如何在不支付Adobe Photoshop费用的情况下处理Camera Raw
You might think that you need expensive software to take advantage of Camera RAW—something like Photoshop or the more modestly priced Lightroom. Fortunately there is freeware that can help you achieve professional results without professional costs.
您可能會(huì)認(rèn)為您需要昂貴的軟件才能利用Camera RAW(例如Photoshop或更便宜的Lightroom)。 幸運(yùn)的是，有免費(fèi)軟件可以幫助您獲得專(zhuān)業(yè)成果，而無(wú)需支付專(zhuān)業(yè)費(fèi)用。
Shooting in JPG can be very limiting, so Camera RAW formats can give you superior images, as long as you can process (or develop) your images. Adobe has great tools for developing camera RAW, but, as we know, Adobe products are expensive and sometimes cost prohibitive. Read on to see a great Freeware option, with a simple How-To describing how to properly use it.
使用JPG拍攝可能會(huì)受到很大限制，因此，只要您可以處理(或顯影)圖像，Camera RAW格式就可以為您提供出色的圖像。 Adobe具有用于開(kāi)發(fā)相機(jī)RAW的強(qiáng)大工具，但是，眾所周知，Adobe產(chǎn)品價(jià)格昂貴，有時(shí)價(jià)格過(guò)高。 請(qǐng)繼續(xù)閱讀以查看出色的“免費(fèi)軟件”選項(xiàng)，其中包含一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的“如何操作”說(shuō)明如何正確使用它。
在Camera RAW上刷新 (Refreshing on Camera RAW)
Camera RAW, which is more of a collection of proprietary filetypes than a single filetype, can be thought of as a digital negative. How-To Geek has already done a more thorough explanation of Camera RAW earlier this month, if you care to learn more. However, the thing to keep in mind is that RAW is not simply an image file, but rather RAW image data that needs processing. This is a good thing—because shooting in JPG makes decisions for you that can’t be changed. So that’s what we’re setting out to do… make those changes in our RAW file with free software.
Camera RAW比單個(gè)文件類(lèi)型更多地是專(zhuān)有文件類(lèi)型的集合，可以被認(rèn)為是數(shù)字負(fù)片。 如果您想了解更多信息，本月早些時(shí)候，How-To Geek已經(jīng)對(duì)Camera RAW進(jìn)行了更詳盡的解釋。 但是，請(qǐng)記住，RAW不僅僅是圖像文件，而是需要處理的RAW圖像數(shù)據(jù)。 這是一件好事-因?yàn)槭褂肑PG拍攝會(huì)為您做出無(wú)法更改的決定。 這就是我們要要做的……使用免費(fèi)軟件在RAW文件中進(jìn)行這些更改。
Raw Therapee是一個(gè)免費(fèi)的RAW編輯器 (Raw Therapee is a Freeware RAW Editor)
Download Raw Therapee version 2.4.1 for Windows
下載適用于Windows的Raw Therapee版本2.4.1
Download Raw Therapee version 2.4.1 for Linux (tgz)
下載適用于Linux的Raw Therapee版本2.4.1(tgz)
The most current version is of Raw Therapee is 2.4.1, and even though it is several years old, it is still an excellent solution for the budget-minded photographer. A newer version is still in the works, as of January 2011, with source code available for compiling unstable versions for Windows, OS X, and Linux.
最新版本是Raw Therapee，是2.4.1，盡管它已有數(shù)年歷史，但對(duì)于預(yù)算有限的攝影師來(lái)說(shuō)，仍然是一個(gè)出色的解決方案。 截至2011年1月，仍在開(kāi)發(fā)新版本，其源代碼可用于編譯Windows，OS X和Linux的不穩(wěn)定版本。
Unless you are very adventurous, you’ll want to download the older version and simply keep an eye on http://www.rawtherapee.com for version 3.0.
除非您非常喜歡冒險(xiǎn)，否則您將需要下載舊版本并只需關(guān)注http://www.rawtherapee.com以獲得3.0版。
處理相機(jī)RAW圖像 (Processing Camera RAW Images)
Raw Therapee looks like this upon opening. In order to begin processing our RAW photographs, we’ll have to navigate to find them, using the file tree on the bottom left.
原始治療者在打開(kāi)時(shí)看起來(lái)像這樣。 為了開(kāi)始處理RAW照片，我們必須使用左下方的文件樹(shù)進(jìn)行導(dǎo)航以找到它們。
This is simple enough. Find this area on the bottom left and navigate to where which drive your RAW photographs are kept on. Double click your folder to bring up your images in the strip below.
這很簡(jiǎn)單。 在左下角找到該區(qū)域，然后導(dǎo)航到將RAW照片保留在哪個(gè)驅(qū)動(dòng)器上。 雙擊您的文件夾以在下面的小條中顯示您的圖像。
All images in the folder will display in a strip, giving you the ability to browse for the file you want to develop.
文件夾中的所有圖像都將顯示在條中，使您能夠?yàn)g覽要開(kāi)發(fā)的文件。
Right clicking your image will give you this contextual menu. Click “open” to begin processing your RAW file.
右鍵單擊圖像將為您提供此上下文菜單。 單擊“打開(kāi)”開(kāi)始處理您的RAW文件。
Your image loads in the center preview window. Let’s take a quick tour around this window to see what Raw Therapee offers us.
您的圖像會(huì)加載到中央預(yù)覽窗口中。 讓我們快速瀏覽此窗口，以查看Raw Therapee為我們提供的服務(wù)。
定位原始治療工具 (Locating the Tools of Raw Therapee)
Scale: Zoom into your image here. Because the Detail area to the right looks very similar, you’ll want to look here to zoom in and out of your image.
縮放：在此處放大圖像。 由于右側(cè)的“細(xì)節(jié)”區(qū)域看起來(lái)非常相似，因此您需要在此處查看以放大和縮小圖像。
Histogram: A visual representation of the value distribution of your currently loaded image. This histogram corresponds to the earlier image of the “Private Property” sign. The bottom axis corresponds to a value scale, with the leftmost part representing 100% black, and the rightmost part representing 100% white. The vertical axis represents the concentration of the corresponding value. What we can see from this, is that this image is mostly full off gray, as the RGB values are all similar, and are also concentrated into the same general area, a small distance away from pure white. Looking at the loaded image, we can see that is a fair representation of that image.
直方圖：當(dāng)前加載圖像的值分布的直觀表示。 該直方圖對(duì)應(yīng)于“私有屬性”符號(hào)的較早圖像。 底軸對(duì)應(yīng)于值刻度，最左邊的部分代表100％黑色，最右邊的部分代表100％白色。 縱軸表示相應(yīng)值的濃度。 從中我們可以看到，由于RGB值都相似，因此該圖像大部分是灰色的，并且也集中在相同的常規(guī)區(qū)域中，與純白色相距很小的距離。 查看加載的圖像，我們可以看到它是該圖像的合理表示。
Postprocessing Profiles: Editing a RAW photograph can be difficult work. Once you’ve spent the time meticulously adjusting the image temperature and exposure, you’ll want to save your settings here and apply them to every picture you took under similar conditions.
后處理配置文件：編輯RAW照片可能很困難。 一旦花費(fèi)了時(shí)間精心調(diào)整圖像溫度和曝光度，您將想要在此處保存設(shè)置，并將其應(yīng)用于在類(lèi)似條件下拍攝的每張照片。
RAW Processing Tools: This is the main event, with almost all of your important tools buried here. This area, located on the far right of the application, will allow you to fine tune your Camera RAW photographs with ease. Let’s dive in and tweak that photo.
RAW處理工具：這是主要事件，幾乎所有重要工具都埋在這里。 該區(qū)域位于應(yīng)用程序的最右側(cè)，可讓您輕松微調(diào)Camera RAW照片。 讓我們潛入并調(diào)整照片。
設(shè)置白平衡，又稱(chēng)圖像溫度 (Setting White Balance, AKA Image Temperature)
Cameras have to be set to capture color based on the quality of light that is hitting your lens, and this setting is called White Balance. Some lights are cool, others are warm, and this is sensibly called Temperature. You can learn more about it in other How-To Geek Articles, or simply take play with your settings until you find the temperature setting appropriate for the light you shot your images in.
必須將相機(jī)設(shè)置為根據(jù)入射到鏡頭的光的質(zhì)量來(lái)捕獲顏色，該設(shè)置稱(chēng)為“白平衡” 。 有些燈光很酷，有些燈光很暖，這被合理地稱(chēng)為溫度。 您可以在其他“ How-To Geek”文章中了解有關(guān)它的更多信息，或者簡(jiǎn)單地進(jìn)行設(shè)置，直到找到適合您所拍攝圖像的光線的溫度設(shè)置。
Most likely your camera will choose an “Auto” white balance if you are shooting RAW. Let’s adjust it to improve our image quality.
如果您正在拍攝RAW，則相機(jī)很可能會(huì)選擇“自動(dòng)”白平衡。 讓我們對(duì)其進(jìn)行調(diào)整以提高圖像質(zhì)量。
Locate the “Color” tab, temporarily ignoring “Exposure.”
找到“顏色”標(biāo)簽，暫時(shí)忽略“曝光”。
A temperature of 5000K is what is considered “Natural Daylight.” As these shots were taken outdoors, 5000 is a decent setting to start with. Less than 5000 will be cooler, over will be warmer. Adjust this according to the environment you shot your photographs in.
5000K的溫度被稱(chēng)為“自然日光”。 由于這些照片是在戶(hù)外拍攝的，因此從5000開(kāi)始是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的設(shè)置。 少于5000會(huì)更涼，超過(guò)會(huì)更熱。 根據(jù)您拍攝照片的環(huán)境進(jìn)行調(diào)整。
Our image is a normal hue again, although it can be adjusted to lean a little cooler, considering the content of the image.
盡管考慮到圖像的內(nèi)容，可以將其調(diào)整為稍微偏冷，但圖像還是正常的。
調(diào)整原始被治療者的暴露 (Adjusting Exposure in Raw Therapee)
Return to your “Exposure” Tab in your right hand panel.
返回右側(cè)面板中的“曝光”標(biāo)簽。
Adjust your values here as you see fit—each one will affect your image in drastically different ways.
在您認(rèn)為合適時(shí)在此處調(diào)整您的值-每個(gè)值都會(huì)以完全不同的方式影響您的圖像。
Apart from looking at your image as you adjust it, checking your Histogram as you adjust can ensure that you get the richest possible results. The first histogram is an “enhanced” version of this image, while the second and third are poor versions. The second is too dark, the third too light. Your goal is usually to ensure good detail throughout your image, while giving yourself good value range through lights and darks.
除了在調(diào)整圖像時(shí)查看圖像之外，在調(diào)整圖像時(shí)檢查直方圖可以確保獲得最豐富的結(jié)果。 第一個(gè)直方圖是此圖像的“增強(qiáng)”版本，而第二個(gè)和第三個(gè)直方圖是較差的版本。 第二個(gè)太暗，第三個(gè)太亮。 您的目標(biāo)通常是確保整個(gè)圖像都具有良好的細(xì)節(jié)，同時(shí)通過(guò)光線和黑暗來(lái)給自己提供良好的價(jià)值范圍。
While every part of this process is subjective, you are given the tools to develop your image for the best result possible. Achieving detail in both highlight and shadow areas is a good goal, although you may choose to stylize your image by making either more harsh.
盡管此過(guò)程的每個(gè)部分都是主觀的，但是您將獲得開(kāi)發(fā)圖像的工具，以獲得最佳效果。 在高光和陰影區(qū)域都實(shí)現(xiàn)細(xì)節(jié)是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的目標(biāo)，盡管您可以選擇使圖像更加粗糙，從而使圖像風(fēng)格化。
If you’re not sick of tweaking your highlights and darks, there are additional tools for even more control over highlights and shadows. You’ll find them underneath “Shadows/Highlights” on your toolbar on the right. They are fairly straightforward, and will give you good results if you use them after first tweaking your exposure. “Luminance Curve” is also available for an even further level of tweaking.
如果您不討厭調(diào)整高光和暗度，則可以使用其他工具來(lái)更好地控制高光和暗度。 您會(huì)在右側(cè)工具欄的“陰影/高光”下方找到它們。 它們相當(dāng)簡(jiǎn)單，如果您在第一次調(diào)整曝光后使用它們，將會(huì)為您帶來(lái)良好的效果。 “亮度曲線”也可用于進(jìn)一步的調(diào)整。
If you are satisfied with your image after any level of adjustment, you may stop. It is possible to overdo your tweaks to images.
如果您對(duì)圖像進(jìn)行了任何程度的調(diào)整后都滿意，則可以停止。 可能會(huì)過(guò)度調(diào)整圖像。
完成圖像處理 (Complete Your Image Processing)
When you are pleased with your image and feel it is complete, you can always use the “Save As” button on the right to save your results as a JPG or PNG to use in other programs. However, let’s apply our hard work to our image before closing up shop.
當(dāng)您對(duì)圖像感到滿意并感覺(jué)到圖像完整時(shí)，可以隨時(shí)使用右側(cè)的“另存為”按鈕將結(jié)果另存為JPG或PNG，以便在其他程序中使用。 但是，讓我們?cè)陉P(guān)閉店鋪之前將我們的辛勤工作應(yīng)用到我們的形象上。
You’ll need to find the gear icon above to find the processing panel. Click it to switch to the processing queue view.
您需要在上方找到齒輪圖標(biāo)才能找到處理面板。 單擊它以切換到處理隊(duì)列視圖。
Click “Start Processing” to render your image. When it is finished, you won’t get any weird errors about unprocessed images, and you can close the program normally. You will still be able to re-adjust your image from your original RAW settings, or even use a new profile for a whole new look.
單擊“開(kāi)始處理”以渲染圖像。 完成后，您將不會(huì)收到有關(guān)未處理圖像的任何奇怪錯(cuò)誤，并且可以正常關(guān)閉程序。 您仍然可以通過(guò)原始RAW設(shè)置重新調(diào)整圖像，甚至可以使用新的配置文件獲得全新外觀。
Download Raw Therapee version 2.4.1 for Windows
下載適用于Windows的Raw Therapee版本2.4.1
Download Raw Therapee version 2.4.1 for Linux (tgz)
下載適用于Linux的Raw Therapee版本2.4.1(tgz)
Have questions or comments concerning Graphics, Photos, Filetypes, or Photoshop? Send your questions to
對(duì)圖形，照片，文件類(lèi)型或Photoshop有疑問(wèn)或意見(jiàn)嗎？ 將您的問(wèn)題發(fā)送到ericgoodnight@howtogeek.com, and they may be featured in a future How-To Geek Graphics article. ericgoodnight@howtogeek.com ，它們可能會(huì)在以后的How-To Geek Graphics文章中介紹。
Image Credit: Negative by ollycoffey, available under Creative Commons. All Other Images copyright the author, Eric Z Goodnight and Brad Goodnight.
圖片來(lái)源： ollycoffey的負(fù)面圖片，可在“知識(shí)共享”下找到。 所有其他圖像的作者均為Eric Z Goodnight和Brad Goodnight。
翻譯自: https://www.howtogeek.com/howto/41454/how-to-process-camera-raw-without-paying-for-adobe-photoshop/
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