!=會(huì)命中索引么

One of the most important aspects of Website management is traffic analysis. If you don’t know where your visitors are coming from — and in what numbers — you can’t effectively promote your site, or gauge the effects of any current promotion efforts.

網(wǎng)站管理最重要的方面之一是流量分析。 如果您不知道訪問者來自哪里，以及訪問者是多少，您將無法有效地推廣您的網(wǎng)站，也無法評估當(dāng)前任何推廣工作的效果。

Checking the stats for your site(s) should be a daily activity, and if you’re not doing it already, now’s the time to start!

檢查您網(wǎng)站的統(tǒng)計(jì)信息應(yīng)該是日常工作，如果您還沒有這樣做，那么現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候開始了！

交通術(shù)語 (Traffic Jargon)

There is some confusion as to the different terms used to describe Website traffic. Misuse of these terms often causes miscommunication, so it’s important that you know the correct words and concepts.. The most common terms you’ll find include:

對于用來描述網(wǎng)站流量的不同術(shù)語有些困惑。 濫用這些術(shù)語通常會(huì)導(dǎo)致溝通不暢，因此了解正確的詞和概念很重要。.最常見的術(shù)語包括：

Hit

擊中

An HTTP request made to your server. "Hit" is often used to describe an impression, and that’s incorrect. A request is made to your server for not only every HTML file, but also for every image, every movie, and every included javascript or css file. If you use frames, then one actual page view can result in multiple hits, as multiple files comprise that one page. Upon each request your server records another entry in its log files, so when log analysis programs read these files, they’ll report total hits. People often think this is total page views and they get excited unnecessarily — don’t fall into the same trap.

向您的服務(wù)器發(fā)出的HTTP請求。 “命中”通常用于描述印象，這是不正確的。 不僅對每個(gè)HTML文件，而且對每個(gè)圖像，每個(gè)電影以及每個(gè)包含的javascript或css文件，都向服務(wù)器發(fā)出請求。 如果使用框架，則一個(gè)實(shí)際的頁面視圖可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致多個(gè)匹配，因?yàn)樵擁撁姘鄠€(gè)文件。 根據(jù)每個(gè)請求，您的服務(wù)器在其日志文件中記錄另一個(gè)條目，因此，當(dāng)日志分析程序讀取這些文件時(shí)，它們將報(bào)告總命中數(shù)。 人們通常認(rèn)為這是頁面總瀏覽量，他們不必要地感到興奮-不要陷入同一陷阱。

Impression

印象

A page view. An impression occurs when someone views one of your HTML pages. If you use frames, you should only count impressions on your main content pages, not those on the pages you use for your menu or header frames. Another way to look at this is to only count impressions on pages that display advertising.

頁面視圖。 當(dāng)有人查看您HTML頁面之一時(shí)，就會(huì)產(chǎn)生印象。 如果使用框架，則只應(yīng)在主要內(nèi)容頁面上計(jì)算印象數(shù)，而不應(yīng)在用于菜單或標(biāo)題框架的頁面上計(jì)算印象數(shù)。 另一種解決方法是只計(jì)算顯示廣告的網(wǎng)頁上的展示次數(shù)。

Unique

獨(dú)特

A page view by a unique person within a 24 hour period. Uniques are usually measured by identifying the IP addresses of each visitor using your site. However some services, notably AOL, send all their members through proxy servers, so thousands or millions of people can share the same IP address. This usually means that if you record the number of uniques by reviewing impressions by unique IP addresses, your actual number will be slightly higher than what is reported in the logs. A better way to measure uniques would be a composite unique value composed of IP address, browser or user agent, and operating system.

不重復(fù)人員在24小時(shí)內(nèi)的瀏覽量。 唯一身份通常是通過使用您的站點(diǎn)識(shí)別每個(gè)訪問者的IP地址來衡量的。 但是，某些服務(wù)(尤其是AOL)會(huì)通過代理服務(wù)器發(fā)送其所有成員，因此成千上萬的人可以共享同一IP地址。 這通常意味著，如果您通過按唯一IP地址查看展示次數(shù)來記錄唯一??身份的數(shù)量，則您的實(shí)際數(shù)量將略高于日志中報(bào)告的數(shù)量。 衡量唯一性的更好方法是由IP地址，瀏覽器或用戶代理以及操作系統(tǒng)組成的復(fù)合唯一值。

Referrer

推薦人

A page that links to your site. This doesn’t have to be an actual page: it could, for instance, be the result set of a search engine. Looking at your referrers will tell you who’s linked to your site.

鏈接到您的網(wǎng)站的頁面。 這不必是實(shí)際的頁面：例如，它可以是搜索引擎的結(jié)果集。 查看您的引薦來源網(wǎng)址會(huì)告訴您誰鏈接到您的網(wǎng)站。

User Agent

用戶代理

This refers to the software used to access your site. Sometimes known as a "browser" or "client", the term user agent can describe a PHP script, a browser like Internet Explorer, or a search engine spider like GoogleBot. If you can identify what software is being used to access your site, you’ll be able to tell if users are abusing it, and when the search engines last crawled your pages.

這是指用于訪問您的網(wǎng)站的軟件。 有時(shí)稱為“瀏覽器”或“客戶端”，用戶代理一詞可以描述PHP腳本，Internet Explorer之類的瀏覽器或GoogleBot之類的搜索引擎蜘蛛。 如果您可以確定正在使用什么軟件來訪問您的網(wǎng)站，則可以判斷用戶是否濫用了它，以及搜索引擎上次對您的網(wǎng)頁進(jìn)行爬網(wǎng)的時(shí)間。

柜臺(tái)和追蹤器 (Counters and Trackers)

Early in the life of the Web, counters were fairly popular. A counter is a simple script that records the number of visitors to a site in a text file or database and then displays the total, either textually or graphically, on the Website. You still find them on some amateur pages, but for the most part, their use has died out — primarily because site owners wanted more complex information about their traffic, but also because these counters have come to be seen as unprofessional.

在網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)代的早期，計(jì)數(shù)器很受歡迎。 計(jì)數(shù)器是一個(gè)簡單的腳本，它可以在文本文件或數(shù)據(jù)庫中記錄網(wǎng)站訪問者的人數(shù)，然后在網(wǎng)站上以文本或圖形方式顯示總數(shù)。 您仍然可以在一些業(yè)余頁面上找到它們，但是在大多數(shù)情況下，它們的使用已不復(fù)存在-主要是因?yàn)榫W(wǎng)站所有者希望獲得有關(guān)其流量的更復(fù)雜的信息，而且還因?yàn)檫@些計(jì)數(shù)器被認(rèn)為是不專業(yè)的。

Now most professional or commercial sites use tracking software. Tracking software tells you more than just the number of visitors — it can break visitor statistics down by date, time, browser, page viewed, referrer, and countless other values. Trackers are so named because they can more or less detail for you the path a visitor takes through your Website, so they do more than just count your traffic: they track it. You can choose from three main types of tracking software — let’s look at your options.

現(xiàn)在，大多數(shù)專業(yè)或商業(yè)站點(diǎn)都使用跟蹤軟件。 跟蹤軟件不僅可以告訴您訪問者的數(shù)量，還可以按日期，時(shí)間，瀏覽器，瀏覽的頁面，引薦來源以及無數(shù)其他值細(xì)分訪問者統(tǒng)計(jì)信息。 跟蹤器之所以如此命名，是因?yàn)樗鼈兛梢詾槟峁┗蚨嗷蛏俚脑L問者通過您的網(wǎng)站所經(jīng)過的路徑的詳細(xì)信息，因此它們所做的不只是計(jì)算您的訪問量：它們可以跟蹤訪問量。 您可以從三種主要類型的跟蹤軟件中進(jìn)行選擇-讓我們看看您的選擇。

跟蹤軟件的三種風(fēng)味 (The Three Flavors of Tracking Software )

1. Remote Tracking Services

1.遠(yuǎn)程跟蹤服務(wù)

The easiest type of tracking to install, and therefore the most popular, is remote tracking. These tracking services house all the traffic recording scripts and reports on their own servers, which you can log into to check your stats. The recording itself is accomplished through javascript that is placed on your page(s).

遠(yuǎn)程跟蹤是最容易安裝的跟蹤類型，因此也是最受歡迎的跟蹤類型。 這些跟蹤服務(wù)將所有流量記錄腳本和報(bào)告保存在它們自己的服務(wù)器上，您可以登錄這些服務(wù)器來檢查統(tǒng)計(jì)信息。 錄制本身是通過放置在您頁面上的javascript完成的。

Despite their ease of use, this type of service is the worst, for a variety of reasons. Often, it is inaccurate: because the traffic recording relies upon a connection to a remote server (a server that’s likely bogged down), many of your visitors may not be recorded because requests simply time out. Additionally, the services’ reliance upon javascript means that it fails to record visits by users who don’t have javascript enabled. This is a big issue — search engine spiders don’t use javascript, so one of the key benefits of analyzing your traffic (knowing when you’ve been spidered) is overlooked by these services. Also, remote trackers often require you to place a button or graphic on your site in exchange for the free use of their service, which is not ideal for most site owners.

盡管它們易于使用，但由于多種原因，這種類型的服務(wù)最差。 通常，它是不準(zhǔn)確的：因?yàn)榱髁坑涗浺蕾囉谂c遠(yuǎn)程服務(wù)器(可能已陷入癱瘓的服務(wù)器)的連接，所以許多訪問者可能不會(huì)被記錄，因?yàn)檎埱笾皇浅瑫r(shí)。 此外，服務(wù)對javascript的依賴意味著它無法記錄未啟用javascript的用戶的訪問。 這是一個(gè)很大的問題-搜索引擎蜘蛛不使用javascript，因此這些服務(wù)忽略了分析流量(了解何時(shí)被蜘蛛)的主要優(yōu)勢之一。 另外，遠(yuǎn)程跟蹤器通常要求您在網(wǎng)站上放置按鈕或圖形，以換取免費(fèi)使用其服務(wù)，這對于大多數(shù)網(wǎng)站所有者而言并不理想。

So try to avoid using these services unless you don’t have the ability or expertise to execute tracking scripts of any kind on your own server.

因此，除非您沒有能力或?qū)I(yè)知識(shí)在自己的服務(wù)器上執(zhí)行任何類型的跟蹤腳本，否則請盡量避免使用這些服務(wù)。

Examples:

例子：

• Hitbox

  Hitbox

• Sitemeter

  站點(diǎn)計(jì)

• Extreme-DM

  極限D(zhuǎn)M

2. Logging Programs

2.記錄程序

This is my preferred method of traffic analysis. Logging programs are scripts that you install on your server, which then generate both log files (either in flat files or a database), and reports. I prefer this type of program over a log analysis system (discussed below) because logging programs afford the site owner more control — you decide what is logged and what isn’t, and only track those pages you want to track.

這是我首選的流量分析方法。 日志記錄程序是您安裝在服務(wù)器上的腳本，然后會(huì)生成日志文件(在平面文件或數(shù)據(jù)庫中)和報(bào)告。 與日志分析系統(tǒng)(在下面討論)相比，我更喜歡這種類型的程序，因?yàn)槿罩居涗洺绦驗(yàn)榫W(wǎng)站所有者提供了更多的控制權(quán)-您可以決定要記錄的內(nèi)容和不記錄的內(nèi)容，并且只跟蹤要跟蹤的頁面。

The downside to doing this is that you must maintain your log files, and if your site is popular, they can grow rather large. On one of my sites (which logs over a million impressions a month) the log file grows by about 15mb a day so I usually rotate it every 3 days. Now, if you use a log analysis program you’ll still be battling large log files, however these are your server’s log files, and thus they are automatically rotated and maintained for you.

這樣做的不利之處在于您必須維護(hù)日志文件，并且如果您的網(wǎng)站很受歡迎，它們可能會(huì)變得很大。 在我的一個(gè)站點(diǎn)(每月記錄超過一百萬的印象)中，日志文件每天增長約15mb，因此我通常每3天輪換一次。 現(xiàn)在，如果您使用日志分析程序，您仍然會(huì)與大型日志文件進(jìn)行斗爭，但是這些文件是服務(wù)器的日志文件，因此它們會(huì)自動(dòng)為您輪換和維護(hù)。

Another added feature of this type of program is that you can sometimes use them to track links from your site as well, so you can identify exactly how much traffic you send away in a link exchange.

這種程序的另一個(gè)附加功能是，有時(shí)您也可以使用它們來跟蹤來自您站點(diǎn)的鏈接，因此您可以準(zhǔn)確確定在鏈接交換中發(fā)送了多少流量。

Examples:

例子：

• http://www.xav.com/scripts/axs/ (recommended)

  http://www.xav.com/scripts/axs/ (推薦)

• http://www.ekstreme.com/phplabs/phpcounter.php

  http://www.ekstreme.com/phplabs/phpcounter.php

3. Log Analysis Programs

3.日志分析程序

These are programs that analyze your server logs and then create traffic reports accordingly. Some may include advanced filters, which allow you to specify what exactly you want reported, but most will simply report everything in the log files — usually covering total hits, impressions, and uniques. Of course, the quality of the reports generated will depend on what software you actually use.

這些程序分析您的服務(wù)器日志，然后相應(yīng)地創(chuàng)建流量報(bào)告。 其中一些可能包括高級(jí)過濾器，可讓您指定要報(bào)告的內(nèi)容，但是大多數(shù)過濾器將僅報(bào)告日志文件中的所有內(nèi)容-通常涵蓋總點(diǎn)擊次數(shù)，展示次數(shù)和唯一性。 當(dāng)然，所生成報(bào)告的質(zhì)量將取決于您實(shí)際使用的軟件。

Some log analyzers are free and come preinstalled on many hosting accounts, while others can cost a good deal of money.

一些日志分析器是免費(fèi)的，并且已預(yù)先安裝在許多托管帳戶中，而其他一些則可能要花很多錢。

Examples:

例子：

• Webalizer

  Webalizer

• WebTrends

  Web趨勢

每天做什么 (What to do Every Day)

Once you have your tracking software set up you can start using it, but what should you actually look for? There are a variety of things you should check every day as follows:

設(shè)置跟蹤軟件后，您就可以開始使用它了，但是您實(shí)際上應(yīng)該尋找什么呢？ 您每天應(yīng)檢查以下各種事項(xiàng)：

Referrers

推薦人

The first thing you should check daily is your referrers. I know from personal experience that if you have a popular site, your referrers can number in the thousands, so reading through that list every day can be a chore, but it’s a must!

您每天應(yīng)檢查的第一件事是您的引薦來源。 我從個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)中知道，如果您有一個(gè)受歡迎的網(wǎng)站，則您的引薦來源網(wǎng)址可以成千上萬，因此每天閱讀該列表可能很繁瑣，但這是必須的！

When you’re looking at your referrers, look for two things:

在查看引薦來源網(wǎng)址時(shí)，請注意以下兩點(diǎn)：

• where in the search engines visitors find your listings, and
  訪客在搜索引擎中找到您列表的位置，以及
• on what other Web pages visitors have located links to your site.
  訪問者在其他哪些網(wǎng)頁上找到了指向您網(wǎng)站的鏈接。

Specifically this will help you check to see whether you’re maintaining your search engine position, and it will also help you identify new sites that link to you. When I find that a new site has linked to one of mine, I submit their site to Google so that it can spider their site, see the link, and increase my link popularity rating. Some people would advise against doing this on the grounds that it is unethical to submit another person’s site to a search engine, but I disagree.

具體來說，這將幫助您檢查是否保持搜索引擎排名，還可以幫助您確定鏈接到您的新網(wǎng)站。 當(dāng)我發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)新站點(diǎn)鏈接到我的一個(gè)站點(diǎn)時(shí)，我將其站點(diǎn)提交給Google，以便它可以搜索其站點(diǎn)，查看該鏈接并提高我的鏈接受歡迎程度。 有人建議不要這樣做，因?yàn)閷⒘硪粋€(gè)人的網(wǎng)站提交給搜索引擎是不道德的，但我不同意。

In the past, some search engines would ban sites that were oversubmitted, however Google has never, and still does not do this. If a page has already been submitted, your request will simply be ignored. As nothing bad will ever come of submitting someone else’s page, I don’t see this practice as unethical, especially since many of the people who own these pages may not know how to submit their site. Of course, you should make your own decision on this issue.

過去，某些搜索引擎會(huì)禁止提交過多的網(wǎng)站，但是Google從來沒有，現(xiàn)在仍然不會(huì)這樣做。 如果頁面已經(jīng)提交，您的請求將被忽略。 由于提交其他人的頁面不會(huì)有什么不好的，所以我認(rèn)為這種做法是不道德的，尤其是因?yàn)閾碛羞@些頁面的許多人可能不知道如何提交其網(wǎng)站。 當(dāng)然，您應(yīng)該對此問題做出自己的決定。

IP Addresses and User Agents

IP地址和用戶代理

The second thing you need to check is the IP addresses and user agents of your visitors. This information will tell you two things:

您需要檢查的第二件事是訪問者的IP地址和用戶代理。 此信息將告訴您兩件事：

When a search engine spiders your site.

當(dāng)搜索引擎搜尋您的網(wǎng)站時(shí)。

If someone is abusing your site.

如果有人濫用您的網(wǎng)站。

The first point is important because, unless you know when your site was spidered, you cannot effectively troubleshoot your search engine listings (for instance, if they appear outdated, or fail to appear at all). Many people will remember when they submitted to the search engines, but if you ask them when they were spidered, they don’t have a clue. Knowing when a search engine spiders, and when they update, will allow you to predict when your listings will change.

第一點(diǎn)很重要，因?yàn)槌悄勒军c(diǎn)何時(shí)被爬網(wǎng)，否則您將無法有效地對搜索引擎列表進(jìn)行故障排除(例如，如果它們看起來過時(shí)或根本無法顯示)。 許多人會(huì)記得他們提交給搜索引擎的時(shí)間，但是如果您問他們什么時(shí)候被搜尋的，他們沒有任何線索。 了解搜索引擎何時(shí)啟動(dòng)以及何時(shí)更新，可以讓您預(yù)測列表的更改時(shí)間。

The second point is important because there are a lot of people out there with little to do, and there are many ways they can abuse a Website. One way is to write a script that rips content off a Website to display on your own.

第二點(diǎn)很重要，因?yàn)槟抢镉泻芏嗳藷o事可做，而且他們有很多方法可以濫用網(wǎng)站。 一種方法是編寫一個(gè)腳本，從網(wǎng)站上剝奪內(nèi)容以自己顯示。

For instance, there are scripts that rip news headlines off sites like CNN.com. Then the site owner displays the headlines on their own site, along with a link back to CNN. While technically it is wrong to copy their headlines, it is easily forgiven by bigger players, as the site owners are using the headlines to link to them (effectively driving traffic back to their site).

例如，有些腳本會(huì)將新聞?lì)^條從CNN.com等網(wǎng)站上刪除。 然后，網(wǎng)站所有者會(huì)在自己的網(wǎng)站上顯示標(biāo)題，并返回到CNN的鏈接。 從技術(shù)上講，復(fù)制其標(biāo)題是錯(cuò)誤的，但是較大的參與者很容易原諒，因?yàn)榫W(wǎng)站所有者正在使用標(biāo)題鏈接到他們(有效地將流量吸引回了他們的網(wǎng)站)。

However, it is just as easy to write a script that steals articles from a site and displays them on your own. If you are the victim of either of these malpractices, you can usually tell through your logs. There will usually be a large number of requests from their IP address (which should resolve to a Web server), as well as excessive hit counts from a user agent called "PHP," "Perl," or another scripting language. Sometimes people will download your entire site and then republish it on their server, however they sometimes forget to recode some links, resulting in hits from their version of your site to your original site. One SitePoint Forum advisor recently discovered this exact thing happening by close monitoring of his referrers.

但是，編寫腳本來竊取站點(diǎn)中的文章并自行顯示它們也很容易。 如果您是上述兩種瀆職行為的受害者，通常都可以通過日志告知。 通常會(huì)有來自其IP地址的大量請求(應(yīng)該解析為Web服務(wù)器)，以及來自名為“ PHP”，“ Perl”或其他腳本語言的用戶代理的大量命中計(jì)數(shù)。 有時(shí)人們會(huì)下載您的整個(gè)網(wǎng)站，然后將其重新發(fā)布到他們的服務(wù)器上，但是有時(shí)他們會(huì)忘記重新編碼一些鏈接，從而導(dǎo)致從他們的網(wǎng)站版本到原始網(wǎng)站的點(diǎn)擊率。 最近，一名SitePoint論壇顧問通過密切監(jiān)視引薦來源發(fā)現(xiàn)了這一確切情況。

On the topic of downloading an entire site, there are also site rippers out there. Often benignly named "offline browsers," much in the way some Trojans are named "remote administration tools," these are programs that can be used to download your entire site, which not only steals your site (design, content, etc.) but can crash, or severely slow down your server. Depending on the size of your site, these programs can be detected by looking at IP addresses — if you see hundreds or thousands of impressions from one address, chances are it’s one of these programs. You can also look for their user agents — some of the more popular ones are Wget, Teleport, HTTrack, and Web Reaper. I should mention that Wget is a valid program used on unix servers to download files, such as patches or drivers. However, unless you provide such downloads on your site, anyone using this agent on your site is probably stealing.

關(guān)于下載整個(gè)站點(diǎn)的主題，那里也有站點(diǎn)盜版者。 通常被稱為“離線瀏覽器”，就像某些特洛伊木馬被稱為“遠(yuǎn)程管理工具”一樣，這些程序可用于下載整個(gè)網(wǎng)站，不僅會(huì)竊取您的網(wǎng)站(設(shè)計(jì)，內(nèi)容等)，而且還會(huì)可能崩潰，或嚴(yán)重降低服務(wù)器速度。 根據(jù)您站點(diǎn)的大小，可以通過查看IP地址來檢測這些程序-如果您從一個(gè)地址看到數(shù)百或數(shù)千次展示，則很可能就是這些程序之一。 您也可以尋找他們的用戶代理-一些更受歡迎的代理是Wget，Teleport，HTTrack和Web Reaper。 我應(yīng)該提到Wget是在Unix服務(wù)器上用于下載文件的有效程序，例如補(bǔ)丁程序或驅(qū)動(dòng)程序。 但是，除非您在您的站點(diǎn)上提供此類下載，否則在您的站點(diǎn)上使用此代理的任何人都可能在竊取。

Yet another form of site abuse is to harvest emails off of a site — this is especially important if you run a community site, where users often post their email addresses. AS with site rippers, you can often identify email harvesters via their user agent.

站點(diǎn)濫用的另一種形式是從站點(diǎn)中收集電子郵件-如果您運(yùn)行社區(qū)站點(diǎn)(用戶經(jīng)常在其中發(fā)布其電子郵件地址)，這尤其重要。 與站點(diǎn)翻錄程序一樣，您通常可以通過其用戶代理識(shí)別電子郵件收割者。

The final method of site abuse is to block a site’s advertisements. Some consider this a right of the surfer, however, I feel that it is stealing. A Webmaster places advertisements expecting that users will view them in conjunction with the content they view for free. If visitors block the advertisements, then ethically I don’t think they should visit the site at all. Some Webmasters will redirect people using ad blocking programs to a page that asks them to pay for site access, and that approach reflects how many Webmasters feel: you either pay with your wallet, or with your eyeballs. Like the aforementioned examples, this can be detected by monitoring user agent.

網(wǎng)站濫用的最終方法是阻止網(wǎng)站的廣告。 有人認(rèn)為這是沖浪者的權(quán)利，但是，我認(rèn)為它正在偷竊。 網(wǎng)站管理員放置廣告，期望用戶將其與免費(fèi)觀看的內(nèi)容一起查看。 如果訪問者阻止了廣告，那么從道德上講，我認(rèn)為他們根本不應(yīng)該訪問該網(wǎng)站。 一些網(wǎng)站管理員會(huì)將使用廣告攔截程序的用戶重定向到一個(gè)頁面，該頁面要求他們?yōu)榫W(wǎng)站訪問付費(fèi)，而這種方式反映了網(wǎng)站管理員的感受：您是用錢包支付，還是用眼球支付。 像上述示例一樣，可以通過監(jiān)視用戶代理程序來檢測到它。

Once you identify the IP addresses or user agents of those abusing your site you can ban them (using .htaccess if you run Apache), but a full explanation of this is obviously beyond the scope of this article.

一旦確定了濫用站點(diǎn)的IP地址或用戶代理，就可以禁止它們(如果運(yùn)行Apache，則使用.htaccess)，但是對此的完整說明顯然不在本文討論范圍之內(nèi)。

Other Statistical Information

其他統(tǒng)計(jì)信息

There is much information you can gather from your statistics in addition to that which has been mentioned so far. This information is usually useful when you attempt to sell advertising, or reassess your promotional efforts.

除了到目前為止提到的信息之外，您還可以從統(tǒng)計(jì)信息中收集很多信息。 當(dāng)您嘗試出售廣告或重新評估促銷活動(dòng)時(shí)，此信息通常很有用。

Demographics

客層

Your server stats can provide limited demographic information that’s helpful for both designing your site, and attracting advertisers. For instance, by researching the stats on operating systems or user agents, you can tell whether your visitors use a PC or a Mac, Internet Explorer or Netscape. Some software can also give you geographic statistics by resolving the IP address of your visitors. While these statistics are not the most accurate (it isn’t always possible to accurately identify a user’s country of origin), this information can still be valuable in the presentation of packages to potential advertisers, or even when you’re deciding whether to make regional changes to your site — add content in a second language, for example.

您的服務(wù)器統(tǒng)計(jì)信息可能會(huì)提供有限的受眾特征信息，這對設(shè)計(jì)網(wǎng)站和吸引廣告客戶都非常有用。 例如，通過研究操作系統(tǒng)或用戶代理的統(tǒng)計(jì)信息，您可以判斷訪問者是使用PC還是Mac，Internet Explorer或Netscape。 某些軟件還可以通過解析訪問者的IP地址來為您提供地理統(tǒng)計(jì)信息。 盡管這些統(tǒng)計(jì)信息不是最準(zhǔn)確的(并非總是能夠準(zhǔn)確識(shí)別用戶的原籍國)，但此信息在向潛在廣告客戶展示包裹時(shí)，甚至在您決定是否做出網(wǎng)站的區(qū)域變化-例如，以第二種語言添加內(nèi)容。

Search Engine Statistics

搜索引擎統(tǒng)計(jì)

In addition to glancing over your referrers to ensure that you’re maintaining your search engine positions, you can occasionally do a more detailed analysis, to compare the amount of traffic you get from various search engines. This can help you identify whether there’s a particular engine that’s performing poorly for you. You can then identify which referrers you need to work on — to increase the amount of traffic they send you (though you should keep in mind that perceived ‘lower traffic levels’ could be the result of a search engine being less popular than the others you track).

除了瀏覽引薦來源網(wǎng)址以確保您保持搜索引擎排名外，您有時(shí)還可以進(jìn)行更詳細(xì)的分析，以比較從各種搜索引擎獲得的流量。 這可以幫助您確定是否有特定的引擎對您而言效果不佳。 然后，您可以確定需要處理哪些引薦來源網(wǎng)址-以增加他們向您發(fā)送的點(diǎn)擊量(盡管您應(yīng)牢記，感知到的“點(diǎn)擊量較低”可能是由于搜索引擎的受歡迎程度低于其他引薦來源跟蹤)。

Visitor Behavior

訪客行為

You can occasionally analyze visitor behavior as well. For instance, a quick review of the stats may indicate the pages visitors use to enter and leave your site, which, in turn, can tell you which portions of your site are the most popular, and which sections need work.

您有時(shí)也可以分析訪問者的行為。 例如，快速瀏覽統(tǒng)計(jì)信息可能會(huì)表明訪問者進(jìn)入和離開您的網(wǎng)站所使用的頁面，從而可以告訴您網(wǎng)站的哪些部分最受歡迎，哪些部分需要工作。

If your site spans multiple topics, this analysis might also help you identify the topics that interest your users the most. For instance, if you review Mac and PC hardware and most of your visitors read the Mac reviews, then you might consider focusing more on the Mac section and phasing out the PC information (or developing it into a separate site). But this information’s not only handy for your reference — it’s also useful in dealings with potential advertisers. Furthermore, if you run a community-based site, these details can indicate how many lurkers you may have, and if you run an article-based site, the stats can indicate which articles or authors are the most popular.

如果您的站點(diǎn)涵蓋多個(gè)主題，則此分析還可以幫助您確定用戶最感興趣的主題。 例如，如果您查看Mac和PC硬件，并且大多數(shù)訪問者都閱讀了Mac評論，那么您可能會(huì)考慮將重點(diǎn)放在Mac部分并逐步淘汰PC信息(或?qū)⑵溟_發(fā)為單獨(dú)的網(wǎng)站)。 但是，此信息不僅方便您參考-在與潛在廣告客戶打交道時(shí)也很有用。 此外，如果您運(yùn)行基于社區(qū)的站點(diǎn)，則這些詳細(xì)信息可以指示您可能擁有多少潛伏者；如果您運(yùn)行基于文章的站點(diǎn)，則統(tǒng)計(jì)信息可以指示哪些文章或作者最受歡迎。

Traffic Patterns Over Time

一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的流量模式

Other good statistics to keep an eye on are those that measure traffic patterns over time. These can indicate not just the times at which your site receives the most traffic, but can also provide real insights into you audience — a clear picture of your visitors’ usage over time can suggest the reasons why they visit your site.

其他值得關(guān)注的良好統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)是隨時(shí)間推移衡量流量模式的數(shù)據(jù)。 這些不僅可以指示您的網(wǎng)站獲得最多流量的時(shí)間，還可以提供有關(guān)受眾的真實(shí)見解-隨時(shí)間推移訪問者使用情況的清晰圖片可以說明他們訪問您的網(wǎng)站的原因。

For instance, I noticed that traffic to my educational site is closely tied to the school year, so on weekends, holidays, and in the summer, my traffic levels drop. This information suggested that my key users were students, which has allowed me to target my advertising accordingly. Another key benefit of knowing when your site receives the most traffic is that you can then schedule downtime (for upgrades and maintenance) around the hours when usage is at its lowest.

例如，我注意到到教育站點(diǎn)的訪問量與學(xué)年密切相關(guān)，因此在周末，節(jié)假日和夏天，我的訪問量下降。 這些信息表明我的主要用戶是學(xué)生，這使我可以相應(yīng)地定位廣告。 知道您的站點(diǎn)何時(shí)獲得最大流量的另一個(gè)主要好處是，您可以在使用率最低時(shí)的幾個(gè)小時(shí)左右安排停機(jī)時(shí)間(用于升級(jí)和維護(hù))。

結(jié)語 (Wrap Up)

This article was intended as a primer for Web traffic analysis, but for more information on some of the topics that were mentioned here, visit the links below:

本文旨在作為Web流量分析的入門，但是有關(guān)此處提到的某些主題的更多信息，請?jiān)L問下面的鏈接：

List of search engine user agents:

搜索引擎用戶代理列表：

• http://searchenginewatch.com/webmasters/spiderchart.html

  http://searchenginewatch.com/webmasters/spiderchart.html

How to ban bad people/robots:

如何禁止壞人/機(jī)器人：

• http://www.bignosebird.com/apache/a9.shtml

  http://www.bignosebird.com/apache/a9.shtml

• http://www.fleiner.com/bots/

  http://www.fleiner.com/bots/

• http://evolt.org/article/Using_Apache_to_stop_bad_robots/18/15126/index.html

  http://evolt.org/article/Using_Apache_to_stop_bad_robots/18/15126/index.html

翻譯自: https://www.sitepoint.com/success-traffic-analysis/

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