?tail? -30 /data/mysql/localhost.localdomain.err?? (日志文件路徑依情況而定)，

-----------------------------------------161108 11:36:45 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/var2017-08-15 11:36:46 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).2017-08-15 11:36:46 5497 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.2017-08-15 11:36:46 7f11c48e1720 InnoDB: Warning: Using innodb_additional_mem_pool_size is DEPRECATED. This option may be removed in future releases, together with the option innodb_use_sys_malloc and with the InnoDB's internal memory allocator.2017-08-15 11:36:46 5497 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages2017-08-15 11:36:46 5497 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled2017-08-15 11:36:46 5497 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins2017-08-15 11:36:46 5497 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used2017-08-15 11:36:46 5497 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.32017-08-15 11:36:46 5497 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions2017-08-15 11:36:46 5497 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 16.0M2017-08-15 11:36:46 5497 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer poolInnoDB: Database page corruption on disk or a failedInnoDB: file read of page 5.InnoDB: You may have to recover from a backup.2017-08-15 11:36:46 7f11c48e1720 InnoDB: Page dump in ascii and hex (16384 bytes):len 16384; hex 7478d078000000050000000000000000000000000f271f4d000700000000000000000000000000000000001b4000000000000000000200f20000000000000006000000000000002d000000000000002e000000000000002f0000000000000030000000000（省略很多類似代碼）InnoDB: End of page dump2017-08-15 11:36:46 7f11c48e1720 InnoDB: uncompressed page, stored checksum in field1 1954074744, calculated checksums for field1: crc32 993334256, innodb 2046145943, none 3735928559, stored checksum in field2 1139795846, calculated checksums for field2: crc32 993334256, innodb 1606613742, none 3735928559, page LSN 0 254222157, low 4 bytes of LSN at page end 254221236, page number (if stored to page already) 5, space id (if created with >= MySQL-4.1.1 and stored already) 0InnoDB: Page may be a transaction system pageInnoDB: Database page corruption on disk or a failedInnoDB: file read of page 5.InnoDB: You may have to recover from a backup.InnoDB: It is also possible that your operatingInnoDB: system has corrupted its own file cacheInnoDB: and rebooting your computer removes theInnoDB: error.InnoDB: If the corrupt page is an index pageInnoDB: you can also try to fix the corruptionInnoDB: by dumping, dropping, and reimportingInnoDB: the corrupt table. You can use CHECKInnoDB: TABLE to scan your table for corruption.InnoDB: See also http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/forcing-innodb-recovery.htmlInnoDB: about forcing recovery.InnoDB: Ending processing because of a corrupt database page.2017-08-15 11:36:46 7f11c48e1720 InnoDB: Assertion failure in thread 139714288817952 in file buf0buf.cc line 4201InnoDB: We intentionally generate a memory trap.InnoDB: Submit a detailed bug report to http://bugs.mysql.com.InnoDB: If you get repeated assertion failures or crashes, evenInnoDB: immediately after the mysqld startup, there may beInnoDB: corruption in the InnoDB tablespace. Please refer toInnoDB: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/forcing-innodb-recovery.htmlInnoDB: about forcing recovery.03:36:46 UTC - mysqld got signal 6 ;This could be because you hit a bug. It is also possible that this binaryor one of the libraries it was linked against is corrupt, improperly built,or misconfigured. This error can also be caused by malfunctioning hardware.We will try our best to scrape up some info that will hopefully helpdiagnose the problem, but since we have already crashed, something is definitely wrong and this may fail.key_buffer_size=16777216read_buffer_size=262144max_used_connections=0max_threads=1000thread_count=0connection_count=0It is possible that mysqld could use up to key_buffer_size + (read_buffer_size + sort_buffer_size)*max_threads = 798063 K bytes of memoryHope that's ok; if not, decrease some variables in the equation.Thread pointer: 0x0Attempting backtrace. You can use the following information to find outwhere mysqld died. If you see no messages after this, something wentterribly wrong...stack_bottom = 0 thread_stack 0x40000/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld(my_print_stacktrace+0x35)[0x8e64b5]/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld(handle_fatal_signal+0x41b)[0x652fbb]/lib64/libpthread.so.0(+0xf7e0)[0x7f11c44c77e0]/lib64/libc.so.6(gsignal+0x35)[0x7f11c315d625]/lib64/libc.so.6(abort+0x175)[0x7f11c315ee05]/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld[0xa585c5]/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld[0xa6c7b4]/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld[0xa6cbc7]/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld[0xa5bce2]/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld[0xa1e2ba]/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld[0xa0bf60]/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld[0x95a427]/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld(_Z24ha_initialize_handlertonP13st_plugin_int+0x48)[0x58f788]/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld[0x6e4a36]/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld(_Z11plugin_initPiPPci+0xb3e)[0x6e826e]/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld[0x582d85]/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld(_Z11mysqld_mainiPPc+0x4d8)[0x587d18]/lib64/libc.so.6(__libc_start_main+0xfd)[0x7f11c3149d5d]/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld[0x57a019]The manual page at http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/crashing.html containsinformation that should help you find out what is causing the crash.161108 11:36:46 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /usr/local/mysql/var/VM_241_49_centos.pid ended------------------------------------------------------------------------------

二、問題分析

從日志中可以看出是innodb引擎出了問題。日志里提示到 http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/forcing-innodb-recovery.html查看強制恢復(fù)的方法。在mysql的配置文件my.cnf里找到 [mysqld]字段下，添加 innodb_force_recovery=1：
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[mysqld]innodb_force_recovery = 1

如果innodb_force_recovery = 1不生效，則可嘗試2——6幾個數(shù)字
然后重啟mysql，重啟成功。然后使用mysqldump或 pma 導(dǎo)出數(shù)據(jù)，執(zhí)行修復(fù)操作等。修復(fù)完成后，把該參數(shù)注釋掉，還原默認值0。
配置文件的參數(shù)：innodb_force_recovery
innodb_force_recovery影響整個InnoDB存儲引擎的恢復(fù)狀況。默認為0，表示當(dāng)需要恢復(fù)時執(zhí)行所有的恢復(fù)操作（即校驗數(shù)據(jù)頁/purge undo/insert buffer merge/rolling back&forward），當(dāng)不能進行有效的恢復(fù)操作時，mysql有可能無法啟動，并記錄錯誤日志；
innodb_force_recovery可以設(shè)置為1-6,大的數(shù)字包含前面所有數(shù)字的影響。當(dāng)設(shè)置參數(shù)值大于0后，可以對表進行select,create,drop操作,但insert,update或者delete這類操作是不允許的。

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1(SRV_FORCE_IGNORE_CORRUPT):忽略檢查到的corrupt頁。
?? ?2(SRV_FORCE_NO_BACKGROUND):阻止主線程的運行，如主線程需要執(zhí)行full purge操作，會導(dǎo)致crash。
?? ?3(SRV_FORCE_NO_TRX_UNDO):不執(zhí)行事務(wù)回滾操作。
?? ?4(SRV_FORCE_NO_IBUF_MERGE):不執(zhí)行插入緩沖的合并操作。
?? ?5(SRV_FORCE_NO_UNDO_LOG_SCAN):不查看重做日志，InnoDB存儲引擎會將未提交的事務(wù)視為已提交。
?? ?6(SRV_FORCE_NO_LOG_REDO):不執(zhí)行前滾的操作。
三、解析方案

一般修復(fù)方法參考：

第一種方法

建立一張新表：
create table demo_bak ?#和原表結(jié)構(gòu)一樣，只是把INNODB改成了MYISAM。
把數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)進去
insert into demo_bak select * from demo;
刪除掉原表：
drop table demo;
注釋掉 innodb_force_recovery 之后，重啟。
重命名：
rename table demo_bak to demo;
最后改回存儲引擎：
alter table demo engine = innodb

第二種方法

另一個方法是使用mysqldump將表格導(dǎo)出，然后再導(dǎo)回到InnoDB表中。這兩種方法的結(jié)果是相同的。
備份導(dǎo)出(包括結(jié)構(gòu)和數(shù)據(jù))：
mysqldump -uroot -p123 test > test.sql
還原方法1：
use test;
source test.sql
還原方法2（系統(tǒng)命令行）：
mysql -uroot -p123 test < test.sql;
注意，CHECK TABLE命令在InnoDB數(shù)據(jù)庫中基本上是沒有用的。

第三種方法

1、配置my.cnf

配置innodb_force_recovery = 1或2——6幾個數(shù)字，重啟MySQL

2、導(dǎo)出數(shù)據(jù)腳本

mysqldump -uroot -p123 test > test.sql
導(dǎo)出SQL腳本。或者用Navicat將所有數(shù)據(jù)庫/表導(dǎo)入到其他服務(wù)器的數(shù)據(jù)庫中。
注意：這里的數(shù)據(jù)一定要備份成功。然后刪除原數(shù)據(jù)庫中的數(shù)據(jù)。

3、刪除ib_logfile0、ib_logfile1、ibdata1

備份MySQL數(shù)據(jù)目錄下的ib_logfile0、ib_logfile1、ibdata1三個文件，然后將這三個文件刪除

4、配置my.cnf

將my.cnf中innodb_force_recovery = 1或2——6幾個數(shù)字這行配置刪除或者配置為innodb_force_recovery = 0，重啟MySQL服務(wù)

5、將數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫

mysql -uroot -p123 test < test.sql; 或者用Navicat將備份的數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入到數(shù)據(jù)庫中。
此種方法下要注意的問題：
? 1、ib_logfile0、ib_logfile1、ibdata1這三個文件一定要先備份后刪除；
? 2、一定要確認原數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)出成功了
? 3、當(dāng)數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)出成功后，刪除原數(shù)據(jù)庫中的數(shù)據(jù)時，如果提示不能刪除，可在命令行進入MySQL的數(shù)據(jù)目錄，手動刪除相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)庫的文件夾或者數(shù)據(jù)庫文件夾下的數(shù)據(jù)表文件，前提是數(shù)據(jù)一定導(dǎo)出或備份成功。

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恢復(fù)mysql為原始狀態(tài) 用戶mysql密碼無 mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/var/lib/mysql/

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