WebRTC 的實現中媒體數據和媒體控制數據通過 RTP/RTCP 來傳，媒體數據的處理及媒體數據傳輸控制基于 RTP/RTCP 來實現。除了 RTP/RTCP 外，連接建立，參數協商，RTP/RTCP 包的傳輸等過程由信令協議、peer connection 和 p2p 完成，這部分也用到了非常多的協議，包括 ICE，STUN，TURN，SDP，DTLS 等，這些協議有許多的 RFC 定義。這些協議大多也都隨著時間在更新優化。

這里梳理一下相關的協議及它們的變化發展。

ICE 相關協議

RFC 5245, Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE): A Protocol for Network Address Translator (NAT) Traversal for Offer/Answer Protocols
RFC 6336, IANA Registry for Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE) Options
RFC 8445, Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE): A Protocol for Network Address Translator (NAT) Traversal
RFC 8839, Session Description Protocol (SDP) Offer/Answer Procedures for Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE)
RFC 8838, Trickle ICE: Incremental Provisioning of Candidates for the Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE) Protocol
RFC 8863, Interactive Connectivity Establishment Patiently Awaiting Connectivity (ICE PAC)

STUN 和 TURN 相關協議

RFC 5389, Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN)
RFC 7350, Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) as Transport for Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN)
RFC 8553, DNS AttrLeaf Changes: Fixing Specifications That Use Underscored Node Names
RFC 5928, Traversal Using Relays around NAT (TURN) Resolution Mechanism
RFC 8489, Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN)

RFC 5766, Traversal Using Relays around NAT (TURN): Relay Extensions to Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN)
RFC 6156, Traversal Using Relays around NAT (TURN) Extension for IPv6
RFC 8656, Traversal Using Relays around NAT (TURN): Relay Extensions to Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN)

DTLS 相關協議

RFC 4347, Datagram Transport Layer Security
RFC 5746, Transport Layer Security (TLS) Renegotiation Indication Extension
RFC 7507, TLS Fallback Signaling Cipher Suite Value (SCSV) for Preventing Protocol Downgrade Attacks
RFC 6347, Datagram Transport Layer Security Version 1.2

RFC 5763, Framework for Establishing a Secure Real-time Transport Protocol (SRTP) Security Context Using Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS)
RFC 8842, Session Description Protocol (SDP) Offer/Answer Considerations for Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) and Transport Layer Security (TLS)

SDP 相關協議

RFC 4566, SDP: Session Description Protocol
RFC 8866, SDP: Session Description Protocol

總結

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