正義聯(lián)盟的黑暗時(shí)代已經(jīng)來臨，強(qiáng)大的Darkseid即將征服人類。 蝙蝠俠在《神力女超人》的幫助下，努力使聯(lián)盟與一個(gè)關(guān)鍵方面失聯(lián)。 適當(dāng)?shù)恼x聯(lián)盟成員管理系統(tǒng)。 由于時(shí)間不在他們身邊，他們不想經(jīng)歷繁瑣的過程，從頭開始用他們需要的所有東西來建立項(xiàng)目。 蝙蝠俠將艱巨的任務(wù)交給了他心愛的值得信賴的阿爾弗雷德·阿爾弗雷德（因?yàn)榱_賓是如此不可預(yù)測(cè)），他告訴蝙蝠俠他想起了一個(gè)叫做Spring Boot的東西，它可以幫助您設(shè)置所需的一切，從而可以編寫代碼您的應(yīng)用程序，而不會(huì)因?yàn)轫?xiàng)目設(shè)置配置的細(xì)微差別而陷入困境。 于是他進(jìn)入了。 讓我們與心愛的阿爾弗雷德（Alfred）談?wù)?#xff0c;他將立即利用Spring Boot建立正義聯(lián)盟成員管理系統(tǒng)。 自從蝙蝠俠喜歡直接使用REST API以來，至少現(xiàn)在是后端部分。

有許多方便的方法來設(shè)置Spring Boot應(yīng)用程序。 在本文中，我們將重點(diǎn)介紹下載軟件包（Spring CLI）并在Ubuntu上從頭進(jìn)行設(shè)置的傳統(tǒng)方式。 Spring還支持通過其工具在線打包項(xiàng)目。 您可以從此處下載最新的穩(wěn)定版本。 對(duì)于本文，我使用的是1.3.0.M1版本。

解壓縮下載的存檔后，首先，在配置文件中設(shè)置以下參數(shù)；

SPRING_BOOT_HOME=<extracted path>/spring-1.3.0.M1PATH=$SPRING_BOOT_HOME/bin:$PATH

然后在您的“ bashrc”文件中包括以下內(nèi)容；

. <extracted-path>/spring-1.3.0.M1/shell-completion/bash/spring

最后執(zhí)行的操作是，當(dāng)您處理spring-cli以創(chuàng)建您的spring boot應(yīng)用程序時(shí)，它將使您在命令行上自動(dòng)完成。 請(qǐng)記住同時(shí)“提供”配置文件和“ bashrc”文件，以使更改生效。

本文使用的技術(shù)棧如下：

• SpringREST
• Spring數(shù)據(jù)
• MongoDB

因此，讓我們通過發(fā)出以下命令開始為應(yīng)用程序創(chuàng)建模板項(xiàng)目。 請(qǐng)注意，可以通過找到的GitHub存儲(chǔ)庫下載示例項(xiàng)目
在這里 ;

spring init -dweb,data-mongodb,flapdoodle-mongo --groupId com.justiceleague --artifactId justiceleaguemodule --build maven justiceleaguesystem

這將使用Spring MVC和Spring Data以及嵌入式MongoDB生成一個(gè)maven項(xiàng)目。

默認(rèn)情況下，spring-cli創(chuàng)建一個(gè)名稱設(shè)置為“ Demo”的項(xiàng)目。 因此，我們將需要重命名生成的相應(yīng)應(yīng)用程序類。 如果您從上述我的GitHub存儲(chǔ)庫中簽出了源代碼，那么將完成此操作。

使用Spring boot，運(yùn)行應(yīng)用程序就像運(yùn)行項(xiàng)目創(chuàng)建的jar文件一樣簡單，該jar文件實(shí)際上是調(diào)用應(yīng)用程序的
用@SpringBootApplication注釋的類可引導(dǎo)Spring。 讓我們看看它的樣子。

package com.justiceleague.justiceleaguemodule;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;/*** The main spring boot application which will start up a web container and wire* up all the required beans.* * @author dinuka**/ @SpringBootApplication public class JusticeLeagueManagementApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(JusticeLeagueManagementApplication.class, args);} }

然后，我們進(jìn)入域類，在其中使用spring-data和mongodb來定義數(shù)據(jù)層。 域類如下；

package com.justiceleague.justiceleaguemodule.domain;import org.bson.types.ObjectId; import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id; import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.index.Indexed; import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.mapping.Document;/*** This class holds the details that will be stored about the justice league* members on MongoDB.* * @author dinuka**/ @Document(collection = "justiceLeagueMembers") public class JusticeLeagueMemberDetail {@Idprivate ObjectId id;@Indexedprivate String name;private String superPower;private String location;public JusticeLeagueMemberDetail(String name, String superPower, String location) {this.name = name;this.superPower = superPower;this.location = location;}public String getId() {return id.toString();}public void setId(String id) {this.id = new ObjectId(id);}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public String getSuperPower() {return superPower;}public void setSuperPower(String superPower) {this.superPower = superPower;}public String getLocation() {return location;}public void setLocation(String location) {this.location = location;}}

當(dāng)我們使用spring數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)，它非常直觀，特別是如果您來自JPA / Hibernate背景。 注釋非常相似。 唯一的新事物是@Document批注，它表示我們mongo數(shù)據(jù)庫中集合的名稱。 我們還會(huì)在超級(jí)英雄的名字上定義一個(gè)索引，因?yàn)楦嗟牟樵儗@按名字搜索。

借助Spring-data，可以輕松定義存儲(chǔ)庫的功能，這些存儲(chǔ)庫支持通常的CRUD操作和一些讀取操作，而無需直接編寫即可。 因此，我們?cè)趹?yīng)用程序中也利用了Spring數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)庫的功能，存儲(chǔ)庫類如下：

package com.justiceleague.justiceleaguemodule.dao;import org.springframework.data.mongodb.repository.MongoRepository; import org.springframework.data.mongodb.repository.Query;import com.justiceleague.justiceleaguemodule.domain.JusticeLeagueMemberDetail;public interface JusticeLeagueRepository extends MongoRepository<JusticeLeagueMemberDetail, String> {/*** This method will retrieve the justice league member details pertaining to* the name passed in.* * @param superHeroName* the name of the justice league member to search and retrieve.* @return an instance of {@link JusticeLeagueMemberDetail} with the member* details.*/@Query("{ 'name' : {$regex: ?0, $options: 'i' }}")JusticeLeagueMemberDetail findBySuperHeroName(final String superHeroName); }

常規(guī)的保存操作由Spring在運(yùn)行時(shí)通過使用代理實(shí)現(xiàn)，我們只需要在存儲(chǔ)庫中定義域類即可。

如您所見，我們僅定義了一種方法。 使用@Query批注，我們嘗試與正則表達(dá)式用戶一起尋找超級(jí)英雄。 選項(xiàng)“ i”表示嘗試在mongo db中查找匹配項(xiàng)時(shí)，我們應(yīng)忽略大小寫。

接下來，我們繼續(xù)執(zhí)行我們的邏輯以通過我們的服務(wù)層存儲(chǔ)新的正義聯(lián)盟成員。

package com.justiceleague.justiceleaguemodule.service.impl;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import com.justiceleague.justiceleaguemodule.constants.MessageConstants.ErrorMessages; import com.justiceleague.justiceleaguemodule.dao.JusticeLeagueRepository; import com.justiceleague.justiceleaguemodule.domain.JusticeLeagueMemberDetail; import com.justiceleague.justiceleaguemodule.exception.JusticeLeagueManagementException; import com.justiceleague.justiceleaguemodule.service.JusticeLeagueMemberService; import com.justiceleague.justiceleaguemodule.web.dto.JusticeLeagueMemberDTO; import com.justiceleague.justiceleaguemodule.web.transformer.DTOToDomainTransformer;/*** This service class implements the {@link JusticeLeagueMemberService} to* provide the functionality required for the justice league system.* * @author dinuka**/ @Service public class JusticeLeagueMemberServiceImpl implements JusticeLeagueMemberService {@Autowiredprivate JusticeLeagueRepository justiceLeagueRepo;/*** {@inheritDoc}*/public void addMember(JusticeLeagueMemberDTO justiceLeagueMember) {JusticeLeagueMemberDetail dbMember = justiceLeagueRepo.findBySuperHeroName(justiceLeagueMember.getName());if (dbMember != null) {throw new JusticeLeagueManagementException(ErrorMessages.MEMBER_ALREDY_EXISTS);}JusticeLeagueMemberDetail memberToPersist = DTOToDomainTransformer.transform(justiceLeagueMember);justiceLeagueRepo.insert(memberToPersist);}}

再說一遍，如果成員已經(jīng)存在，我們拋出一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，否則我們添加該成員。 在這里您可以看到我們正在使用已經(jīng)實(shí)施的
我們之前定義的spring數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)庫的insert方法。

最終，Alfred準(zhǔn)備好使用Spring REST公開他剛剛通過REST API開發(fā)的新功能，以便Batman可以隨時(shí)隨地通過HTTP發(fā)送詳細(xì)信息。

package com.justiceleague.justiceleaguemodule.web.rest.controller;import javax.validation.Valid;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus; import org.springframework.http.MediaType; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import com.justiceleague.justiceleaguemodule.constants.MessageConstants; import com.justiceleague.justiceleaguemodule.service.JusticeLeagueMemberService; import com.justiceleague.justiceleaguemodule.web.dto.JusticeLeagueMemberDTO; import com.justiceleague.justiceleaguemodule.web.dto.ResponseDTO;/*** This class exposes the REST API for the system.* * @author dinuka**/ @RestController @RequestMapping("/justiceleague") public class JusticeLeagueManagementController {@Autowiredprivate JusticeLeagueMemberService memberService;/*** This method will be used to add justice league members to the system.* * @param justiceLeagueMember* the justice league member to add.* @return an instance of {@link ResponseDTO} which will notify whether* adding the member was successful.*/@ResponseBody@ResponseStatus(value = HttpStatus.CREATED)@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.POST, path = "/addMember", produces = {MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE }, consumes = { MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE })public ResponseDTO addJusticeLeagueMember(@Valid @RequestBody JusticeLeagueMemberDTO justiceLeagueMember) {ResponseDTO responseDTO = new ResponseDTO(ResponseDTO.Status.SUCCESS,MessageConstants.MEMBER_ADDED_SUCCESSFULLY);try {memberService.addMember(justiceLeagueMember);} catch (Exception e) {responseDTO.setStatus(ResponseDTO.Status.FAIL);responseDTO.setMessage(e.getMessage());}return responseDTO;} }

我們將功能作為JSON負(fù)載公開，因?yàn)楸M管Alfred有點(diǎn)老派并且有時(shí)更喜歡XML，但Batman卻無法獲得足夠的功能。

老家伙Alfred仍然想測(cè)試他的功能，因?yàn)門DD只是他的風(fēng)格。 因此，最后我們看一下Alfred編寫的集成測(cè)試，以確保正義聯(lián)盟管理系統(tǒng)的初始版本能夠按預(yù)期運(yùn)行。 請(qǐng)注意，盡管Alfred實(shí)際上涵蓋了更多內(nèi)容，您可以在上查看REST API測(cè)試，
GitHub存儲(chǔ)庫

package com.justiceleague.justiceleaguemodule.test.util;import java.io.IOException; import java.net.UnknownHostException;import org.junit.After; import org.junit.AfterClass; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.BeforeClass; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.AutoConfigureMockMvc; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper; import com.justiceleague.justiceleaguemodule.domain.JusticeLeagueMemberDetail;import de.flapdoodle.embed.mongo.MongodExecutable; import de.flapdoodle.embed.mongo.MongodStarter; import de.flapdoodle.embed.mongo.config.IMongodConfig; import de.flapdoodle.embed.mongo.config.MongodConfigBuilder; import de.flapdoodle.embed.mongo.config.Net; import de.flapdoodle.embed.mongo.distribution.Version;/*** This class will have functionality required when running integration tests so* that invidivual classes do not need to implement the same functionality.* * @author dinuka**/ @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) @SpringBootTest @AutoConfigureMockMvc public abstract class BaseIntegrationTest {@Autowiredprotected MockMvc mockMvc;protected ObjectMapper mapper;private static MongodExecutable mongodExecutable;@Autowiredprotected MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;@Beforepublic void setUp() {mapper = new ObjectMapper();}@Afterpublic void after() {mongoTemplate.dropCollection(JusticeLeagueMemberDetail.class);}/*** Here we are setting up an embedded mongodb instance to run with our* integration tests.* * @throws UnknownHostException* @throws IOException*/@BeforeClasspublic static void beforeClass() throws UnknownHostException, IOException {MongodStarter starter = MongodStarter.getDefaultInstance();IMongodConfig mongoConfig = new MongodConfigBuilder().version(Version.Main.PRODUCTION).net(new Net(27017, false)).build();mongodExecutable = starter.prepare(mongoConfig);try {mongodExecutable.start();} catch (Exception e) {closeMongoExecutable();}}@AfterClasspublic static void afterClass() {closeMongoExecutable();}private static void closeMongoExecutable() {if (mongodExecutable != null) {mongodExecutable.stop();}}}package com.justiceleague.justiceleaguemodule.web.rest.controller;import org.hamcrest.beans.SamePropertyValuesAs; import org.junit.Assert; import org.junit.Test; import org.springframework.http.MediaType; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders; import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers;import com.justiceleague.justiceleaguemodule.constants.MessageConstants; import com.justiceleague.justiceleaguemodule.constants.MessageConstants.ErrorMessages; import com.justiceleague.justiceleaguemodule.domain.JusticeLeagueMemberDetail; import com.justiceleague.justiceleaguemodule.test.util.BaseIntegrationTest; import com.justiceleague.justiceleaguemodule.web.dto.JusticeLeagueMemberDTO; import com.justiceleague.justiceleaguemodule.web.dto.ResponseDTO; import com.justiceleague.justiceleaguemodule.web.dto.ResponseDTO.Status;/*** This class will test out the REST controller layer implemented by* {@link JusticeLeagueManagementController}* * @author dinuka**/ public class JusticeLeagueManagementControllerTest extends BaseIntegrationTest {/*** This method will test if the justice league member is added successfully* when valid details are passed in.* * @throws Exception*/@Testpublic void testAddJusticeLeagueMember() throws Exception {JusticeLeagueMemberDTO flash = new JusticeLeagueMemberDTO("Barry Allen", "super speed", "Central City");String jsonContent = mapper.writeValueAsString(flash);String response = mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/justiceleague/addMember").accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).content(jsonContent)).andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isCreated()).andReturn().getResponse().getContentAsString();ResponseDTO expected = new ResponseDTO(Status.SUCCESS, MessageConstants.MEMBER_ADDED_SUCCESSFULLY);ResponseDTO receivedResponse = mapper.readValue(response, ResponseDTO.class);Assert.assertThat(receivedResponse, SamePropertyValuesAs.samePropertyValuesAs(expected));}/*** This method will test if an appropriate failure response is given when* the member being added already exists within the system.* * @throws Exception*/@Testpublic void testAddJusticeLeagueMemberWhenMemberAlreadyExists() throws Exception {JusticeLeagueMemberDetail flashDetail = new JusticeLeagueMemberDetail("Barry Allen", "super speed","Central City");mongoTemplate.save(flashDetail);JusticeLeagueMemberDTO flash = new JusticeLeagueMemberDTO("Barry Allen", "super speed", "Central City");String jsonContent = mapper.writeValueAsString(flash);String response = mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/justiceleague/addMember").accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).content(jsonContent)).andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isCreated()).andReturn().getResponse().getContentAsString();ResponseDTO expected = new ResponseDTO(Status.FAIL, ErrorMessages.MEMBER_ALREDY_EXISTS);ResponseDTO receivedResponse = mapper.readValue(response, ResponseDTO.class);Assert.assertThat(receivedResponse, SamePropertyValuesAs.samePropertyValuesAs(expected));}/*** This method will test if a valid client error is given if the data* required are not passed within the JSON request payload which in this* case is the super hero name.* * @throws Exception*/@Testpublic void testAddJusticeLeagueMemberWhenNameNotPassedIn() throws Exception {// The super hero name is passed in as null here to see whether the// validation error handling kicks in.JusticeLeagueMemberDTO flash = new JusticeLeagueMemberDTO(null, "super speed", "Central City");String jsonContent = mapper.writeValueAsString(flash);mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/justiceleague/addMember").accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).content(jsonContent)).andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().is4xxClientError());}}

就是這樣。 借助Spring Boot的強(qiáng)大功能，Alfred能夠通過公開的REST API獲得最低限度的正義聯(lián)盟管理系統(tǒng)。 我們將在接下來的時(shí)間基于該應(yīng)用程序構(gòu)建，并查看Alfred如何提出將這個(gè)應(yīng)用程序通過docker部署到由Kubernetes管理的Amazon AWS實(shí)例上。 激動(dòng)人心的時(shí)代即將來臨。

翻譯自: https://www.javacodegeeks.com/2017/07/spring-boot-justice-league.html

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