原文地址：https://hyperledger-fabric.readthedocs.io/en/latest/chaincode4noah.html

鏈碼是什么？

Chaincode is a program, written in Go, and eventually in other programming languages such as Java, that implements a prescribed interface. Chaincode runs in a secured Docker container isolated from the endorsing peer process. Chaincode initializes and manages ledger state through transactions submitted by applications.
鏈碼是用Go編寫的程序，最終用Java等其他編程語言編寫，實現(xiàn)指定的接口。鏈碼運(yùn)行在與背書對等進(jìn)程隔離的安全Docker容器中。鏈碼通過應(yīng)用程序提交的事務(wù)初始化和管理分類帳狀態(tài)。

A chaincode typically handles business logic agreed to by members of the network, so it may be considered as a “smart contract”. State created by a chaincode is scoped exclusively to that chaincode and can’t be accessed directly by another chaincode. However, within the same network, given the appropriate permission a chaincode may invoke another chaincode to access its state.
鏈碼通常處理網(wǎng)絡(luò)成員同意的業(yè)務(wù)邏輯，因此可以將其視為“智能契約”。由鏈碼創(chuàng)建的狀態(tài)僅限定于該鏈碼，不能被另一個鏈碼直接訪問。但是，在相同的網(wǎng)絡(luò)中，在適當(dāng)?shù)臋?quán)限下，chaincode可以調(diào)用另一個chaincode來訪問它的狀態(tài)。

In the following sections, we will explore chaincode through the eyes of a blockchain network operator, Noah. For Noah’s interests, we will focus on chaincode lifecycle operations; the process of packaging, installing, instantiating and upgrading the chaincode as a function of the chaincode’s operational lifecycle within a blockchain network.
在下面的部分中，我們將通過區(qū)塊鏈網(wǎng)絡(luò)運(yùn)營商N(yùn)oah的視角來研究鏈路代碼。為了挪亞的利益，我們將關(guān)注鏈碼生命周期操作;將鏈碼包裝、安裝、實例化和升級為區(qū)塊鏈網(wǎng)絡(luò)中鏈碼操作生命周期的函數(shù)的過程。

鏈碼生命周期

The Hyperledger Fabric API enables interaction with the various nodes in a blockchain network - the peers, orderers and MSPs - and it also allows one to package, install, instantiate and upgrade chaincode on the endorsing peer nodes. The Hyperledger Fabric language-specific SDKs abstract the specifics of the Hyperledger Fabric API to facilitate application development, though it can be used to manage a chaincode’s lifecycle. Additionally, the Hyperledger Fabric API can be accessed directly via the CLI, which we will use in this document.
Hyperledger Fabric API允許與區(qū)塊鏈網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的各個節(jié)點(對等節(jié)點、定序者和MSPs)進(jìn)行交互，并且它還允許在已背書的對等節(jié)點上打包、安裝、實例化和升級鏈碼。特定于Hyperledger Fabric語言的SDKs抽象了Hyperledger Fabric API的細(xì)節(jié)以促進(jìn)應(yīng)用程序開發(fā)，盡管它可以用來管理一個鏈代碼的生命周期。此外，可以通過CLI直接訪問Hyperledger Fabric API，我們將在本文中使用CLI。
We provide four commands to manage a chaincode’s lifecycle: package, install, instantiate, and upgrade. In a future release, we are considering adding stop and start transactions to disable and re-enable a chaincode without having to actually uninstall it. After a chaincode has been successfully installed and instantiated, the chaincode is active (running) and can process transactions via the invoke transaction. A chaincode may be upgraded any time after it has been installed.
我們提供了四個命令來管理鏈碼的生命周期:打包、安裝、實例化和升級。在未來的版本中，我們正在考慮添加stop和start事務(wù)來禁用和重新啟用鏈碼，而不必真正卸載它。在成功安裝和實例化鏈碼之后，鏈碼是活動的(正在運(yùn)行)，并且可以通過invoke事務(wù)處理事務(wù)。鏈碼在安裝后可以隨時升級。

打包

安裝

實例化

升級

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