yum更换本地源、yum下载和源码包安装
7.6 yum更換國內(nèi)源
- 恢復(fù)系統(tǒng)默認yum源配置:
- 自定義yum源:
說明: 執(zhí)行完curl命令后,原有yum源文件CentOS-Base.repo被替換成CentOS7-Base-163.repo。查看該yum源文件:
[root@gaohanwei yum.repos.d]# vim CentOS7-Base-163.repo # # CentOS-Base.repo # # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and # geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates # unless you are manually picking other mirrors. # # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the # remarked out baseurl= line instead. # # [base] name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - 163.com #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7#released updates [updates] name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - 163.com #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates"CentOS7-Base-163.repo" 41L, 1572C其鏡像文件地址更換為:“baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/”。
注: 該過程中使用的yum源需要事先下載。
7.7 yum下載rpm包
安裝擴展源epel
安裝一個擴展源文件(epel-release)即可:
[root@gaohanwei yum.repos.d]# ls CentOS7-Base-163.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Vault.repo CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Sources.repo [root@gaohanwei yum.repos.d]# yum install -y epel-release …… 已安裝:epel-release.noarch 0:7-9 完畢! [root@gaohanwei yum.repos.d]# ls CentOS7-Base-163.repo CentOS-fasttrack.repo CentOS-Vault.repo CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-Media.repo epel.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Sources.repo epel-testing.repo安裝完成后,yum.repos.d/下增加“epel.repo”、“epel-testing.repo”兩個文件:
[root@gaohanwei yum.repos.d]# cat epel.repo [epel] name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch #baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/$basearch mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-7&arch=$basearch failovermethod=priority enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7 ……查看:
[root@gaohanwei yum.repos.d]# yum list …… zulucrypt-doc.noarch 5.0.1-1.el7 epel zulucrypt-libs.x86_64 5.0.1-1.el7 epel zvbi.x86_64 0.2.35-1.el7 epel ……增加了很多來自epel庫的rpm包。
7.8下載rpm包
下載
命令:yum install -y [包名] --downloadonly
[root@gaohanwei yum.repos.d]# yum install -y zsh --downloadonly 已加載插件:fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile …… zsh-5.0.2-25.el7_3.1.x86_64.rpm | 2.4 MB 00:00:02 exiting because "Download Only" specified [root@gaohanwei yum.repos.d]# rpm -q zsh 未安裝軟件包 zsh即,該命令的含義就是只下載不安裝。
下載的包默認保存位置為:
自定義下載目錄
命令:
yum install -y [包名] --downloadonly --downloaddir=/tmp/(自定義目錄)
[root@gaohanwei yum.repos.d]# yum install -y zsh --downloadonly --downloaddir=/tmp/ [root@gaohanwei yum.repos.d]# ls /tmp/ zsh-5.0.2-25.el7_3.1.x86_64.rpm下載一個已經(jīng)安裝過的包:
[root@gaohanwei yum.repos.d]# yum install -y vim-enhanced --downloadonly --downloaddir=/tmp/ 已加載插件:fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile* epel: mirror01.idc.hinet.net 軟件包 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.160-1.el7_3.1.x86_64 已安裝并且是最新版本 無須任何處理 [root@gaohanwei yum.repos.d]# yum reinstall -y vim-enhanced --downloadonly --downloaddir=/tmp/ 已加載插件:fastestmirror …… [root@gaohanwei yum.repos.d]# ls /tmp/ vim-enhanced-7.4.160-1.el7_3.1.x86_64.rpm zsh-5.0.2-25.el7_3.1.x86_64.rpm說明: 當(dāng)下一個已經(jīng)安裝過的包時系統(tǒng)不會執(zhí)行任何操作,此時可以使用“reinstall”來下該包。
7.8-7.9 源碼包安裝
先下載一個源碼包!
注: 今后所有源碼包放到目錄“/usr/local/src/”!!!
[root@gaohanwei src]# wget http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/httpd/httpd-2.2.32.tar.gz 下載Apache!該地址來自于“阿銘碼市”。 下載完后解壓該文件: [root@gaohanwei src]# tar zxvf httpd-2.2.32.tar.gz [root@gaohanwei src]# ls httpd-2.2.32 httpd-2.2.32.tar.gz查看文件httpd-2.2.32的內(nèi)容:[root@gaohanwei src]# cd httpd-2.2.32 [root@gaohanwei httpd-2.2.32]# ls ABOUT_APACHE CHANGES httpd.dsp libhttpd.dep NOTICE server acinclude.m4 config.layout httpd.mak libhttpd.dsp NWGNUmakefile srclib Apache.dsw configure httpd.spec libhttpd.mak os support build configure.in include LICENSE README test BuildAll.dsp docs INSTALL Makefile.in README.platforms VERSIONING BuildBin.dsp emacs-style InstallBin.dsp Makefile.win README-win32.txt buildconf httpd.dep LAYOUT modules ROADMAP安裝Apache:
① [root@gaohanwei httpd-2.2.32]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 checking for chosen layout... Apache checking for working mkdir -p... yes …… checking for chosen layout... apr checking for gcc... no checking for cc... no當(dāng)某命令運行結(jié)束后,使用"echo $?"檢驗其是否正確:[root@gaohanwei httpd-2.2.32]# echo $? 1 當(dāng)該值為0時表示上一條命令正確,如果值為1則錯誤。 此處值為1,即上面命令錯誤,查看其安裝過程發(fā)現(xiàn)“checking for gcc... no”——表示“gcc”編譯器不存在,所以需要先安裝gcc編譯器: [root@gaohanwei httpd-2.2.32]# yum install -y gcc ………… 完畢! [root@gaohanwei httpd-2.2.32]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 再次安裝。 [root@gaohanwei httpd-2.2.32]# echo $? 0 檢測,正確。 ② [root@gaohanwei httpd-2.2.32]# make 編譯! …… [root@gaohanwei httpd-2.2.32]# echo $? 0③ [root@gaohanwei httpd-2.2.32]# make install …… [root@gaohanwei httpd-2.2.32]# echo $? 0 每次命令執(zhí)行完后用“echo $?”進行檢測,確保其正確。 安裝完成! 查看其安裝目錄的內(nèi)容: [root@gaohanwei httpd-2.2.32]# ls /usr/local/apache2/ bin build cgi-bin conf error htdocs icons include lib logs man manual modules注: 下載源碼包要到官方網(wǎng)站或可信任站點——安全!
轉(zhuǎn)載于:https://blog.51cto.com/13530586/2059277
總結(jié)
以上是生活随笔為你收集整理的yum更换本地源、yum下载和源码包安装的全部內(nèi)容,希望文章能夠幫你解決所遇到的問題。
- 上一篇: win7中USB音箱没有声音解决的方法
- 下一篇: Service pack是什么