Unit21

6.18

• [sub-]:"under"
  • subway
  • submarine
  • subject：受…支配的
  • subplot：次要情節(jié)
  • subscribe：定期訂購(gòu)（或訂閱等）；定期捐助；申請(qǐng)，注冊(cè)，報(bào)名；~ to 同意，贊成
  • subscription：捐助, 訂閱, 簽名
  • subconscious????????：潛意識(shí)的；下意識(shí)的
    • Existing in the mind just below the level of awareness.
  • subjugate：使(愿望、渴望)退居其次，使讓位于；(尤指在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中)征服，制服，使屈服
    • To bring under control and rule as a subject; conquer, subdue.
      • submission
  • subliminal：太弱或太快以至于難以覺(jué)察的
    • Not quite strong enough to be sensed or perceived consciously.
  • subversion：(對(duì)政府或政治體系的)顛覆，暗中破壞
    • (1) An attempt to overthrow a government by working secretly from within. (2) The corrupting of someone or something by weakening their morals, loyalty, or faith.
      • subversive：adj. 破壞性的；從事顛覆的；n. 危險(xiǎn)分子；顛覆分子
• [hyper-]:"above or beyond"
  • hyperinflation：惡性通貨膨脹
  • hypercritical：(尤指對(duì)小錯(cuò)誤)吹毛求疵的;過(guò)于苛刻的
  • hypersensitive：過(guò)于敏感的，過(guò)敏的
  • hyperextend
  • hyperactive：活動(dòng)過(guò)度的,極度活躍的,活動(dòng)亢進(jìn)的
    • Excessively active.
  • hyperbole：夸張
    • Extreme exaggeration.
      • hyperbolic：雙曲線的，夸張的
  • hypertension：高血壓
    • High blood pressure.
  • hyperventilate：通常指因恐懼、疲憊或興奮而）呼吸急促，通氣過(guò)度
    • To breathe rapidly and deeply.
• [pre-]:"before" or "in front of."
  • prediction：預(yù)言
  • precede：在…之前, 先于
  • prejudice：偏見(jiàn)，偏心，成見(jiàn)
  • preclude：杜絕；防止，妨礙
    • To make impossible beforehand; prevent.
  • precocious：早熟的；智慧超前的
    • Showing the qualities or abilities of an adult at an unusually early age.
      • precocity
  • predispose：使傾向于，使有意向；使易感染，使易患（某種疾病）
    • (1) To influence in advance in order to create a particular attitude. (2) To make one more likely to develop a particular disease or physical condition.
      • predisposition
  • prerequisite：先決條件
    • Something that is required in advance to achieve a goal or to carry out a function.
• [para-]:"beside" or "closely related to."
  • parallel：
  • paragraph：段落
  • paraphrase：（用更容易理解的文字）解釋，釋義，意譯
    • To restate the meaning (of something written or spoken) in different words.
  • paralegal：律師助理
    • Of, relating to, or being a trained assistant to a lawyer.
  • paramedic：急救醫(yī)士，醫(yī)務(wù)輔助人員
    • A specially trained medical technician licensed to provide a wide range of emergency services before or during transportation to a hospital.
      • Intravenous therapy：靜脈注射（IV）
  • paramilitary：輔助軍事的；準(zhǔn)軍事的
    • Relating to a force formed on a military pattern, especially as a possible backup military force.
• [meta-]:"behind" or "beyond"
  • metacarpal：掌骨（人的腕骨與指骨之間的五根小型長(zhǎng)骨）
  • metalanguage：元語(yǔ)言（用于講述或描述語(yǔ)言或某種語(yǔ)言的詞和短語(yǔ)）
  • metadata：[計(jì)]元數(shù)據(jù)
    • Data that provides information about other data.
  • metaphorical????????：暗喻的，隱喻的，比喻的
    • Relating to a figure of speech in which a word or phrase meaning one kind of object or idea is used in place of another to suggest a similarity between them.
      • metaphor
  • metaphysics：形而上學(xué)，玄學(xué)
    • The part of philosophy having to do with the ultimate causes and basic nature of things.
  • metonymy：轉(zhuǎn)喻（用一名稱來(lái)指代與之密切相關(guān)的事物，例如用 the White House 來(lái)指代 the US president）
    • A figure of speech in which the name of one thing is used for the name of something else that is associated with it or related to it.
• [per-]:"through," "throughout," or "thoroughly."
  • perforate：穿孔???? per-,穿過(guò)
  • perennial：多年的，長(zhǎng)久的?????? per-,整個(gè)的
  • permanent：永久的 ????????per-,整個(gè)的
  • persuade：勸說(shuō)，勸服????? per-,完全的
  • perverted：顛倒的，反常的，性變態(tài)的???? per-,完全的，-vert,轉(zhuǎn)
  • percolate：滲入，滲透；（想法、感覺(jué)、信息）蔓延，逐漸流傳
    • (1) To trickle or filter through something porous. (2) To become spread through.
      • percolation
  • pervade：滲透；彌漫；遍及
    • To spread through all parts of something.
      • pervasive：無(wú)處不在（的）
  • permeate：滲透，彌漫
    • (1) To spread throughout. (2) To pass through the pores or small openings of.
      • permeable
      • impermeable
  • persevere：堅(jiān)忍，堅(jiān)持
    • To keep at something in spite of difficulties, opposition, or discouragement.
      • perseverance
• [ant-/anti-]:"against"
  • anticlimax：掃興的
  • antiseptic：防腐劑
  • antibiotic：抗生素
  • antacid：解酸藥；抗酸劑
  • antidote：解毒劑
  • antagonist：對(duì)手；敵手
    • A person who opposes or is unfriendly toward another; an opponent.
      • protagonist：主人公，主角
      • antagonize：使對(duì)立
      • antagonism：對(duì)抗，敵對(duì)
  • antigen：抗原
    • A chemical substance (such as a protein) that, when introduced into the body, causes the body to form antibodies against it.
      • antibody：<生>抗體
      • allergen：過(guò)敏原
      • allergy：過(guò)敏
      • pathogen：病原體
      • pathology：病理(學(xué))
  • antipathy：反感, 厭惡
    • A strong dislike.
  • antithesis：（二者間的）對(duì)比，對(duì)照;對(duì)立
    • (1) The contrast or opposition of ideas. (2) The exact opposite.
• [contra-]:"against" or "contrary to"
  • contrast
  • contrapuntal：對(duì)位的（多曲調(diào)演奏的；復(fù)調(diào)音樂(lè)的）
  • contraband：（非法帶入或帶出國(guó)境的）禁運(yùn)品，走私貨
    • Goods that are forbidden by law to be owned or brought into or out of a country; smuggled goods.
  • contraindication：禁忌使用（某種藥物或療法）
    • Something (such as a symptom or condition) that makes a particular treatment, medication, or procedure likely to be unsafe.
  • contravene：違反；否認(rèn)
    • (1) To go against or act contrary to; to violate. (2) To oppose in an argument, to contradict.
      • contravention
  • contrarian：采取相反態(tài)度(或立場(chǎng))者(的)
    • A person who takes a contrary position or attitude, especially an investor who buys shares of stock when most others are selling or sells when others are buying.
• magnum opus????????A great work, especially the greatest achievement of an artist, composer, or writer.
• memento mori????????A reminder of mortality, especially a human skull symbolizing death.
• habeas corpus????????An order to bring a jailed person before a judge or court to find out if that person should really be in jail.
• rigor mortis????????The temporary rigidity of muscles that sets in after death.
• sine qua non????????An essential thing.
• tabula rasa????????(1) The mind in its blank or unmarked state before receiving any impressions from outside. (2) Something existing in its original pure state.
• terra incognita????????An unexplored country or field of knowledge.

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