目錄

數(shù)據(jù)庫元數(shù)據(jù)查詢

7.5.1 列出模式中所有的表

7.5.2 列出所有的數(shù)據(jù)庫

7.5.3 列出給定表的基本信息

7.5.4 列出給定表的索引信息

7.5.5 列出給定表的主鍵、外鍵約束

7.5.6 列出給定表的外鍵引用

7.5.7 列出給定表的檢查約束

7.5.8 列出給定表的默認(rèn)約束

7.5.9 列出給定表的所有約束

7.5.10 列出數(shù)據(jù)庫里的所有對(duì)象

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? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?數(shù)據(jù)庫元數(shù)據(jù)查詢

注:數(shù)據(jù)集和表結(jié)構(gòu)見?SQL基礎(chǔ)操作_1_檢索數(shù)據(jù)

7.5.1 列出模式中所有的表

需求：查詢給定模式下創(chuàng)建的所有表和創(chuàng)建時(shí)間。

解決方法:通過各個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫里提供的系統(tǒng)視圖查詢。

Sql Server:

USE Shenl; GO SELECT TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.tables WHERE TABLE_TYPE='BASE TABLE'

或:

SELECT NAME as table_name FROM SYSOBJECTS WHERE XTYPE='U' ORDER BY NAME

或:

SELECT name as table_name,create_date as create_time FROM [sys].[all_objects] WHERE type='U' AND is_ms_shipped=0 ORDER BY NAME

執(zhí)行結(jié)果：

Database_Name	Create_time
master	2003-04-08 09:13:36.390
tempdb	2017-04-16 09:36:02.723
model	2003-04-08 09:13:36.390
msdb	2014-02-20 20:49:38.857
ReportServer	2017-03-19 09:58:21.533
ReportServerTempDB	2017-03-19 09:58:22.640
AdventureWorks2014	2017-03-19 15:34:10.683
AdventureWorksDW2014	2017-03-19 15:39:02.770
Shenl	2017-04-11 12:57:23.723

Mysql:

use shenl; SELECT TABLE_NAME,CREATE_TIME,TABLE_COMMENT FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.tables WHERE TABLE_TYPE='BASE TABLE' AND TABLE_SCHEMA='shenl' ORDER BY TABLE_COMMENT DESC

執(zhí)行結(jié)果：

TABLE_NAME	CREATE_TIME	TABLE_COMMENT
emp	2017/4/16 9:14:40	雇員表
dept	2017/4/16 9:14:39	部門表
salgrade	2017/4/16 9:14:41	工資等級(jí)表
bonus	2017/4/16 9:14:41	獎(jiǎng)金表

Oracle:

SELECT TABLE_NAME FROM USER_TABLES; SELECT TABLE_NAME FROM ALL_TABLES WHERE OWNER='SHENL;SELECT OBJECT_NAME ,CREATED FROM ALL_OBJECTS WHERE OBJECT_TYPE='TABLE' AND OWNER='SHENL' ORDER BY CREATED DESC

執(zhí)行結(jié)果：

table_name	create_time
TMP_V	2017/3/31 18:49:06
SALGRADE	2017/3/27 15:25:47
BONUS	2017/3/27 15:25:47
DEPT	2017/3/27 15:25:46
EMP	2017/3/27 15:25:44

7.5.2 列出所有的數(shù)據(jù)庫

需求：查詢給當(dāng)前數(shù)據(jù)庫實(shí)例下所有的數(shù)據(jù)庫名和創(chuàng)建時(shí)間。

解決方法:通過各個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫里提供的與數(shù)據(jù)庫相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)字典進(jìn)行查詢。

SqlServer：

SELECT NAME AS Database_Name,create_date AS Create_time FROM sys.databases

執(zhí)行結(jié)果：

Database_Name	Create_time
master	2003-04-08 09:13:36.390
tempdb	2017-04-16 09:36:02.723
model	2003-04-08 09:13:36.390
msdb	2014-02-20 20:49:38.857
ReportServer	2017-03-19 09:58:21.533
ReportServerTempDB	2017-03-19 09:58:22.640
AdventureWorks2014	2017-03-19 15:34:10.683
AdventureWorksDW2014	2017-03-19 15:39:02.770
Shenl	2017-04-11 12:57:23.723

Oracle：

Oracle里的數(shù)據(jù)庫概念跟Sql Server略有不同，oracle里一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫對(duì)應(yīng)多個(gè)實(shí)例，當(dāng)然在Sql Server里也可以安裝多個(gè)實(shí)例。不過一般不這么做。Oralce里的用戶類似于Sql Server里的數(shù)據(jù)庫，即一個(gè)用戶下可能會(huì)有很多表。所以當(dāng)前命題可以查詢當(dāng)前實(shí)例里的用戶名。

注： 這里關(guān)于oracle的數(shù)據(jù)庫、數(shù)據(jù)庫實(shí)例、表空間、表、用戶沒有做過多的展開。簡(jiǎn)單的說一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫可以對(duì)應(yīng)多個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫實(shí)例，而一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫實(shí)例對(duì)應(yīng)多個(gè)表空間，每個(gè)表空間對(duì)應(yīng)多個(gè)用戶和數(shù)據(jù)庫文件。一個(gè)用戶可以創(chuàng)建多個(gè)表。見下圖示意：

select name from v$database; select USERNAME,Created AS Create_time from dba_users;

執(zhí)行結(jié)果：

USERNAME	Create_time
Sys	2003-04-08 09:13:36.390
Scott	2003-04-16 09:36:02.723
Shenl	2003-04-08 09:13:36.390
…	…

注：

1 oralce數(shù)據(jù)庫、實(shí)例、表空間、用戶、表分析參考來源 http://blog.csdn.net/haiross/article/details/20357675

2 用戶數(shù)據(jù)較多，這里用…省略。

Mysql:

show databases -- 或 SELECT SCHEMA_NAME FROM information_schema.SCHEMATA

執(zhí)行結(jié)果：? ? ? ??

SCHEMA_NAME

information_schema

mysql

performance_schema

shenl

7.5.3 列出給定表的基本信息

需求：查詢出給定的表dept,emp,bonus,salgrade里的表名，字段名、字段類型、字段注釋、表注釋信息。

解決方法:通過各個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫里提供的與數(shù)據(jù)庫相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)字典進(jìn)行查詢。

Oracle:

SELECT B.TABLE_NAME,B.COLUMN_NAME,B.DATA_TYPE,A.COMMENTSAS Table_Comm ,C.COMMENTSASColumn_Comm from user_tab_comments A JOIN user_tab_columns B ON A.TABLE_NAME = B.TABLE_NAME JOIN user_col_comments C ON B.TABLE_NAME = C.TABLE_NAME AND B.COLUMN_NAME = C.COLUMN_NAME WHERE A.TABLE_NAME IN ('DEPT','EMP','BONUS','SALGRADE')

Mysql:

SELECT A.TABLE_NAME,A.COLUMN_NAME,A.DATA_TYPE,B.TABLE_COMMENTAS Table_Comm,A.COLUMN_COMMENT AS Column_Comm FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS A JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES B ON A.TABLE_NAME = B.TABLE_NAME WHERE A.TABLE_SCHEMA='SHENL' AND A.TABLE_NAME IN('DEPT','EMP','BONUS','SALGRADE')

SqlServer:

USE Shenl; GO SELECTA.name AS table_name,B.name AS column_name,C.name AS data_type,D.value AS column_comm FROM sys.tables A INNER JOIN ( SELECT B.object_id,NULL AS name,NULL AS user_type_id,0 as column_id FROMsys.tables A INNER JOIN sys.columns BON B.object_id= A.object_idWHERE A.name IN ('dept','emp','bonus','salgrade') AND column_id = 1 UNION SELECT object_id,name,user_type_id,column_id FROM sys.columns )BON B.object_id= A.object_id LEFT JOIN sys.systypes C ON B.user_type_id= C.xtype INNER JOIN sys.extended_properties DON D.major_id= B.object_id ANDD.minor_id = B.column_id WHERE A.name IN ('dept','emp','bonus','salgrade') ORDER BY A.name-- 或：USE Shenl; GO SELECT table_name,column_name,data_type,column_comm,F.value as table_comm FROM ( SELECT A.object_id AS Object_id,A.name AS table_name,B.name AS column_name,C.name AS data_type,D.value AS column_comm FROM sys.tables A INNER JOIN sys.columns BON B.object_id= A.object_id LEFT JOIN sys.systypes C ON B.user_type_id= C.xtype INNER JOIN sys.extended_properties DON D.major_id= B.object_id ANDD.minor_id = B.column_id WHERE A.name IN ('dept','emp','bonus','salgrade') )E JOIN ( SELECT major_id,value FROM sys.extended_propertiesA JOIN sys.tables B ON A.major_id= B.object_id AND B.name IN ('dept','emp','bonus','salgrade') AND A.minor_id = 0 )F ON E.object_id= F.major_id

執(zhí)行結(jié)果：

table_name	column_name	data_type	column_comm	table_comm
dept	deptno	int	部門編號(hào)	部門表
dept	dname	varchar	部門名稱	部門表
dept	loc	varchar	部門所在位置	部門表
emp	empno	int	雇員編號(hào)	雇員表
emp	ename	varchar	雇員名稱	雇員表
emp	job	varchar	雇員職位	雇員表
emp	mgr	int	雇員對(duì)應(yīng)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的編號(hào)	雇員表
emp	hiredate	date	雇員的雇傭日期	雇員表
emp	sal	decimal	雇員的基本工資	雇員表
emp	comm	decimal	獎(jiǎng)金	雇員表
emp	deptno	int	所在部門	雇員表
salgrade	grade	int	工資等級(jí)	工資等級(jí)表
salgrade	losal	int	此等級(jí)的最低工資	工資等級(jí)表
salgrade	hisal	int	此等級(jí)的最高工資	工資等級(jí)表
bonus	ename	varchar	雇員姓名	獎(jiǎng)金表
bonus	job	varchar	雇員職位	獎(jiǎng)金表
bonus	sal	decimal	雇員工資	獎(jiǎng)金表
bonus	comm	decimal	雇員資金	獎(jiǎng)金表

注：

1 sql server里的第一種實(shí)現(xiàn)方式是將表的注釋作為一行，其它字段如(column_name、data_type)均以NULL值顯示。

2 如果不了解各個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫的注釋方式，如下做個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單示例：

Oracle:

comment on table EMP is '雇員表'; comment on column EMP.EMPNO is '雇員的編號(hào)，由四位數(shù)字所組成';

Sql Server：

sql server里的注釋存儲(chǔ)在系統(tǒng)表sys.extended_properties中，一般我們通過調(diào)用存儲(chǔ)過程sp_addextendedproperty來對(duì)表和字段加注釋。

EXECUTE sp_addextendedproperty N'MS_Description',N'獎(jiǎng)金表',N'user',N'dbo',N'table',N'bonus',NULL,NULL EXECUTE sp_addextendedproperty N'MS_Description',N'雇員姓名',N'user',N'dbo',N'table',N'bonus',N'column',N'ename'

Mysql：

ALTER TABLE `EMP` COMMENT '雇員表'; ALTER TABLE `EMP` MODIFY COLUMN `empno` COMMENT '雇員編號(hào)';

7.5.4 列出給定表的索引信息

需求：查詢出給定的表emp的索引信息。

解決方法:通過各個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫里提供的與索引相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)字典進(jìn)行查詢。

Oracle:

CREATE INDEX Idx_EMP_EMPNO ON EMP(EMPNO);SELECT table_name,index_name,column_name,column_position FROM sys.all_ind_columns WHERE table_name ='EMP'ANDtable_owner='SHENL';

執(zhí)行結(jié)果：

TABLE_NAME	INDEX_NAME	COLUMN_NAME	COLUMN_POSITION
EMP	IDX_EMP_EMPNO	EMPNO	1

Sql Server：

SELECT a.name AS table_name, b.name AS index_name, d.name AS column_name, c.index_column_id FROM sys.tables a,sys.indexes b,sys.index_columns c,sys.columns d WHERE a.object_id= b.object_idAND b.object_id= c.object_idAND b.index_id= c.index_idAND c.object_id= d.object_idAND c.column_id= d.column_idAND a.name='EMP'

執(zhí)行結(jié)果：

table_name	index_name	column_name	index_column_id
emp	PK__emp__AF4C318A634F478A	empno	1

Mysql：

show indexfrom emp;

7.5.5 列出給定表的主鍵、外鍵約束

需求：查詢出給定的表emp的外鍵約束信息。

解決方法:通過各個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫里提供的與外鍵約束相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)字典進(jìn)行查詢。

SqlServer：

SELECT a.table_name, a.CONSTRAINT_NAME, b.COLUMN_NAME, a.CONSTRAINT_TYPE FROM information_schema.table_constraints a, information_schema.key_column_usage b WHERE a.table_name='EMP' -- AND a.table_schema='SHENL' AND a.table_name= b.table_name AND a.table_schema= b.table_schema AND a.constraint_name= b.constraint_name

執(zhí)行結(jié)果：

table_name	CONSTRAINT_NAME	COLUMN_NAME	CONSTRAINT_TYPE
emp	FK__emp__deptno__38996AB5	deptno	FOREIGN KEY
emp	PK__emp__AF4C318A634F478A	empno	PRIMARY KEY

如果只是查主鍵信息可以：

SELECTtab.name AS table_name,idx.name AS pk_name,col.name AS column_name FROMsys.indexes idxJOIN sys.index_columns idxColON idx.object_id= idxCol.object_idAND idx.index_id=idxCol.index_idAND idx.is_primary_key= 1JOIN sys.tables tabON idx.object_id= tab.object_idJOIN sys.columns colON idx.object_id= col.object_idAND idxCol.column_id=col.column_idAND tab.name='EMP'? ??

執(zhí)行結(jié)果：

table_name	pk_name	column_name
emp	PK__emp__AF4C318A634F478A	empno

注：

1 如果想查唯一約束可以將上述高亮處修改為：

ANDidx.is_unique_constraint = 1。

2 默認(rèn)情況下會(huì)在基于主鍵建立個(gè)索引。

3 這里說的主外鍵約束對(duì)應(yīng)constraint，一般包括PK、FK、UK即主鍵、外鍵、唯一鍵。而約束一般指的是default、check即默認(rèn)值約束、檢查約束。

Mysql:

SELECT CONSTRAINT_NAME,TABLE_NAME,COLUMN_NAME,REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME,REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAMEFROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGEWHERE TABLE_SCHEMA='SHENL' AND TABLE_NAME IN('emp')

Oracle:

SELECT A.CONSTRAINT_NAME,A.TABLE_NAME,A.COLUMN_NAME,B.CONSTRAINT_TYPE FROM USER_CONS_COLUMNS A,USER_CONSTRAINTS B WHERE A.CONSTRAINT_NAME =B.CONSTRAINT_NAMEAND B.CONSTRAINT_TYPEIN('P','R')AND A.TABLE_NAME ='EMP'

7.5.6 列出給定表的外鍵引用

需求：查詢出給定的表emp的外鍵約束信息。

解決方法:通過各個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫里提供的與外鍵約束相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)字典進(jìn)行查詢。

SqlServer：

SELECTRefObj.name AS RefTab_Name,fk.name AS Fk_Name,RefCol.name AS RefTab_Column_Name,RefedObj.name AS RefedTab_Name,RefedCol.name AS RefedTab_Column_Name FROM sys.foreign_keys fk JOIN sys.all_objects RefObj ON fk.parent_object_id= RefObj.object_id JOIN sys.all_objects RefedObjON fk.referenced_object_id=RefedObj.object_id JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns fkColsON fk.object_id= fkCols.constraint_object_id JOIN sys.columns RefColON RefObj.object_id= RefCol.object_id AND fkCols.parent_column_id=RefCol.column_id JOIN sys.columns RefedColON RefedObj.object_id= RefedCol.object_id AND fkCols.referenced_column_id=RefedCol.column_id;

執(zhí)行結(jié)果：

RefTab_Name	Fk_Name	RefTab_Column_Name	RefedTab_Name	RefedTab_Column_Name
emp	FK__emp__deptno__38996AB5	deptno	dept	deptno

Mysql:

SELECT CONSTRAINT_NAME,TABLE_NAME,COLUMN_NAME,REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME,REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAMEFROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGEWHERE TABLE_SCHEMA='SHENL' AND TABLE_NAME IN('emp') AND REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME IS NOT NULL

Oracle:

SELECT A.CONSTRAINT_NAME,A.TABLE_NAME,A.COLUMN_NAME,B.CONSTRAINT_TYPE FROM USER_CONS_COLUMNS A,USER_CONSTRAINTS B WHERE A.CONSTRAINT_NAME =B.CONSTRAINT_NAMEAND B.CONSTRAINT_TYPEIN('R')AND A.TABLE_NAME ='EMP'

7.5.7 列出給定表的檢查約束

需求：查詢出給定的表emp的檢查約束(check)信息。

解決方法:通過各個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫里提供的與檢查約束(check)相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)字典進(jìn)行查詢。

SqlServer：

-- 新增check約束以檢查emp表的enmae字段長(zhǎng)度不超過16 ALTER TABLE EMP DROP CONSTRAINT CK_Emp_Ename; ALTER TABLE EMP ADD CONSTRAINT CK_Emp_Ename CHECK(LEN(ename)<16); SELECT A.name AS CKConstraint_Name,B.name AS Table_Name,C.name AS CKConstraint_ColumnName,A.definition AS DF_Def,A.create_date AS Create_time,A.modify_date AS Modify_time FROM sys.check_constraints A JOIN sys.tables BON A.parent_object_id= B.object_id JOIN sys.columns CON B.object_id= C.object_idAND A.parent_column_id= C.column_id

執(zhí)行結(jié)果：

CKConstraint_Name	Table_Name	CKConstraint_ColumnName	DF_Def	Create_time	Modify_time
CK_Emp_Ename	emp	ename	(len([ename])<(16))	2017-04-19 10:17:41.640	2017-04-19 10:17:41.640

Mysql:

ALTER TABLE EMP ADD CONSTRAINT CK_Emp_Ename CHECK (LEN(ename)<16);

注；Mysql數(shù)據(jù)字典里沒有存check約束，所以暫時(shí)無法查閱。

Oracle:

ALTER TABLE EMP ADD CONSTRAINT CK_Emp_Ename CHECK (LENGTH(ename)<15);SELECT A.CONSTRAINT_NAME,A.TABLE_NAME,A.COLUMN_NAME,B.CONSTRAINT_TYPE FROM USER_CONS_COLUMNS A,USER_CONSTRAINTS B WHERE A.CONSTRAINT_NAME =B.CONSTRAINT_NAMEAND B.CONSTRAINT_TYPEIN('C')AND A.TABLE_NAME ='EMP'

7.5.8 列出給定表的默認(rèn)約束

需求：查詢出給定的表emp的默認(rèn)約束(default)信息。

解決方法:通過各個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫里提供的與默認(rèn)約束(default)相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)字典進(jìn)行查詢。

SqlServer：

-- 新增default約束以設(shè)置emp表的comm默認(rèn)值是0 alter table EMP drop constraint DF_EMP_Comm; alter table EMP add constraint DF_EMP_Comm DEFAULT((0)) for comm; alter table EMP with check add constraint DF_EMP_Comm DEFAULT((0)) for comm; alter table EMP with nocheck add constraint DF_EMP_Comm DEFAULT((0)) for comm;SELECT A.name AS DFConstraint_Name,B.name AS Table_Name,C.name AS DFConstraint_ColumnName,A.definition AS DF_Def,A.create_date AS Create_time,A.modify_date AS Modify_time FROM sys.default_constraints A JOIN sys.tables BON A.parent_object_id= B.object_id JOIN sys.columns CON B.object_id= C.object_id AND A.parent_column_id= C.column_id;

執(zhí)行結(jié)果：

DFConstraint_Name	Table_Name	DFConstraint_ColumnName	DF_Def	Create_time	Modify_time
DF_EMP_Comm	emp	comm	((0))	2017-04-19 09:24:14.050	2017-04-19 09:24:14.050

Mysql:

SELECT TABLE_NAME,COLUMN_NAME,COLUMN_DEFAULT FROM information_schema.columns WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'EMP' AND column_default IS NOT NULL

Oracle:

alter table EMP modify comm default 0; SELECT t.COLUMN_NAME,t.nullable,t.data_default FROM USER_TAB_COLS t WHERE TABLE_NAME ='EMP'AND data_default IS NOT NULL

7.5.9 列出給定表的所有約束

需求：查詢出給定的表emp的相關(guān)的約束信息。

解決方法:通過各個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫里提供的與約束相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)字典進(jìn)行查詢。

SqlServer:

SELECT B.name AS Constraint_Name,B.type,CASE B.type WHEN 'PK' THEN '主鍵'WHEN 'F'THEN '外鍵'WHEN 'D'THEN '默認(rèn)值約束'WHEN 'C'THEN '檢查約束' END AS ConstaintType_Desc,CASE B.type WHEN 'PK' THEN G.COLUMN_NAMEWHEN 'F' THEN G.COLUMN_NAMEWHEN 'D' THEN E.nameWHEN 'C' THEN F.name END AS Column_name,CASE B.type WHEN 'PK' THEN NULLWHEN 'F' THEN NULLWHEN 'D' THEN C.definitionWHEN 'C' THEN D.definition END AS Define,B.create_date AS Create_Time,B.modify_date AS Modify_TimeFROM sys.all_objects AJOIN sys.all_objects BON A.object_id= B.parent_object_idJOIN sys.default_constraints CON B.parent_object_id= B.parent_object_idJOIN sys.check_constraints DON B.parent_object_id= D.parent_object_idJOIN sys.all_columns EON E.object_id= C.parent_object_idAND C.parent_column_id= E.column_idJOIN sys.all_columns FON F.object_id= D.parent_object_idAND D.parent_column_id= F.column_id LEFT JOIN information_schema.key_column_usage GON B.name= G.CONSTRAINT_NAME WHERE A.NAME='EMP'

執(zhí)行結(jié)果:

Constraint_Name	type	ConstaintType_Desc	Column_name	Define	Create_Time	Modify_Time
PK__emp__AF4C318A634F478A	PK	主鍵	empno	NULL	2017-03-27 16:27:00.583	2017-03-27 16:27:00.583
FK__emp__deptno__38996AB5	F	外鍵	deptno	NULL	2017-03-27 16:27:00.583	2017-03-27 16:27:00.583
DF_EMP_Comm	D	默認(rèn)值約束	comm	((0))	2017-04-19 09:24:14.050	2017-04-19 09:24:14.050
CK_Emp_Ename	C	檢查約束	ename	(len([ename])<(16))	2017-04-19 10:17:41.640	2017-04-19 10:17:41.640

注：

sys.all_objects里的type的枚舉類型有如下：

執(zhí)行結(jié)果:

type	數(shù)據(jù)庫對(duì)象類型
AF	聚合函數(shù)(CLR)
C	CHECK約束
D	DEFAULT（約束或獨(dú)立）
F	FOREIGNKEY約束
PK	PRIMARYKEY約束
P	SQL存儲(chǔ)過程
PC	程序集(CLR)存儲(chǔ)過程
FN	SQL標(biāo)量函數(shù)
FS	程序集(CLR)標(biāo)量函數(shù)
FT	程序集(CLR)表值函數(shù)
R	規(guī)則（舊式,獨(dú)立）
RF	復(fù)制篩選過程
SN	同義詞
SQ	服務(wù)隊(duì)列
TA	程序集(CLR)DML觸發(fā)器
TR	SQLDML觸發(fā)器
IF	SQL內(nèi)聯(lián)表值函數(shù)
TF	SQL表值函數(shù)
U	表（用戶定義類型）
UQ	UNIQUE約束
V	視圖
X	擴(kuò)展存儲(chǔ)過程
IT	內(nèi)部表

注:數(shù)據(jù)庫對(duì)象類型這列為自己添加的備注。

Mysql:注意mysql內(nèi)并無同一視圖可以滿足上述需求。

Oracle:

SELECT A.CONSTRAINT_NAME,A.TABLE_NAME,A.COLUMN_NAME,B.CONSTRAINT_TYPE FROM USER_CONS_COLUMNS A,USER_CONSTRAINTS B WHERE A.CONSTRAINT_NAME =B.CONSTRAINT_NAMEAND A.TABLE_NAME ='EMP'

7.5.10 列出數(shù)據(jù)庫里的所有對(duì)象

需求：查詢出給定的數(shù)據(jù)庫里的所有對(duì)象的信息。

解決方法:通過各個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫里提供的數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)象相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)字典進(jìn)行查詢。

SqlServer:

SELECT name,object_id,parent_object_id,type,type_desc,create_date,modify_date FROM sys.all_objects WHERE is_ms_shipped = 0

執(zhí)行結(jié)果：

name	object_id	parent_object_id	type	type_desc	create_date	modify_date
tb_marketrecommlog	245575913	0	U	USER_TABLE	2017-03-25 15:05:20.850	2017-03-25 15:05:20.850
dept	885578193	0	U	USER_TABLE	2017-03-27 16:27:00.580	2017-03-27 16:27:00.583
PK__dept__BE2C337D15A7E7E3	901578250	885578193	PK	PRIMARY_KEY_CONSTRAINT	2017-03-27 16:27:00.580	2017-03-27 16:27:00.580
emp	917578307	0	U	USER_TABLE	2017-03-27 16:27:00.580	2017-04-19 10:17:41.640
PK__emp__AF4C318A634F478A	933578364	917578307	PK	PRIMARY_KEY_CONSTRAINT	2017-03-27 16:27:00.583	2017-03-27 16:27:00.583
FK__emp__deptno__38996AB5	949578421	917578307	F	FOREIGN_KEY_CONSTRAINT	2017-03-27 16:27:00.583	2017-03-27 16:27:00.583
salgrade	965578478	0	U	USER_TABLE	2017-03-27 16:27:00.590	2017-03-27 16:27:00.590
bonus	981578535	0	U	USER_TABLE	2017-03-27 16:27:00.593	2017-03-27 16:27:00.593
tmp_v	1557580587	0	V	VIEW	2017-04-12 10:44:00.703	2017-04-12 10:44:00.703
translate	1573580644	0	FN	SQL_SCALAR_FUNCTION	2017-04-12 10:51:52.840	2017-04-12 10:51:52.840
DF_EMP_Comm	1877581727	917578307	D	DEFAULT_CONSTRAINT	2017-04-19 09:24:14.050	2017-04-19 09:24:14.050
CK_Emp_Ename	1893581784	917578307	C	CHECK_CONSTRAINT	2017-04-19 10:17:41.640	2017-04-19 10:17:41.640
f_splitSTR	1909581841	0	TF	SQL_TABLE_VALUED_FUNCTION	2017-04-19 11:25:32.807	2017-04-19 11:25:32.807

Mysql:暫無相關(guān)視圖可以滿足此需求。

Oracle:

SELECT OBJECT_NAME,OBJECT_TYPE FROM DBA_OBJECTS WHERE OWNER=UPPER('SHENL') ?

總結(jié)

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