jdk1.6.0_16
drwxr-xr-x?10?root?root?????4096?09-17?19:27?jdk1.6.0_16.bak
-rwxr-xr-x??1?root?root?81871260?2009-12-21?jdk-6u16-linux-x64.bin
drwxrwxrwx??2?root?root?????4096?09-21?01:16?mysql
-rw-r--r--??1?root?root???490220?03-15?09:11?nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x??3?root?root?????4096?09-21?18:40?setup_file
drwxr-xr-x??9?root?root?????4096?09-17?19:23?tomcat6.0.32
drwxr-xr-x??9?root?root?????4096?2012-08-14?tomcat_7.0
[root@localhost?soft]#?
說明:
從192.168.120.204機(jī)器上的/opt/soft/的目錄中下載nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz?文件到本地/opt/soft/目錄中
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實(shí)例2:從遠(yuǎn)處復(fù)制到本地
命令:
scp?-r?root@192.168.120.204:/opt/soft/mongodb?/opt/soft/
輸出:
[root@localhost?soft]#?ll
總計(jì)?80556
drwxr-xr-x?12?root?root?????4096?09-21?18:40?fms3.5
drwxr-xr-x??3?root?root?????4096?09-21?17:58?fms4.5
drwxr-xr-x?10?root?root?????4096?10-30?17:15?jdk1.6.0_16
drwxr-xr-x?10?root?root?????4096?09-17?19:27?jdk1.6.0_16.bak
-rwxr-xr-x??1?root?root?81871260?2009-12-21?jdk-6u16-linux-x64.bin
drwxrwxrwx??2?root?root?????4096?09-21?01:16?mysql
-rw-r--r--??1?root?root???490220?03-15?09:11?nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x??3?root?root?????4096?09-21?18:40?setup_file
drwxr-xr-x??9?root?root?????4096?09-17?19:23?tomcat6.0.32
drwxr-xr-x??9?root?root?????4096?2012-08-14?tomcat_7.0
[root@localhost?soft]#?scp?-r?root@192.168.120.204:/opt/soft/mongodb?/opt/soft/
root@192.168.120.204's?password:?
mongodb-linux-i686-static-1.8.5.tgz???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????100%???28MB??28.3MB/s???00:01????
README????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????100%??731?????0.7KB/s???00:00????
THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????100%?7866?????7.7KB/s???00:00????
mongorestore??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????100%?7753KB???7.6MB/s???00:00????
mongod????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????100%?7760KB???7.6MB/s???00:01????
mongoexport???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????100%?7744KB???7.6MB/s???00:00????
bsondump??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????100%?7737KB???7.6MB/s???00:00????
mongofiles????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????100%?7748KB???7.6MB/s???00:01????
GNU-AGPL-3.0??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????100%???34KB??33.7KB/s???00:00????
[root@localhost?soft]#?ll
總計(jì)?80560
drwxr-xr-x?12?root?root?????4096?09-21?18:40?fms3.5
drwxr-xr-x??3?root?root?????4096?09-21?17:58?fms4.5
drwxr-xr-x?10?root?root?????4096?10-30?17:15?jdk1.6.0_16
drwxr-xr-x?10?root?root?????4096?09-17?19:27?jdk1.6.0_16.bak
-rwxr-xr-x??1?root?root?81871260?2009-12-21?jdk-6u16-linux-x64.bin
drwxr-xr-x??3?root?root?????4096?03-15?09:18?mongodb
drwxrwxrwx??2?root?root?????4096?09-21?01:16?mysql
-rw-r--r--??1?root?root???490220?03-15?09:11?nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x??3?root?root?????4096?09-21?18:40?setup_file
drwxr-xr-x??9?root?root?????4096?09-17?19:23?tomcat6.0.32
drwxr-xr-x??9?root?root?????4096?2012-08-14?tomcat_7.0
[root@localhost?soft]#?
說明:
從192.168.120.204機(jī)器上的/opt/soft/中下載mongodb?目錄到本地的/opt/soft/目錄來。
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實(shí)例3:上傳本地文件到遠(yuǎn)程機(jī)器指定目錄
命令:
scp?/opt/soft/nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz?root@192.168.120.204:/opt/soft/scptest
輸出:
上傳前目標(biāo)機(jī)器的目標(biāo)目錄:
[root@localhost?soft]#?cd?scptest/
[root@localhost?scptest]#?ll
總計(jì)?0
[root@localhost?scptest]#?ll
本地機(jī)器上傳:
[root@localhost?soft]#?scp?/opt/soft/nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz?root@192.168.120.204:/opt/soft/scptest
root@192.168.120.204's?password:?
nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????100%??479KB?478.7KB/s???00:00????
[root@localhost?soft]#?
上傳后目標(biāo)機(jī)器的目標(biāo)目錄:
[root@localhost?scptest]#?ll
總計(jì)?484
-rw-r--r--?1?root?root?490220?03-15?09:25?nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz
[root@localhost?scptest]#
說明:
復(fù)制本地opt/soft/目錄下的文件nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz?到遠(yuǎn)程機(jī)器192.168.120.204的opt/soft/scptest目錄
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實(shí)例4:上傳本地目錄到遠(yuǎn)程機(jī)器指定目錄
命令:
scp?-r?/opt/soft/mongodb?root@192.168.120.204:/opt/soft/scptest
輸出:
上傳前目標(biāo)機(jī)器的目標(biāo)目錄:
[root@localhost?~]#?cd?/opt/soft/scptest/
[root@localhost?scptest]#?ll
總計(jì)?484
-rw-r--r--?1?root?root?490220?03-15?09:25?nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz
[root@localhost?scptest]#?
本地機(jī)器上傳:
[root@localhost?~]#?scp?-r?/opt/soft/mongodb?root@192.168.120.204:/opt/soft/scptest
root@192.168.120.204's?password:?
mongodb-linux-i686-static-1.8.5.tgz???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????100%???28MB??28.3MB/s???00:01????
README????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????100%??731?????0.7KB/s???00:00????
THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????100%?7866?????7.7KB/s???00:00????
mongorestore??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????100%?7753KB???7.6MB/s???00:00????
mongod????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????100%?7760KB???7.6MB/s???00:01????
mongoexport???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????100%?7744KB???7.6MB/s???00:00????
[root@localhost?~]#?
上傳后目標(biāo)機(jī)器的目標(biāo)目錄:
[root@localhost?scptest]#?ll
總計(jì)?488
drwxr-xr-x?3?root?root???4096?03-15?09:33?mongodb
-rw-r--r--?1?root?root?490220?03-15?09:25?nginx-0.5.38.tar.gz
[root@localhost?scptest]#?
說明:
? ??上傳本地目錄?/opt/soft/mongodb到遠(yuǎn)程機(jī)器192.168.120.204上/opt/soft/scptest的目錄中去
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