Android WebView 調用相機、相冊，壓縮圖片后上傳

聲明：文中代碼根據多篇博客進行修改，由本人縫合而成，對應地方會放出原文鏈接。

重寫webChromeClient的onShowFileChooser方法

@Overridepublic boolean onShowFileChooser(WebView webView, ValueCallback<Uri[]> filePathCallback, FileChooserParams fileChooserParams) {mUploadCallbackAboveL = filePathCallback;openAlbum();return true;}

fileChooserParams可以接收h5中input標簽的一些參數，選擇好文件后，將文件uri傳遞給filePathCallback。
原文鏈接：調用原生相機、相冊

選擇調用相機或相冊

private void openAlbum() {// 指定拍照存儲位置的方式調起相機String filePath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + File.separator+ Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES + File.separator;String fileName = "IMG_" + DateFormat.format("yyyyMMdd_hhmmss", Calendar.getInstance(Locale.CHINA)) + ".jpg";image = new File(filePath + fileName);imageUri = Uri.fromFile(image);Intent captureIntent = new Intent(android.provider.MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);captureIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, imageUri);Intent Photo = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI);Intent chooserIntent = Intent.createChooser(Photo, "選擇照片");chooserIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_INITIAL_INTENTS, new Parcelable[]{captureIntent});startActivityForResult(chooserIntent, REQUEST_CODE);}

通過imageUri保存調用相機拍照的照片的存儲位置。用Intent打開選擇相機、相冊或文件夾的activity。

接收選擇照片，或者拍照返回的uri

@Overrideprotected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE) {if (mUploadCallbackAboveL != null) {chooseAbove(resultCode, data);} else {Toast.makeText(this, "發生錯誤", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}}}

choosAbove方法來處理獲取后的uri，并回傳給filePathCallback。

處理uri
具體的處理步驟，通過uri獲取到圖片的path，讀取圖片，壓縮圖片后重新存儲，將壓縮后的圖片uri進行回傳
（1）. chooseAbove方法

private void chooseAbove(int resultCode, Intent data) {if (RESULT_OK == resultCode) {updatePhotos();if (data != null) { // 處理選擇的照片Uri[] results;Uri uriData = data.getData();if (uriData != null) {results = new Uri[]{uriData};try {Uri compressImageUri = ImageCompressUtils.compressBmpFromBmp(uriToString(uriData));mUploadCallbackAboveL.onReceiveValue(new Uri[]{compressImageUri});} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();requestWritePermission();}} else {mUploadCallbackAboveL.onReceiveValue(null);}} else { // 處理拍照的照片try {Uri compressImageUri = ImageCompressUtils.compressBmpFromBmp(imageUri.getPath());mUploadCallbackAboveL.onReceiveValue(new Uri[]{compressImageUri});} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();requestWritePermission();}}} else {mUploadCallbackAboveL.onReceiveValue(null);}mUploadCallbackAboveL = null;}

由于拍照的照片存儲在imageUri，這里將拍照和相冊選擇分開處理，注意，如果沒有選擇照片，給filePathCallback傳一個空值，防止上傳只能點擊一次后失效。

（2）. 壓縮圖片的工具類ImageCompressUtils

原文鏈接圖片壓縮工具類（解決了壓縮后圖片被旋轉的問題）

public class ImageCompressUtils {/*** @param srcPath* @return* @description 將圖片從本地讀到內存時，即圖片從File形式變為Bitmap形式* 特點：通過設置采樣率，減少圖片的像素，達到對內存中的Bitmao進行壓縮* 方法說明: 該方法就是對Bitmap形式的圖片進行壓縮, 也就是通過設置采樣率, 減少Bitmap的像素, 從而減少了它所占用的內存*/public static Uri compressBmpFromBmp(String srcPath) { // String srcPathStr = srcPath;BitmapFactory.Options newOptions = new BitmapFactory.Options();newOptions.inJustDecodeBounds = true;//只讀邊，不讀內容Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(srcPath, newOptions);newOptions.inJustDecodeBounds = false;int w = newOptions.outWidth;int h = newOptions.outHeight;float hh = 800f;float ww = 480f;int be = 1;if (w > h && w > ww) {be = (int) (newOptions.outWidth / ww);} else if (w < h && h > hh) {be = (int) (newOptions.outHeight / hh);}if (be <= 0)be = 1;newOptions.inSampleSize = be;//設置采樣率newOptions.inPreferredConfig = Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888;//該模式是默認的，可不設newOptions.inPurgeable = true;//同時設置才會有效newOptions.inInputShareable = true;//當系統內存不夠時候圖片會自動被回收bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(srcPath, newOptions);int degree = readPictureDegree(srcPath);bitmap = rotateBitmap(bitmap, degree);return compressBmpToFile(bitmap);}/*** @param bmp* @description 將圖片保存到本地時進行壓縮, 即將圖片從Bitmap形式變為File形式時進行壓縮,* 特點是: File形式的圖片確實被壓縮了, 但是當你重新讀取壓縮后的file為 Bitmap是,它占用的內存并沒有改變* 所謂的質量壓縮，即為改變其圖像的位深和每個像素的透明度，也就是說JPEG格式壓縮后，原來圖片中透明的元素將消失，所以這種格式很可能造成失真*/public static Uri compressBmpToFile(Bitmap bmp) {String path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + "/shoppingMall/compressImgs/";File file = new File(path + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg");//判斷文件夾是否存在,如果不存在則創建文件夾if (!file.getParentFile().exists()) {file.getParentFile().mkdirs();}ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();int options = 80;bmp.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, options, baos);while (baos.toByteArray().length / 1024 > 100) {baos.reset();options -= 10;bmp.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, options, baos);}try {FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file);fos.write(baos.toByteArray());fos.flush();fos.close(); // copyExif(srcPathStr,file.getAbsolutePath()); // return file.getAbsolutePath();return Uri.fromFile(file);} catch (FileNotFoundException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();} catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}return null;}/*** 獲取圖片旋轉角度** @param srcPath* @return*/private static int readPictureDegree(String srcPath) {int degree = 0;try {ExifInterface exifInterface = new ExifInterface(srcPath);int orientation = exifInterface.getAttributeInt(ExifInterface.TAG_ORIENTATION, ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_NORMAL);switch (orientation) {case ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_ROTATE_90:degree = 90;break;case ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_ROTATE_180:degree = 180;break;case ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_ROTATE_270:degree = 270;break;}} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return degree;}//處理圖片旋轉private static Bitmap rotateBitmap(Bitmap bitmap, int rotate) {if (bitmap == null)return null;int w = bitmap.getWidth();int h = bitmap.getHeight();// Setting post rotate to 90Matrix mtx = new Matrix();mtx.postRotate(rotate);return Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0, w, h, mtx, true);}}

調用壓縮方法，將壓縮后的圖片的uri傳遞給filePathCallback，上傳結束。

5.需要注意的地方

如果應用沒有文件存儲的權限，要動態請求權限。一下是請求權限及其回調方法。
原文鏈接：動態獲取文件存儲權限

private void requestWritePermission() {if (checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, WRITE_PERMISSION);}}@Overridepublic void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String permissions[], int[] grantResults) {if (requestCode == WRITE_PERMISSION) {if (grantResults[0] != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {String message = "必須提供文件存儲權限，否則無法正常使用.";AlertDialog.Builder localBuilder = new AlertDialog.Builder(webView.getContext());localBuilder.setMessage(message).setPositiveButton(getResources().getString(R.string.sure), new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {requestWritePermission();}});localBuilder.setCancelable(false);localBuilder.create().show();}}}

通過uri獲取path的問題
imageUri保存的圖片，通過getPath可以直接獲取。但是相冊和文件夾選擇的uri，getPath獲取到的路徑在讀取照片時卻找不到。因此，使用如下方法，通過uri獲取path。
原文地址：uri獲取path

private String uriToString(Uri uri) {String path = null;if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT.equals(uri.getScheme())) {if (DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(this, uri)) {// ExternalStorageProviderif ("com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority())) {String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);String[] split = docId.split(":");String type = split[0];if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];}} else if ("com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority())) {// DownloadsProviderString id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(id));path = getDataColumn(this, contentUri, null, null);} else if ("com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority())) {// MediaProviderString docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);String[] split = docId.split(":");String type = split[0];Uri contentUri = null;if ("image".equals(type)) {contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;} else if ("video".equals(type)) {contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;} else if ("audio".equals(type)) {contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;}String selection = "_id=?";String[] selectionArgs = new String[]{split[1]};path = getDataColumn(this, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);}} else {path = getRealPathFromUri(this, uri);}}return path;}private String getRealPathFromUri(Context context, Uri contentUri) {Cursor cursor = null;try {String[] proj = {MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.DATA};cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(contentUri, proj, null, null, null);int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.DATA);cursor.moveToFirst();return cursor.getString(column_index);} finally {if (cursor != null) {cursor.close();}}}private String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {Cursor cursor = null;final String column = "_data";final String[] projection = {column};try {cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null);if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {final int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);return cursor.getString(column_index);}} finally {if (cursor != null)cursor.close();}return null;}

拍照后，廣播通知系統刷新文件

private void updatePhotos() {// 該廣播即使多發（即選取照片成功時也發送）也沒有關系，只是喚醒系統刷新媒體文件Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_SCANNER_SCAN_FILE);intent.setData(imageUri);sendBroadcast(intent);}

總結

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