centos7下安裝flex，bison

1,修改鏡像源為國內鏡像源，比如阿里云

(1)首先備份系統自帶yum源配置文件/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

[root@fengyi flex]# cp /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /home/fengyi/Destop

(2)進入yum源配置文件所在的文件夾

[root@fengyi flex]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

(3)下載阿里云源文件作為新的yum源配置文件

[root@fengyi yum.repos.d]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

2，安裝flex，bison

[root@fengyi flex]# yum install flex bison

3，問題：

（1）flex安裝后可以使用，但是鏈接flex庫時，-lfl找不到flex庫

[root@fengyi flex]# gcc lex.yy.c -o analyze -lfl /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lfl collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

問題分析：
flex包是包含了動態庫，不包含動態庫的頭文件，基于flex的應用程序為基礎開發，flex可以正常使用；但是，如果使用flex庫里面的源代碼，則會導致找不到flex庫的問題；

解決方案：
flex-devel包包含了這個包程序開發所有必須的文件，比如頭文件、動態庫等，安裝flex-devel包可以調用flex庫代碼開發；
安裝flex-devel

[root@fengyi flex]# yum install flex-devel

4，package和package-devel的區別

（1）普通package
通常只包含能讓程序運行的動態庫和配置文件，可以基于package的應用程序開發，不能基于源碼開發；
（2）package-devel
帶devel后綴的package，則包含使用這個package開發程序的所有的必需文件。比如頭文件，等等。有時devel package還包含靜態庫。

// package-devel包說明介紹鏈接 https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2358801/what-are-devel-packages

以下package-devel包回答，摘自上述網址：

The *-devel packages (usually called *-dev in Debian-based distributions) are usually all the files necessary to compile code against a given library.For running an application using the library libfoo only the actualy shared library file (*.so.*, for example libfoo.so.1.0) are needed (plus possibly some data files and some version-specific symlinks).When you actually want to compile a C application that uses that library you'll need the header files (*.h, for example foo.h) that describe the interface of that application as well as a version-less symlink to the shared library (*.so, for example libfoo.so -> libfoo.so.1.0). Those are usually bundled in the *-devel packages.Sometimes the *-devel packages also include statically compiled versions of the libraries (*.a, for example libfoo.a) in case you want to build a complete stand-alone application that doesn't depend on dynamic libraries at all.Other languages (such as Java, Python, ...) use a different way of noting the API of a library (effectively including all the necessary information in the actual library) and thus usually need no separate *-devel packages (except maybe for documentation and additional tools).

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