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RIP实验总结之一被动接口和单播更新

發布時間：2023/11/29 编程问答 32 豆豆

生活随笔收集整理的這篇文章主要介紹了 RIP实验总结之一被动接口和单播更新小編覺得挺不錯的,現在分享給大家,幫大家做個參考.

后續的小實驗： RIP實驗總結之二RipV2的手動匯總 RIP實驗總結之一rip v2的認證前言：以前覺得rip只需要學NA的那種水平就行了，但在后來自己的許多實驗中不斷做過不少rip相關的實驗，在這總結一下。實驗目的： 1)??????? 掌握rip被動接口的配置 2)??????? 掌握rip單播更新 3)??????? 掌握rip v2手動匯總 4)??????? 掌握rip v2的認證實驗拓樸：話外：我喜歡用工大瑞普的來做實驗，資源占用少，適合老爺機使用，慢慢摸索出怎樣寫net文件，如果機子配置高，還是建議使用GNS3，不僅方便，而且還可以手抓包。注：對于接口地址，我習慣使用兩個路由器的編號，小的為1，大的為2，如R3和R4之間，使用34.1.1.1和34.1.1.2，對于以太口使用<?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" />10.1.1.3和10.1.1.4，環回口使用全路由器編號即3.3.3.3 和4.4.4.4，掩碼都為24.

實驗1：rip的被動接口和單播更新。

實驗步驟： 1.啟動R1、R2和R3，完成串口基本接口的配置，使用ping保證每個接口的連通性。 R1(config)#int s1/1 R1(config-if)#ip add 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 R1(config-if)#no sh R1(config-if)#int s1/2 R1(config-if)#ip add 14.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 R1(config-if)#no sh R1(config-if)#ip add 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 R1(config-if)#no sh R1(config-if)#int lo0 R1(config-if)#ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 R2和R3做相應配置，不在此列出。 2.啟用rip，將每個接口都添加進rip進程。 R1(config-if)#router rip R1(config-router)#net 10.1.1.1 R1(config-router)#net 12.1.1.1 R1(config-router)#net 1.1.1.1 在R1上show ip route R1#sh ip 00:36:11: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console R1#sh ip route <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />

???? 1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C?????? 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 R??? 2.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 12.1.1.2, 00:00:01, Serial1/1 R??? 3.0.0.0/8 [120/2] via 12.1.1.2, 00:00:01, Serial1/1 R??? 23.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 12.1.1.2, 00:00:01, Serial1/1 ???? 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C??? ???12.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/1 看到了到R2和R3的路由。將R1的s1/1設置為被動接口 R1(config)#router rip R1(config-router)#passive-interface s1/1 到R2和R3上去show ip route R2#sh ip route R??? 1.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 12.1.1.1, 00:01:51, Serial1/0?????????????? ???? 2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C?????? 2.2.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 R??? 3.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 23.1.1.2, 00:00:01, Serial1/1 ???? 23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C?????? 23.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/1 ???? 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C?????? 12.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0 此時R3上： R3#sh ip route

R??? 1.0.0.0/8 [120/2] via 23.1.1.1, 00:00:14, Serial1/0 R??? 2.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 23.1.1.1, 00:00:14, Serial1/0 ???? 3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C?????? 3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 ???? 23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C?????? 23.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0 R??? 12.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 23.1.1.1, 00:00:14, Serial1/0 注意兩個打紅字的時間，R1的s1/1已設置為被動接口，R2上收不到R1的路由更新，上次收到時間為00:01:51之前并未超時，此時應該為holdtime,但R3扔收到R2關于R1上的路由更新。所以在失效之前R2Rip仍要向R3發布更新。等路由收斂完成后，再看： R1#sh ip route ???? 1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C?????? 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 R??? 2.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 12.1.1.2, 00:00:13, Serial1/1 R??? 3.0.0.0/8 [120/2] via 12.1.1.2, 00:00:13, Serial1/1 R??? 23.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 12.1.1.2, 00:00:13, Serial1/1 ???? 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C?????? 12.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/1

R2#sh ip route ???? 2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C?????? 2.2.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 R??? 3.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 23.1.1.2, 00:00:22, Serial1/1 ???? 23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C?????? 23.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/1 ???? 12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C?????? 12.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0

R3#sh ip route

R??? 2.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 23.1.1.1, 00:00:11, Serial1/0 ???? 3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C?????? 3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 ???? 23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C?????? 23.1.1.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0 R??? 12.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 23.1.1.1, 00:00:11, Serial1/0 即被動接口的特點：能收到rip的更新但不從此接口發送更新。 3.把R2、R3上的所有串口都設為被動接口。并開啟所有路由器的以太口。配置R1使路由更新只“單播”給R2。 R1(config)#router rip R1(config-router)#net 10.1.1.1 R1(config-router)#passive-interface fastEthernet 0/0 R1(config-router)#neighbor 10.1.1.2 在R2和R3上show ip route R2#sh ip route R??? 1.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 10.1.1.1, 00:00:03, FastEthernet0/0 ???? 2.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C?????? 2.2.2.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 R??? 3.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 10.1.1.3, 00:00:12, FastEthernet0/0 ???? 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C?????? 10.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

R3#sh ip route R??? 2.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 10.1.1.2, 00:00:24, FastEthernet0/0 ???? 3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C?????? 3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 ???? 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C?????? 10.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 可以看到R2學到了R1環回口的路由，R3沒學到。 R2由于水平分割沒有將R1環回口的路由更新到R3

轉載于:https://blog.51cto.com/hyhgd/204612

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