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HiveSQL

發布時間：2024/2/28 数据库 32 豆豆

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Hive的數據類型 :

Hive完整的DDL建表語法規則

CREATE [TEMPORARY] [EXTERNAL] TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] [db_name.]table_name ???-- (Note: TEMPORARY available in Hive 0.14.0 and later)

??[(col_name data_type [COMMENT col_comment], ... [constraint_specification])]

??[COMMENT table_comment]

??[PARTITIONED BY (col_name data_type [COMMENT col_comment], ...)]

??[CLUSTERED BY (col_name, col_name, ...) [SORTED BY (col_name [ASC|DESC], ...)] INTO num_buckets BUCKETS]

??[SKEWED BY (col_name, col_name, ...) ?????????????????-- (Note: Available in Hive 0.10.0 and later)]

?????ON ((col_value, col_value, ...), (col_value, col_value, ...), ...)

?????[STORED AS DIRECTORIES]

??[

???[ROW FORMAT row_format]

???[STORED AS file_format]

?????| STORED BY 'storage.handler.class.name' [WITH SERDEPROPERTIES (...)] ?-- (Note: Available in Hive 0.6.0 and later)

??]

??[LOCATION hdfs_path]

??[TBLPROPERTIES (property_name=property_value, ...)] ??-- (Note: Available in Hive 0.6.0 and later)

??[AS select_statement]; ??-- (Note: Available in Hive 0.5.0 and later; not supported for external tables)

Hive 內部表

CREATE ?TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] table_name

刪除表時，元數據與數據都會被刪除

Hive 外部表

CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] table_name LOCATION hdfs_path

刪除外部表只刪除metastore的元數據，不刪除hdfs中的表數據

Hive 建表

?CREATE TABLE person(

????id INT,

????name STRING,

????age INT,

????likes ARRAY<STRING>,

????address MAP<STRING,STRING>

??)

??ROW FORMAT DELIMITED

??FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','

??COLLECTION ITEMS TERMINATED BY '-'

??MAP KEYS TERMINATED BY ':'

??LINES TERMINATED BY '\n';

Hive字段的默認值

Hive 查看表描述

DESCRIBE [EXTENDED|FORMATTED] table_name

Hive 建表

Create Table Like:

CREATE TABLE empty_key_value_store LIKE key_value_store;

Create Table As Select (CTAS)

CREATE TABLE new_key_value_store

??????AS

????SELECT columA, columB FROM key_value_store;

總結

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HiveSQL