【摘要】：在我國的能源消耗中，工業是我國能源消耗的大戶，能源消耗量占全國能源消耗總量的70%左右，而不同類型工業企業的工藝流程，裝置情況、產品類型、能源管理水平對能源消耗都會產生不同的影響。建設一個全廠級的集中統一的能源管理系統可以實現對能源數據進行在線采集、計算、分析及處理，從而對能源物料平衡、調度與優化、能源設備運行與管理等方面發揮著重要的作用。

In China's energy consumption, industry is a large energy consumer in China, energy consumption accounts for about 70% of the total energy consumption of the country, and different types of industrial enterprises process, device situation, product type, energy management level will have different impacts on energy consumption. The construction of a centralized and unified energy management system at the whole plant level can realize the online collection, calculation, analysis and processing of energy data, thus playing an important role in energy material balance, scheduling and optimization, and energy equipment operation and management.

01 項目概述及建設目標

浙江某鋁塑業有限公司成立于2005年1月1日，是法國ILEOS下屬的AXILONE公司與浙江上虞市某真空涂裝有限公司合資成立的中法合資公司，由法國某公司控股。

Founded on January 1, 2005, Zhejiang Aluminum Plastic Co., Ltd. is a Sino-French joint venture company jointly established by AXILONE, a subsidiary of ILEOS, France, and a vacuum coating co., LTD. in Shangyu City, Zhejiang Province, and is controlled by a French company.

由于企業生產規模擴大，某鋁塑業有限公司在杭州灣上虞工業園區新建廠區，整個新建廠區包括兩個廠房、一棟宿舍樓，主要消耗能源包括電、水、壓縮空氣、蒸汽等。為了更好地掌握企業能源消耗、能源成本，某鋁塑業在新廠區設計一套企業能源管理系統，并與原老廠區能源管理系統一起，作為企業內部考核管理的工具，并此基礎上逐步整理完善企業能源管理數據庫，對數據進行多層次全方面的開發利用（如決策需要、電能分析、數據報送）。同時通過網絡技術使之成為作為浙江某鋁業信息化系統的重要子系統，以實現智慧廠區和數字廠區。

Due to the expansion of the production scale of the enterprise, an aluminum plastic industry co., LTD. built a new factory in the Shangyu Industrial Park in Hangzhou Bay, and the entire new factory area includes two factories and a dormitory building, and the main energy consumption includes electricity, water, compressed air, steam, etc. In order to better grasp the energy consumption and energy costs of enterprises, an aluminum plastic industry designed a set of enterprise energy management system in the new factory area, and together with the original old factory energy management system, as a tool for internal assessment and management of enterprises, and on this basis, gradually sorted out and improved the enterprise energy management database, and carried out multi-level and all-round development and utilization of data (such as decision-making needs, power analysis, data submission). At the same time, through network technology, it has become an important subsystem of an aluminum industry information system in Zhejiang to achieve smart factory area and digital factory area.

02 能源管理系統的設計

在管理系統的設計中，充分考慮了企業自身特性，以及能源構成系統的實際結構、電力系統的實際載荷能力等因素，進而合理的選擇管理設備，這既有利于減少系統運作的成本，同時也有利于系統功能的實現。

In the design of the management system, the characteristics of the enterprise itself are fully considered, as well as the actual structure of the energy composition system, the actual load capacity of the power system and other factors, and then the reasonable choice of management equipment is conducive to reducing the cost of system operation, but also conducive to the realization of system functions.

浙江某鋁塑業有限公司原來的能源管理架構中，缺少必要的能源采集裝置、數據傳輸設備，因此在新建廠房的設計建設過程中，就考慮計量表計的安裝，在低壓配電房、車間動力柜、員工宿舍分別配置多功能電表、電能計量表、多回路計量裝置、壓縮空氣流量計、蒸汽流量計、水表以及溫濕度控制器等。

In the original energy management structure of an aluminum plastic industry co., LTD. in Zhejiang, the necessary energy collection device and data transmission equipment are lacking, so in the design and construction process of the new plant, the installation of meters is considered, and multi-functional meters, electric energy meters, multi-circuit metering devices, compressed air flow meters, steam flow meters, water meters and temperature and humidity controllers are respectively configured in the low-voltage distribution room, workshop power cabinet and staff dormitory.

2.1 計量設備的選擇

企業用電由供電局一路10kV總進線引入，計量企業總用電，需要在10kV總進線處安裝一塊多功能計量表計，在該處配置ACR320ELH網絡多功能儀表，在0.4kV進線部分采用ACRACR330EFLKH多功能儀表；在配電室出線部分配置多功能電表ACR220EFLK；在車間動力柜、宿舍動力柜安裝DTSD1352/C導軌式電度表，并通過互感器二次接入；在宿舍樓每層計量末端采用多回路計量裝置ADF300-II-18D(6S)計量每間宿舍用電量。

Enterprise electricity consumption is introduced by the power supply bureau a 10kV total inlet line, metering the total electricity consumption of the enterprise, it is necessary to install a multi-function meter at the 10kV total inlet, where the ACR320ELH network multi-function meter is configured, and the ACRACR330EFLKH multi-function instrument is used in the 0.4kV inlet part; the multi-function meter ACR220EFLK is configured in the power distribution room outlet part; the DTSD1352/C rail-guided watt-hour meter is installed in the workshop power cabinet and dormitory power cabinet. And through the secondary access of the transformer, the electricity consumption of each dormitory is measured by the multi-loop metering device ADF300-II-18D (6S) at the end of each floor of the dormitory building.

企業用水包括純水以及生產所產生的污水，其中純水通過安裝遠傳水表進行計量；污水通過污水處理站PLC直接本系統。企業蒸汽、壓縮空氣分別通過氣體流量計進行計量。

Enterprise water use includes pure water and sewage generated by production, of which pure water is metered by installing remote water meters; sewage is directly through the sewage treatment station PLC. The company's steam and compressed air are metered by gas flow meters.

2.2 電能管理系統網絡構成

整個能源系統采用分層、分布式系統結構，包括一個監管中心，三個通訊子站以及若干個現場計量單元，高可靠性工業控制計算機及軟、硬件系統，高性能的現場總線技術及網絡通信技術，確保整個系統運行安全、穩定可靠、使用維護方便。

The entire energy system adopts a hierarchical and distributed system structure, including a supervision center, three communication sub-stations and several on-site metering units, high-reliability industrial control computers and software and hardware systems, high-performance fieldbus technology and network communication technology, to ensure that the entire system is safe, stable and reliable, easy to use and maintain.

能源監管中心包含能源管理計算機、網絡交換機、打印機、UPS以及Acrel-3000能源管理軟件，其中軟件部分具有良好的人機交互界面，通過數據傳輸協議讀取通訊管理機采集的現場各類數據信息，自動經過計算處理，以圖形、數顯、聲音等方式反映現場的運行狀況；電能計量管理功能設計各種符合用戶的報表格式，報表內數據嚴格按照各種標準進行計量，搭建完整的計量體系，用戶只需查找打印即可，操作方便，提高了工作效率。

The energy supervision center includes energy management computers, network switches, printers, UPS and Acre-3000 energy management software, of which the software part has a good human-computer interaction interface, through the data transmission protocol to read all kinds of data information collected by the communication management machine, automatically through calculation processing, graphics, digital display, sound and other ways to reflect the operation of the scene; energy metering management function design a variety of report formats in line with the user, the data in the report is strictly in accordance with various standards for measurement, To build a complete measurement system, users only need to find and print, easy to operate, improve work efficiency.

通訊子站主要包括通訊管理機、數據采集箱以及其他網絡設備，網絡結構如下圖所示：

The communication sub-station mainly includes communication management machines, data collection boxes and other network equipment, and the network structure is shown in the following figure

2.3 主要是設計參考標準

GB50052-2009 《供配電系統設計規范》

DL/T 814-2002 《配電自動化系統功能規范》

GB50054-2011 《低壓配電設計規范》

DL/T 5430-2009 《無人值班變電站遠方監控中心設計技術規程》

GB/T 2887-2011 《計算機場地通用規范》

Q/GDW 231-2008 《無人值守變電站及監控 中心技術導則》

GB/T 50063-2008 《電力裝置的電量測量儀表裝置設計規范》

Q/GDW 214-2008 《變電站計算機監控系統現場驗收管理規程》

2.4 能源管理系統軟件功能設計

系統依據客戶實際需求進行設計，并實現了一次主接線圖界面顯示；電參量遙測及電參量越限報警；事件記錄；系統運行異常監測；故障報警及操作記錄；報表查詢與打印；系統負荷實時、歷史曲線，用戶權限管理等主要功能。

The system is designed according to the actual needs of customers, and realizes the interface display of a main wiring diagram; the main parameter telemetry and the electrical parameter overrun alarm; the event record; the system operation abnormal monitoring; the fault alarm and operation record; the report query and printing; the system load real-time, historical curve, user rights management and other main functions.

數據的采集與處理

通過高精度智能儀表以技術手段實現自動化全實時、高密度的實時用能監測，減少用能的“跑、冒、滴、漏”和計量誤差。實時監視現場儀表的回傳數據，對電能進行合理的管控和預警，及時發現并改正運行中存在的用電異常，隨時處理。按需設置重要設備的超標預警值，超標時醒目提醒并主動記錄。

Through high-precision intelligent instruments, technical means to achieve automated full real-time, high-density real-time energy monitoring, reduce the "running, running, dripping, leakage" and measurement errors of energy consumption. Real-time monitoring of the backhaul data of the field instrument, reasonable control and early warning of electric energy, timely discovery and correction of electrical abnormalities in operation, and processing at any time. Set the early warning value of important equipment exceeding the standard as needed, and give a prominent reminder and actively record when it exceeds the standard.

用電管理及計量體系的搭建

為了實現對用能回路的監管，系統設計了能源管理報表，系統通過對有功電度、用水、用氣等能源的采集，按照回路名稱的不同。按照計量體系搭建原則，自動生成日報表、月報表和年報表，將各進線回路與出線回路電能消耗量在同一張報表中體現出來，并計算出線回路用電量之和，出線回路與進線回路誤差、誤差百分比（誤差百分比是否超標）等，幫助用戶及時發現這種非正常用電問題。

In order to realize the supervision of energy-using circuits, the system designed an energy management report, and the system collected energy sources such as active electricity, water, and gas, according to the name of the circuit. According to the principle of metering system construction, the daily report, monthly report and annual report are automatically generated, and the power consumption of each inlet circuit and the outlet circuit is reflected in the same report, and the sum of the electricity consumption of the line loop is calculated, the error between the outlet loop and the inlet loop, the error percentage (whether the error percentage exceeds the standard), etc., to help users find this abnormal electricity problem in time.

同時電能管理系統可對某一回路的某一時間段內的用電量進行查詢，可以幫助后勤管理部門建立用能管理考核制度。通過系統的建設和制度的建立，使各部門辦公、生產人員節能意識大大提高，節約了企業管理辦公能源消耗。

At the same time, the electric energy management system can inquire about the electricity consumption in a certain period of time in a certain circuit, which can help the logistics management department establish an energy consumption management assessment system. Through the construction of the system and the establishment of the system, the energy-saving awareness of the office and production personnel of various departments has been greatly improved, and the energy consumption of the enterprise management office has been saved.

能源流向圖

能源流向圖表示的是能源介質流向的一種示意圖，直觀形象地概括了企業能源系統的全貌，反應了企業在能源輸入及分配輸送方面的平衡關系。

The energy flow chart represents a schematic diagram of the flow direction of the energy medium, which intuitively summarizes the overall situation of the enterprise's energy system and reflects the balanced relationship between the enterprise in terms of energy input and distribution and transmission.

電能質量

某新廠房生產線有很多新儀器，對電能質量要求較高，特別是電磁波，同時由于諧波的產生會造成變壓器、輸電線路等電氣設備附加損耗與發熱，縮短使用壽命，造成設備震動和噪聲；諧波諧振過電壓，造成電氣元件及設備的故障與損壞；引起電能計量錯誤 ；重要的自動控制、保護裝置不正確動作；IT芯片制造成品率降低等等，通過電能質量的監測，能隨時掌握每條生產線路電能質量，并及時給出治理方案，確保電能質量。

A new plant production line has a lot of new instruments, the power quality requirements are high, especially harmonics, and because of the generation of harmonics will cause transformers, transmission lines and other electrical equipment additional loss and heat, shorten the service life, resulting in equipment vibration and noise; harmonic overvoltage, resulting in electrical components and equipment failure and damage; causing power measurement errors; important automatic control, protection device incorrect action; IT chip manufacturing yield reduction, etc., through the monitoring of power quality, Can grasp the power quality of each production line at any time, and timely give the treatment plan to ensure the power quality.

數據共享

某新老廠區均配置能源管理系統，為了方便企業管理人員對新老廠區能源系統統一管理，整個新建廠區能源管理系統可以通過企業內部專網，實現新老廠區數據共享，方便業務能源管理能源統一管理，提高效率。

A new and old plant area are equipped with energy management system, in order to facilitate the enterprise management of the new and old plant energy system to agree to manage, the entire new plant energy management system can be through the enterprise internal private network, to achieve the new and old plant data sharing, convenient business energy management energy unified management, improve efficiency.

03 企業能源管理系統的意義

綜上所述，能源管理系統幫助用能單位提高效率、減少損失、降低運營成本，能源管理系統能夠確保電網管理效率、縮小運營成本，也成為供配電設計中不可或缺的重要組成部分。能源管理系統的通信、故障報警、數據存儲記錄等功能使得工作人員在實際工作中更加方便，可以通過人機操作界面, 直接了解到智能設備的運行狀態,并能迅速傳遞出操作指令，由于監控設備對數據的傳遞都是通過網絡傳輸來實現，因此，不同的能源管理系統可以設計不同的組網方式,確保數據信息能夠迅速進行傳輸。另一方面，在企業能源管理設計中運用能源管理系統，應該根據實際情況選擇計量裝置。

In summary, the energy management system helps the energy user unit to improve efficiency, reduce losses, reduce operating costs, energy management system can ensure the efficiency of grid management, reduce operating costs, and become an indispensable part of the power supply and distribution design. Energy management system communication, fault alarm, data storage records and other functions make the staff in the actual work more convenient, through the man-machine operation interface, directly understand the operating status of the energy equipment, and can quickly transmit the operation instructions, because the monitoring equipment on the transmission of data are through the network transmission to achieve, therefore, different energy management systems can design different networking methods, to ensure that data information can be quickly transmitted. On the other hand, the use of energy management systems in the design of enterprise energy management should be based on the actual situation of the metering device.

在工業企業設置能源管理系統，可以實現對企業內能源計量分產線、分廠區、分產量等進行統計分析，不僅能夠準確的表示出回路的用能狀況，它還具備網絡通訊等功能，能夠與計算機、串口服務器等設備進行組合，及時的顯示樓內各條生產線的運作狀態，當某設備電力系統的負載越標時，能源管理系統能夠迅速報警，發出語音提示。另外，能源管理系統還能夠生成報表、曲線圖等統計信息，便于有關人員分析企業各部門的用能狀況，使企業的用能活動更加安全，從而保證企業生產人員的生命安全，提高生產人員的工作效率。

In the industrial enterprises to set up energy management system, can achieve statistical analysis of the energy metering sub-production line, sub-plant area, sub-output, etc. in the enterprise, not only can accurately represent the energy consumption status of the circuit, it also has network communication and other functions, can be combined with computers, serial port servers and other equipment, timely display the operation status of each production line in the building, when the load of a certain equipment power system exceeds the standard, the energy management system can quickly alarm, send out voice prompts. In addition, the energy management system can also generate statistical information such as reports and curve charts, which is convenient for relevant personnel to analyze the energy consumption status of each part of the enterprise, so that the energy consumption activities of the enterprise are more secure, so as to ensure the life safety of the production personnel of the enterprise and improve the work efficiency of the production personnel.

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