本文轉載自：http://blog.csdn.net/cherish_2012/article/details/41014203

在wireshark里面透過 stream analysis，導出來的H264影像沒法直接播放，是因為我們需要安裝一個插件，Lua腳本如下：

抓取一個包含H.264 Payload RTP包的SIP會話或RTSP會話后，用Wireshark的Play功能只能播放聲音，不能播放視頻。把RTP payload直接導出成文件后也是不能直接播放的，因為H.264 over RTP封包是符合RFC3984規范的，必須按照該規范把H.264數據取出來后，組成NALU，放到avi/mp4或裸碼流文件等容器里后才能播放。

本程序可以識別RFC3984里提到的三種H.264 over RTP封裝，分別是Single NALU（一個RTP含一個NALU）、STAP-A（一個RTP包含多個NALU）、FU-A（一個NALU分布到多個RTP包）三種封裝格式，且會自動把SPS和PPS放到裸碼流文件頭部。

-- Dump RTP h.264 payload to raw h.264 file (*.264)
-- According to RFC3984 to dissector H264 payload of RTP to NALU, and write it
-- to from<sourceIp_sourcePort>to<dstIp_dstPort>.264 file. By now, we support single NALU,
-- STAP-A and FU-A format RTP payload for H.264.
-- You can access this feature by menu "Tools->Export H264 to file [HQX's plugins]"
-- Author: Huang Qiangxiong (qiangxiong.huang@gmail.com)
-- change log:
--????? 2012-03-13
--????????? Just can play
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
do
??? -- for geting h264 data (the field's value is type of ByteArray)
??? local f_h264 = Field.new("h264")?

??? -- menu action. When you click "Tools->Export H264 to file [HQX's plugins]" will run this function
??? local function export_h264_to_file()
??????? -- window for showing information
??????? local tw = TextWindow.new("Export H264 to File Info Win")
??????? local pgtw = ProgDlg.new("Export H264 to File Process", "Dumping H264 data to file...")
?????? ?
??????? -- add message to information window
??????? function twappend(str)
??????????? tw:append(str)
??????????? tw:append("\n")
??????? end
?????? ?
??????? -- running first time for counting and finding sps+pps, second time for real saving
??????? local first_run = true?
??????? -- variable for storing rtp stream and dumping parameters
??????? local stream_infos = {}

??????? -- trigered by all h264 packats
??????? local my_h264_tap = Listener.new(tap, "h264")
?????? ?
??????? -- get rtp stream info by src and dst address
??????? function get_stream_info(pinfo)
??????????? local key = "from_" .. tostring(pinfo.src) .. "_" .. tostring(pinfo.src_port) .. "to" .. tostring(pinfo.dst) .. "_" .. tostring(pinfo.dst_port)
??????????? local stream_info = stream_infos[key]
??????????? if not stream_info then -- if not exists, create one
??????????????? stream_info = { }
??????????????? stream_info.filename = key.. ".264"
??????????????? stream_info.file = io.open(stream_info.filename, "wb")
??????????????? stream_info.counter = 0 -- counting h264 total NALUs
??????????????? stream_info.counter2 = 0 -- for second time running
??????????????? stream_infos[key] = stream_info
??????????????? twappend("Ready to export H.264 data (RTP from " .. tostring(pinfo.src) .. ":" .. tostring(pinfo.src_port)?
???????????????????????? .. " to " .. tostring(pinfo.dst) .. ":" .. tostring(pinfo.dst_port) .. " to file:\n???????? [" .. stream_info.filename .. "] ...\n")
??????????? end
??????????? return stream_info
??????? end
?????? ?
??????? -- write a NALU or part of NALU to file.
??????? function write_to_file(stream_info, str_bytes, begin_with_nalu_hdr)
??????????? if first_run then
??????????????? stream_info.counter = stream_info.counter + 1
?????????????? ?
??????????????? if begin_with_nalu_hdr then
??????????????????? -- save SPS or PPS
??????????????????? local nalu_type = bit.band(str_bytes:byte(0,1), 0x1F)
??????????????????? if not stream_info.sps and nalu_type == 7 then
??????????????????????? stream_info.sps = str_bytes
??????????????????? elseif not stream_info.pps and nalu_type == 8 then
??????????????????????? stream_info.pps = str_bytes
??????????????????? end
??????????????? end
?????????????? ?
??????????? else -- second time running
??????????????? if stream_info.counter2 == 0 then
??????????????????? -- write SPS and PPS to file header first
??????????????????? if stream_info.sps then
??????????????????????? stream_info.file:write("\00\00\00\01")
??????????????????????? stream_info.file:write(stream_info.sps)
??????????????????? else
??????????????????????? twappend("Not found SPS for [" .. stream_info.filename .. "], it might not be played!\n")
??????????????????? end
??????????????????? if stream_info.pps then
??????????????????????? stream_info.file:write("\00\00\00\01")
??????????????????????? stream_info.file:write(stream_info.pps)
??????????????????? else
??????????????????????? twappend("Not found PPS for [" .. stream_info.filename .. "], it might not be played!\n")
??????????????????? end
??????????????? end
?????????? ?
??????????????? if begin_with_nalu_hdr then
??????????????????? -- *.264 raw file format seams that every nalu start with 0x00000001
??????????????????? stream_info.file:write("\00\00\00\01")
??????????????? end
??????????????? stream_info.file:write(str_bytes)
??????????????? stream_info.counter2 = stream_info.counter2 + 1
?????????????? ?
??????????????? if stream_info.counter2 == stream_info.counter then
??????????????????? stream_info.file:flush()
??????????????????? twappend("File [" .. stream_info.filename .. "] generated OK!\n")
??????????????? end
??????????????? -- update progress window's progress bar
??????????????? if stream_info.counter > 0 then pgtw:update(stream_info.counter2 / stream_info.counter) end
??????????? end
??????? end
?????? ?
??????? -- read RFC3984 about single nalu/stap-a/fu-a H264 payload format of rtp
??????? -- single NALU: one rtp payload contains only NALU
??????? function process_single_nalu(stream_info, h264)
??????????? write_to_file(stream_info, h264:tvb()():string(), true)
??????? end
?????? ?
??????? -- STAP-A: one rtp payload contains more than one NALUs
??????? function process_stap_a(stream_info, h264)
??????????? local h264tvb = h264:tvb()
??????????? local offset = 1
??????????? repeat
??????????????? local size = h264tvb(offset,2):uint()
??????????????? write_to_file(stream_info, h264tvb(offset+2, size):string(), true)
??????????????? offset = offset + 2 + size
??????????? until offset >= h264tvb:len()
??????? end
?????? ?
??????? -- FU-A: one rtp payload contains only one part of a NALU (might be begin, middle and end part of a NALU)
??????? function process_fu_a(stream_info, h264)
??????????? local h264tvb = h264:tvb()
??????????? local fu_idr = h264:get_index(0)
??????????? local fu_hdr = h264:get_index(1)
??????????? if bit.band(fu_hdr, 0x80) ~= 0 then
??????????????? -- start bit is set then save nalu header and body
??????????????? local nalu_hdr = bit.bor(bit.band(fu_idr, 0xE0), bit.band(fu_hdr, 0x1F))
??????????????? write_to_file(stream_info, string.char(nalu_hdr), true)
??????????? else
??????????????? -- start bit not set, just write part of nalu body
??????????? end
??????????? write_to_file(stream_info, h264tvb(2):string(), false)
??????? end
?????? ?
??????? -- call this function if a packet contains h264 payload
??????? function my_h264_tap.packet(pinfo,tvb)
??????????? local h264s = { f_h264() } -- using table because one packet may contains more than one RTP
??????????? for i,h264_f in ipairs(h264s) do
??????????????? if h264_f.len < 2 then
??????????????????? return
??????????????? end
??????????????? local h264 = h264_f.value?? -- is ByteArray
??????????????? local hdr_type = bit.band(h264:get_index(0), 0x1F)
??????????????? local stream_info = get_stream_info(pinfo)
?????????????? ?
??????????????? if hdr_type > 0 and hdr_type < 24 then
??????????????????? -- Single NALU
??????????????????? process_single_nalu(stream_info, h264)
??????????????? elseif hdr_type == 24 then
??????????????????? -- STAP-A Single-time aggregation
??????????????????? process_stap_a(stream_info, h264)
??????????????? elseif hdr_type == 28 then
??????????????????? -- FU-A
??????????????????? process_fu_a(stream_info, h264)
??????????????? else
??????????????????? twappend("Error: unknown type=" .. hdr_type .. " ; we only know 1-23(Single NALU),24(STAP-A),28(FU-A)!")
??????????????? end
??????????? end
??????? end
?????? ?
??????? -- close all open files
??????? function close_all_files()
??????????? if stream_infos then
??????????????? for id,stream in pairs(stream_infos) do
??????????????????? if stream and stream.file then
??????????????????????? stream.file:close()
??????????????????????? stream.file = nil
??????????????????? end
??????????????? end
??????????? end
??????? end
?????? ?
??????? function my_h264_tap.reset()
??????????? -- do nothing now
??????? end
?????? ?
??????? function remove()
??????????? close_all_files()
??????????? my_h264_tap:remove()
??????? end
?????? ?
??????? tw:set_atclose(remove)
?????? ?
??????? -- first time it runs for counting h.264 packets and finding SPS and PPS
??????? retap_packets()
??????? first_run = false
??????? -- second time it runs for saving h264 data to target file.
??????? retap_packets()
??????? -- close progress window
??????? pgtw:close()
??? end
?? ?
??? -- Find this feature in menu "Tools->"Export H264 to file [HQX's plugins]""
??? register_menu("Export H264 to file [HQX's plugins]", export_h264_to_file, MENU_TOOLS_UNSORTED)
end

把代碼保存成h264_export.lua文件，放到wireshark安裝目錄下，然后修改wireshark安裝目錄下的init.lua文件：

（1）若有disable_lua = true這樣的行，則注釋掉；

（2）在文件末加入dofile("h264_export.lua")

另外，在過濾欄目輸入RTP，可以過濾所有的rtp報文，可以看到type為96.

點擊：edit-->preference--》protocol-->H264,填上96，保存即可。

在打開包含H.264碼流的抓包后，選菜單“Tools->Export H264 to file [HQX's plugins]”后，把抓包文件里的H.264碼流自動導出到抓包文件所在目錄（工作目錄）里，名為from_<RTP流源ip>_<RTP流源端口>_to_<RTP流目的ip>_<RTP流目的端口>.264的264裸碼流文件里。（文件格式為每個NALU前加0x00000001分隔符）。

另外，264裸碼流文件一般播放器不一定能播放，推薦使用ffmpeg的ffplay播放，或用ffmpeg轉成通用文件格式播放，暴風影音完美支持，只是播放速度快了點

總結

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