圖文詳解：

對稱加密 ：加密與解密的算法一樣
非對稱加密：加密與解密的算法不同

加密算法： 明文 -> encode 加密 -> 密文 -> decode 解密 -> 明文
摘要算法： 加密后得到固定長度的摘要，無法解密恢復

http明文傳輸，中間途徑傳輸節點都知道傳輸的什么
https加密傳輸 明文 -> encode 加密 -> 密文 -> decode 解密 -> 明文

80端口 傳輸數據
443端口 瀏覽器和服務器處理協商怎么傳輸（加密解密）數據

請求443端口 四次握手1、瀏覽器提交支持加密算法的列表 （hi，在嗎） 2、服務器收到請求，下發一個加密算法 （hello，我在）《發送加密算法可能被攔截 篡改》

思考：如何保證加密算法不被攔截篡改？

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.edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3}#mermaid-svg-z5YQef2ON6kyB5X6 .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2}#mermaid-svg-z5YQef2ON6kyB5X6 .marker{fill:#333}#mermaid-svg-z5YQef2ON6kyB5X6 .marker.cross{stroke:#333}:root { --mermaid-font-family: "trebuchet ms", verdana, arial;}#mermaid-svg-z5YQef2ON6kyB5X6 {color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.75);font: ;}網址 http請求80端口網址https請求443端口回80端口拿數據瀏覽器 公鑰中間網絡傳輸節點中間網絡傳輸節點中間網絡傳輸節點服務器 私鑰

注意：公鑰加密的數據只能私鑰解，反之亦然

服務器端
私鑰 -> 對數據進行加密 -> 密文 -> （瀏覽器）用公鑰(公鑰如何傳輸才能不被攔截) -> 可以還原成 -> 原文

瀏覽器端
公鑰（不能被篡改，但是可以看，但中間者可以偽造一堆公私鑰進行加密解密在傳輸）-> 對數據進行加密 -> 密文 -> （服務器）用私鑰 -> 可以還原成 -> 原文

公鑰如何傳輸才能不被攔截： 公鑰不傳輸就不會被攔截，用當前服務器私鑰生成一個公鑰，把公鑰拷貝到瀏覽器端。

加密算法： 算法名稱 + 鹽（秘鑰）

CA（認證服務）不是防止數據被偷窺，而是保證用戶訪問網站的真實性，可以訪問到用戶真正想要訪問的地址，防調用網站
如何防調用網站：ca.私鑰（服務器公鑰+域名+公鑰的摘要）= 證書
瀏覽器再去校驗證書（明文寫誰下發的證書，在CA列表里查找對應的下發者，用對應的ca.公鑰進行解析，能解析出來相應的數據則為真的）

HTTPS如何進行安全傳輸： 瀏覽器對稱加密 -> 服務器非對稱加密 -> CA的非對稱加密

3、瀏覽器向80端口發送請求 4、得到 加密算法.decode 解密密文

總結

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