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Linux 磁盘分区 Fdisk

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linux磁盤分區(qū)：fdisk（小于2T的分區(qū)工具）

[root@zyl ~]# fdisk -l ? ? ? ? ? ?#####查看磁盤空間?

Disk /dev/sda: 16.1 GB, 16106127360 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1958 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00061f64

? ?Device Boot ? ? ?Start ? ? ? ? End ? ? ?Blocks ? Id ?System

/dev/sda1 ? * ? ? ? ? ? 1 ? ? ? ? ?26 ? ? ?204800 ? 83 ?Linux

Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.

/dev/sda2 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?26 ? ? ? ? 307 ? ? 2252800 ? 82 ?Linux swap / Solaris

Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.

/dev/sda3 ? ? ? ? ? ? 307 ? ? ? ?1959 ? ?13270016 ? 83 ?Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

[root@zyl ~]# fdisk --help ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?#####查看幫助

fdisk: invalid option -- '-'

Usage:

?fdisk [options] <disk> ? ?change partition table

?fdisk [options] -l <disk> list partition table(s)

?fdisk -s <partition> ? ? ?give partition size(s) in blocks

Options:

?-b <size> ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? sector size (512, 1024, 2048 or 4096)

?-c ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?switch off DOS-compatible mode

?-h ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?print help

?-u <size> ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? give sizes in sectors instead of cylinders

?-v ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?print version

?-C <number> ? ? ? ? ? ? ? specify the number of cylinders

?-H <number> ? ? ? ? ? ? ? specify the number of heads

?-S <number> ? ? ? ? ? ? ? specify the number of sectors per track

[root@zyl ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb ? ? ? #####查看/dev/sdb磁盤空間

Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

[root@zyl ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb #####查看/dev/sdb磁盤空間

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x4f8513b3.

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to

? ? ? ? ?switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to

? ? ? ? ?sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): m ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?##### 輸入m ?查看幫助

Command action

? ?a ? toggle a bootable flag

? ?b ? edit bsd disklabel ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??

? ?c ? toggle the dos compatibility flag

? ?d ? delete a partition ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?#####刪除一個(gè)分區(qū)

? ?l ? list known partition types ? ? ? ? ? ?#####查看分區(qū)類型對(duì)應(yīng)的編號(hào)列表

? ?m ? print this menu ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? #####打印此幫助菜單

? ?n ? add a new partition ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? #####新建一個(gè)分區(qū)

? ?o ? create a new empty DOS partition table

? ?p ? print the partition table ? ? ? ? ? ? #####打印分區(qū)列表

? ?q ? quit without saving changes ? ? ? ? ? #####退出程序，不保存

? ?s ? create a new empty Sun disklabel ?

? ?t ? change a partition's system id ? ? ? ?#####更改分區(qū)類型

? ?u ? change display/entry units

? ?v ? verify the partition table

? ?w ? write table to disk and exit ? ? ? ? ?#####將分區(qū)寫入分區(qū)表并退出程序

? ?x ? extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): n ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?#####新建一個(gè)分區(qū)

Command action

? ?e ? extended ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?#####分區(qū)類型 ?擴(kuò)展分區(qū)

? ?p ? primary partition (1-4) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? #####主分區(qū)

p ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?#####新建主分區(qū)

Partition number (1-4): 1

First cylinder (1-130, default 1): ? ? ? ? ? #####默認(rèn)為1

Using default value 1

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-130, default 130): +100M

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x4f8513b3

? ?Device Boot ? ? ?Start ? ? ? ? End ? ? ?Blocks ? Id ?System

/dev/sdb1 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 1 ? ? ? ? ?14 ? ? ?112423+ ?83 ?Linux

Command (m for help): m

Command action

? ?a ? toggle a bootable flag

? ?b ? edit bsd disklabel

? ?c ? toggle the dos compatibility flag

? ?d ? delete a partition

? ?l ? list known partition types

? ?m ? print this menu

? ?n ? add a new partition

? ?o ? create a new empty DOS partition table

? ?p ? print the partition table

? ?q ? quit without saving changes

? ?s ? create a new empty Sun disklabel

? ?t ? change a partition's system id

? ?u ? change display/entry units

? ?v ? verify the partition table

? ?w ? write table to disk and exit

? ?x ? extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): n

Command action

? ?e ? extended

? ?p ? primary partition (1-4)

Partition number (1-4): 1

Partition 1 is already defined. ?Delete it before re-adding it.#分區(qū)1已經(jīng)定義。刪除它之前重新添加它

Command (m for help): n

Command action

? ?e ? extended

? ?p ? primary partition (1-4)

e ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?#####新建擴(kuò)展分區(qū)

Partition number (1-4): 2

First cylinder (15-130, default 15): 15

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (15-130, default 130):?

Using default value 130

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x4f8513b3

? ?Device Boot ? ? ?Start ? ? ? ? End ? ? ?Blocks ? Id ?System

/dev/sdb1 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 1 ? ? ? ? ?14 ? ? ?112423+ ?83 ?Linux

/dev/sdb2 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?15 ? ? ? ? 130 ? ? ?931770 ? ?5 ?Extended

Command (m for help): n

Command action

? ?l ? logical (5 or over) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?#####分區(qū)類型 ?邏輯分區(qū)?

? ?p ? primary partition (1-4)

Partition number (1-4): 2 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? #####此僅為測(cè)試

Partition 2 is already defined. ?Delete it before re-adding it.

Command (m for help): n

Command action

? ?l ? logical (5 or over)

? ?p ? primary partition (1-4)

Partition number (1-4): 4 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?#####此僅為測(cè)試

No free sectors available ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?#####發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有空間。即創(chuàng)建邏輯分區(qū)

Command action

? ?l ? logical (5 or over)

? ?p ? primary partition (1-4)

First cylinder (15-130, default 15):?

Using default value 15

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (15-130, default 130): +400M

Unsupported suffix+400M'.

Supported: 10^N: KB (KiloByte), MB (MegaByte), GB (GigaByte)

? ? ? ? ? ? 2^N: K ?(KibiByte), M ?(MebiByte), G ?(GibiByte)

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (15-130, default 130): +400M

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x4f8513b3

? ?Device Boot ? ? ?Start ? ? ? ? End ? ? ?Blocks ? Id ?System

/dev/sdb1 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 1 ? ? ? ? ?14 ? ? ?112423+ ?83 ?Linux

/dev/sdb2 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?15 ? ? ? ? 130 ? ? ?931770 ? ?5 ?Extended

/dev/sdb5 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?15 ? ? ? ? ?66 ? ? ?417658+ ?83 ?Linux

Command (m for help): n

Command action

? ?l ? logical (5 or over)

? ?p ? primary partition (1-4)

First cylinder (67-130, default 67):?

Using default value 67

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (67-130, default 130):?

Using default value 130

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x4f8513b3

? ?Device Boot ? ? ?Start ? ? ? ? End ? ? ?Blocks ? Id ?System

/dev/sdb1 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 1 ? ? ? ? ?14 ? ? ?112423+ ?83 ?Linux

/dev/sdb2 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?15 ? ? ? ? 130 ? ? ?931770 ? ?5 ?Extended

/dev/sdb5 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?15 ? ? ? ? ?66 ? ? ?417658+ ?83 ?Linux

/dev/sdb6 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?67 ? ? ? ? 130 ? ? ?514048+ ?83 ?Linux

[root@zyl ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 16.1 GB, 16106127360 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1958 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00061f64

? ?Device Boot ? ? ?Start ? ? ? ? End ? ? ?Blocks ? Id ?System

/dev/sda1 ? * ? ? ? ? ? 1 ? ? ? ? ?26 ? ? ?204800 ? 83 ?Linux

Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.

/dev/sda2 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?26 ? ? ? ? 307 ? ? 2252800 ? 82 ?Linux swap / Solaris

Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.

/dev/sda3 ? ? ? ? ? ? 307 ? ? ? ?1959 ? ?13270016 ? 83 ?Linux

Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x4f8513b3

? ?Device Boot ? ? ?Start ? ? ? ? End ? ? ?Blocks ? Id ?System

/dev/sdb1 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 1 ? ? ? ? ?14 ? ? ?112423+ ?83 ?Linux

/dev/sdb2 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?15 ? ? ? ? 130 ? ? ?931770 ? ?5 ?Extended

/dev/sdb5 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?15 ? ? ? ? ?66 ? ? ?417658+ ?83 ?Linux

/dev/sdb6 ? ? ? ? ? ? ?67 ? ? ? ? 130 ? ? ?514048+ ?83 ?Linux ?

[root@zyl ~]# partprobe ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?#####強(qiáng)制內(nèi)核重新查找一次分區(qū)表

Warning: WARNING: the kernel failed to re-read the partition table on /dev/sda (Device or resource busy). ?As a result, it may not reflect all of your changes until after reboot.

[root@zyl /]# ll /dev/sd*

brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, ?0 Jun 25 ?2016 /dev/sda

brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, ?1 Jun 25 01:58 /dev/sda1

brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, ?2 Jun 25 ?2016 /dev/sda2

brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, ?3 Jun 25 ?2016 /dev/sda3

brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 16 Jun 25 02:16 /dev/sdb

brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 17 Jun 25 02:16 /dev/sdb1

brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 18 Jun 25 02:16 /dev/sdb2

brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 21 Jun 25 02:16 /dev/sdb5

brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 22 Jun 25 02:16 /dev/sdb6

[root@zyl /]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?#####格式化/dev/sdb1 ?

mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=1024 (log=0)

Fragment size=1024 (log=0)

Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

28112 inodes, 112420 blocks

5621 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=1

Maximum filesystem blocks=67371008

14 block groups

8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group

2008 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:?

? ? ? ? 8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729

Writing inode tables: done ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

Creating journal (4096 blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 21 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first. ?Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

[root@zyl /]#?

[root@zyl /]# tune2fs -c -1 /dev/sdb1 ? ? ? ? ?#####調(diào)整和查看/dev/sdb1文件系統(tǒng)的參數(shù)

tune2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

Setting maximal mount count to -1

[root@zyl /]# df -h

Filesystem ? ? ?Size ?Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda3 ? ? ? ?13G ?1.6G ? 11G ?14% /

tmpfs ? ? ? ? ? 935M ? ? 0 ?935M ? 0% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1 ? ? ? 194M ? 34M ?151M ?19% /boot

[root@zyl /]#?

[root@zyl /]# ls /dev/sd*

/dev/sda ? /dev/sda2 ?/dev/sdb ? /dev/sdb2 ?/dev/sdb6

/dev/sda1 ?/dev/sda3 ?/dev/sdb1 ?/dev/sdb5

[root@zyl /]# ll /dev/sd*

brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, ?0 Jun 25 ?2016 /dev/sda

brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, ?1 Jun 25 01:58 /dev/sda1

brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, ?2 Jun 25 ?2016 /dev/sda2

brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, ?3 Jun 25 ?2016 /dev/sda3

brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 16 Jun 25 02:24 /dev/sdb

brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 17 Jun 25 02:28 /dev/sdb1

brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 18 Jun 25 02:16 /dev/sdb2

brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 21 Jun 25 02:16 /dev/sdb5

brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 22 Jun 25 02:16 /dev/sdb6

[root@zyl /]# mount /dev/sd

sda ? sda1 ?sda2 ?sda3 ?sdb ? sdb1 ?sdb2 ?sdb5 ?sdb6 ?

[root@zyl /]# mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt

[root@zyl /]# touch /mnt/dddd

[root@zyl /]# df -h

Filesystem ? ? ?Size ?Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda3 ? ? ? ?13G ?1.6G ? 11G ?14% /

tmpfs ? ? ? ? ? 935M ? ? 0 ?935M ? 0% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1 ? ? ? 194M ? 34M ?151M ?19% /boot

/dev/sdb1 ? ? ? 107M ?5.6M ? 96M ? 6% /mnt

[root@zyl /]# parted /dev/sdb

GNU Parted 2.1

Using /dev/sdb

Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.

轉(zhuǎn)載于:https://blog.51cto.com/zhagyilig/1793063

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