/** std::string深入詳解* Visual Studio 2008Sp1, 使用Ctrl + F5啟動調(diào)試*/ #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <cstdio> #include <cstddef> #include <cstring> #include <cstdlib> //qsort #include <errno.h> /* Error Codes */ #include <numeric> #include <algorithm> using namespace std;//#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS with /D #pragma warning(disable:4996) //disable stupid warning of This function or variable may be unsafe. //Consider using strerror_s instead#define MAXLEN 1000 char line[MAXLEN];int getline(char s[], int lim) {int ch = 0, i;i = 0;while(--lim > 0 && ((ch = getchar()) != EOF) && ch != '\n')s[i++] = ch;if (ch =='\n')s[i++] = ch;s[i] = '\0';return i; }//raise int cmp(const void *a, const void *b) {return *(char *)b - *(char *)a; }int main(int argc, char *argv[]){const basic_string<char> s1("test something");string s2("test");// The first member function C-stringstring stra("hello ");const char *cstra = "c-string";stra.append(cstra);cout<<"Appending the C-string cstra to string stra gives: "<<stra<<endl<<endl;The second member functionconst char *cstrb = "some elsd";stra.append(cstrb,2);cout<<stra<<endl<<endl;cout<<"input a character string"<<endl;if(getline(line, MAXLEN) < 1)exit(1);//quick sortcout<<"before line: "<<line<<endl;qsort(line, sizeof(line)/sizeof(line[0]), sizeof(line[0]), cmp);cout<<"quick sort line: "<<line<<endl;///string 測試cout<<"測試string ss，下面給出ss的字符串："<<endl<<endl;string ss(" maybe you are long long girl, i'm who are you.12563.");cout<<ss<<endl<<endl;cout<<ss.find_first_not_of(' ')<<endl; //前面有很多空格，查找第一個非空格的cout<<ss.find_first_not_of("abcdefghijkmno")<<endl; //返回第一個不在指定字符集里面的元素位置cout<<ss.find_last_not_of("abcdefghijkmno")<<endl;cout<<ss.find("longk")<<endl; //如果string中沒有查找的內(nèi)容，他會超出范圍的去查找cout<<"計算string ss中的 o 個數(shù)："<<count(ss.begin(), ss.end(), 'o')<<endl;cout<<"string ss的長度: "<<ss.size()<<", string ss中的字母和數(shù)字: "<<count_if(ss.begin(), ss.end(), isalnum)<<endl; //條件比較，ctype.h isalnum判斷字母或者是數(shù)字////strcspn && strspncout<<endl<<endl<<endl;const char *pszTest = "long long ago, there is girl, she\'name is little redhat";cout<<"\r\n測試strcspn()函數(shù)，待測試的字符串pszTest: "<<pszTest<<endl;cout<<"長度："<<strlen(pszTest)<<"---firt_not_of length `xyza` "<<strcspn(pszTest, "xyza")<<endl;////test strtokchar str[] = "now#is the time for all#####good men to come to the#aid of their country\0";char *delims = "#";char *token = NULL;cout<<"\n\n測試strtok函數(shù)（linux下請使用函數(shù)·char *strsep (char ** __stringp, const char * __delim)·）,""待測試的字符串：\n"<<str<<endl<<endl;token = strtok(str, delims); //線程不安全的函數(shù), 列外str被破壞掉了while(token != NULL){printf("%s\n", token);token = strtok(NULL, delims);}////memchrcout<<"\n\n\n測試函數(shù)void * memchr (void * ptr, int value, size_t num );\r\n"<<endl;char *pch;int ch;ch = 'e';strcpy(str, "now#is the time for all#####good men to come to the#aid of their country" );cout<<"The test str:\n"<<str<<endl;pch = (char *)memchr(str, ch, strlen(str));if (pch != NULL){printf(">>Character \'%c\' is found at %d.\n", ch, pch - str +1);printf(">>%s\n", pch);}else{printf("Fuck, Character \'%c\' is NOT found!\n", ch);}cout<<"\n\n"<<endl;////strerrorcout<<"測試strerror(),創(chuàng)造一個error: press any key continue..."<<endl;cin.get();//for(int err = 1; err < 42; err++){// printf("Error code%d: %s\n", err, strerror(err)); //}FILE *file;file = fopen("unexist.file", "r");if(file == NULL) printf("Open file crashed, Error code %d: %s\n", errno, strerror(errno));/////strcasecmpcout<<"\n\n測試strcasecmp()函數(shù)，輸入一只動物吧！(dog,cat,etc...)"<<endl;/*使用自己的C函數(shù)*/if(getline(line, MAXLEN) >1){line[strlen(line) - 1] = '\0'; //delete new line/* do something compare */if (stricmp(line, "dog") == 0){ //stricmp實質(zhì)是引用了string.h中的strcasecmp()函數(shù)，坑爹啊printf("Dog is very interesting....en?\n");}else if (stricmp(line, "cat") == 0){printf("Actually, I do not like cats.\n");}else if(stricmp(line, "cow") == 0){printf("Cattle (colloquially cows) are the most common type of large domesticated ungulates.""They are a prominent modern member of the subfamily Bovinae, are the most widespread ""species of the genus Bos, and are most commonly classified collectively as Bos primigenius."" Cattle are raised as livestock for meat (beef and veal), as dairy animals for milk and ""other dairy products, and as draft animals (oxen / bullocks) (pulling carts, plows and ""the like). Other products include leather and dung for manure or fuel. In some countries, ""such as India, cattle are sacred. From as few as eighty progenitors domesticated in ""southeast Turkey about 10,500 years ago, it is estimated that there are now 1.3 billion ""cattle in the world today.\n");}else if (stricmp(line, "pig") == 0){printf("A pig is any of the animals in the genus Sus, within the Suidae family of even-toed ""ungulates. Pigs include the domestic pig, its ancestor the wild boar, and several other ""wild relatives. Pigs are omnivores and are highly social and intelligent animals.\n");}else{printf("%s ,?what animal it was??\n", line);}}//使用istream對象, std::string convert to C-style stringcout<<"輸入一些什么東西吧\n"<<endl;std::string szline;std::getline(std::cin, szline); //don't be std::cinstrcpy(line, szline.c_str());printf(">>%s\n", line);/////下面看看一個typedef與const的結(jié)合typedef std::string *pstring;//const pstring mystring; //error, 因為mystring變量是const類型的，先要初始化//const int jj; //errorstd::string mystr1("got some string here.");std::string mystr2("wow,i got the second string.");const pstring mystring = &mystr1;//mystring = &mystr2; //error 指針mystring只是指向mystr1的cout<<"mystring: \n"<<*mystring<<endl;mystring->append(" some append string.");cout<<"after append of mystring:\n"<<*mystring<<endl;return 0; }

輸出結(jié)果

Appending the C-string cstra to string stra gives: hello c-stringhello c-stringsoinput a character string long long ago, there is girl, she's name is little redhat.. before line: long long ago, there is girl, she's name is little redhat..quick sort line: ttttssssrrrooonnnmllllliiiihhhggggeeeeeedaaa..,,'測試string ss，下面給出ss的字符串：maybe you are long long girl, i'm who are you.12563.4 0 55 4294967295 計算string ss中的 o 個數(shù)：5 string ss的長度: 56, string ss中的字母和數(shù)字: 39測試strcspn()函數(shù)，待測試的字符串pszTest: long long ago, there is girl, she'nameis little redhat 長度：55---firt_not_of length `xyza` 10測試strtok函數(shù)（linux下請使用函數(shù)·char *strsep (char ** __stringp, const char *__delim)·）,待測試的字符串： now#is the time for all#####good men to come to the#aid of their countrynow is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country測試函數(shù)void * memchr (void * ptr, int value, size_t num );The test str: now#is the time for all#####good men to come to the#aid of their country >>Character 'e' is found at 10. >>e time for all#####good men to come to the#aid of their country測試strerror(),創(chuàng)造一個error: press any key continue...Open file crashed, Error code 2: No such file or directory測試strcasecmp()函數(shù)，輸入一只動物吧！(dog,cat,etc...) pig A pig is any of the animals in the genus Sus, within the Suidae family of even-t oed ungulates. Pigs include the domestic pig, its ancestor the wild boar, and se veral other wild relatives. Pigs are omnivores and are highly social and intelli gent animals. 輸入一些什么東西吧lol.file >>lol.file mystring: got some string here. after append of mystring: got some string here. some append string. 請按任意鍵繼續(xù). . .

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