最新消息

題型

• 到目前為止，題型還是沒有太大的變化，如果對于k8s零基礎還是建議通過網上報班系統性的學習，如果對linux和k8s常用命令熟悉則無需報班，在某寶花個100塊左右購買輔助資料就行。

最新改版

• 最新的PSI改版后，PSI瀏覽器開始考試后，會殺掉瀏覽器進程，所以之前說的在瀏覽器存書簽的做法就沒用啦，這就要求對官方文檔非常熟悉
• 現在是只有一個單進程的PSI，題目和虛擬機都在里面，因為用的是ubuntu系統，所以文檔查看就是內置的火狐瀏覽器，一般都是在題目、瀏覽器、文本編輯器來回切換做題。

注意事項

• 建議黑色星期五在官網購買套餐課程，基本上都是5折
  
• 考試最好網絡好、攝像頭清晰【比如我在某寶買的80塊錢攝像頭進行認證的時候聚不了焦，被迫換成筆記本】
• 最好使用臺式電腦、屏幕大呀，我被迫換車筆記本太難受啦，切換不流暢
• 現在名字支持填寫中文啦，建議參考官方文檔，官方文檔寫得非常詳細
• 其他的就參考官方文檔吧，已經非常非常詳細啦，一定要仔細閱讀官方文檔。
• https://training.linuxfoundation.cn/help
  

真題解析

CKA真題解析-1

kubectl create clusterrole deployment-clusterrole --verb=create --resource=deployments,statefulsets,daemonsets kubectl create serviceaccount cicd-token -n app-team1 kubectl create rolebinding cicd-token --clusterrole=deployment-clusterrole --serviceaccount=app-team1:cicd-token -n app-team1

CKA真題解析-2

kubectl cordon k8s-node21 #設置節點不可調度 kubectl drain k8s-node21 --ignore-daemonsets --delete-emptydir-data #驅逐pod

CKA真題解析-3

• 升級集群

kubectl drain k8s-master --ignore-daemonsets ssh mk8s-master-0 sudo i apt-mark unhold kubeadm apt-get update && apt-get install -y kubeadm=1.23.1-00 apt-mark hold kubeadmkubeadm version kubeadm upgrade plan kubeadm upgrade apply v1.23.1 --etcd-upgrade=false #注意 不升級etcd添加參數apt-mark unhold kubelet kubectl apt-get update && apt-get install -y kubelet=1.23.1-00 kubectl=1.23.1-00 apt-mark hold kubelet kubectlsystemctl daemon-reload systemctl restart kubelet #kubectl get node 版本已經變更exitkubectl uncordon mk8s-master-0#驗證 kubectl get node

• https://kubernetes.io/zh-cn/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/kubeadm/kubeadm-upgrade/

CKA真題解析-4

#備份 ETCDCTL_API=3 etcdctl --endpoints=https://127.0.0.1:2379 snapshot save /data/backup/etcd-snapshot.db#恢復 mv /etc/kubernetes/manifests/ /etc/kubernetes/manifests.bak mv /var/lib/etcd/ /var/lib/etcd.bak ETCDCTL_API=3 etcdctl --endpoints=https://127.0.0.1:2379 snapshot restore /data/backup/etcd-snapshot-previous.db --data-dir=/var/lib/etcdmv /etc/kubernetes/manifests.bak /etc/kubernetes/manifests

CKA真題解析-5

vi networkpolicy.yaml apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1 kind: NetworkPolicy metadata:name: allow-port-from-namespacenamespace: big-corp spec:podSelector: {}policyTypes:- Ingressingress:- from:- namespaceSelector:matchLabels:project: corp-netports:- protocol: TCPport: 9200 kubectl apply -f networkpolicy.yaml

CKA真題解析-6

ports:- name: httpprotocol: TCPcontainerPort: 80kubectl expose deployment front-end --port=80 --target-port=80 --type=NodePort --name=front-end-svc

CKA真題解析-7

vi ingress.yaml apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1 kind: Ingress metadata:name: pongnamespace: ing-internalannotations:nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/rewrite-target: / spec:ingressClassName: nginx #kubectl get ingressclasses.networking.k8s.io -Arules:- http:paths:- path: /hipathType: Prefixbackend:service:name: hiport:number: 5678 kubectl apply -f ingress.yaml curl -KL xxxx/hi #通過 kubectl get ingress -o wide 查看地址信息

CKA真題解析-8

kubectl scale deployment front-end --replicas=6

CKA真題解析-9

apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata:name: nginx-kusc spec:containers:- name: nginximage: nginxnodeSelector:disk: ssd

CKA真題解析-10

kubectl describe node $(kubectl get node | grep Ready | awk '{print $1}') | grep Taint | grep -vc NoSchedule > /opt/402.txt

CKA真題解析-11

apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata:name: kucc4 spec:containers:- name: redisimage: redis- name: memcachedimage: memcached

CKA真題解析-12

apiVersion: v1 kind: PersistentVolume metadata:name: app-data spec:capacity:storage: 2GiaccessModes:- ReadWriteManyhostPath:path: "/srv/app-data"

CKA真題解析-13

apiVersion: v1 kind: PersistentVolumeClaim metadata:name: pv-volume spec:storageClassName: csi-hostpath-scaccessModes:- ReadWriteOnceresources:requests:storage: 10Mi --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata:name: web-server spec:volumes:- name: datapersistentVolumeClaim:claimName: pv-volumecontainers:- name: web-serverimage: nginxvolumeMounts:- mountPath: "/usr/share/nginx/html"name: data kubectl edit pvc pv-volume --save-config #--save-config

CKA真題解析-14

kubectl logs bar | grep "unable-to-access-websit" >> /opt/bar

CKA真題解析-15

kubectl get po big-corp-app -o yaml > big-corp-app.yaml cp big-corp-app.yaml big-corp-app.yaml.bakvi big-corp-app.yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata:name: big-corp-app spec:containers:- name: big-corp-appimage: busybox:1.28args:- /bin/sh- -c- >i=0;while true;doecho "$i: $(date)" >> /var/log/1.log;echo "$(date) INFO $i" >> /var/log/2.log;i=$((i+1)); tt etz ezzzzzzzzdfxc donevolumeMounts:- name: varlogmountPath: /var/log- name: sidecarimage: busyboxargs: [/bin/sh, -c, 'tail -n+1 -f /var/log/big-corp-app.log']volumeMounts:- name: varlogmountPath: /var/logvolumes:- name: varlogemptyDir: {}

CKA真題解析-16

kubectl top po -A -l name=over.. --sort-by="cpu"

CKA真題解析-17

systemctl start kubelet && systemctl enable kubelet

參考資料

• https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1vA411p77o
• https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1aa4y1p7TC

有其他考試或者k8s方面的需求或者問題溝通，都可以私聊小弟。

總結

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