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Android基站定位

發布時間：2025/1/21 Android 19 豆豆

生活随笔收集整理的這篇文章主要介紹了 Android基站定位小編覺得挺不錯的,現在分享給大家,幫大家做個參考.

Android基站定位

一、通過手機信號獲取基站信息

通過TelephonyManager 獲取lac:mcc:mnc:cell-id（基站信息）的解釋：

MCC，Mobile Country Code，移動國家代碼（中國的為460）；

MNC，Mobile Network Code，移動網絡號碼（中國移動為0，中國聯通為1，中國電信為2）；

LAC，Location Area Code，位置區域碼；

CID，Cell Identity，基站編號；

BSSS，Base station signal strength，基站信號強度。

具體實現代碼如下：

package com.easipass.test; import java.util.List; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Context; import android.os.Bundle; import android.telephony.NeighboringCellInfo; import android.telephony.TelephonyManager; import android.telephony.cdma.CdmaCellLocation; import android.telephony.gsm.GsmCellLocation; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; /*** 功能描述：通過手機信號獲取基站信息* # 通過TelephonyManager 獲取lac:mcc:mnc:cell-id* # MCC，Mobile Country Code，移動國家代碼（中國的為460）；* # MNC，Mobile Network Code，移動網絡號碼（中國移動為0，中國聯通為1，中國電信為2）； * # LAC，Location Area Code，位置區域碼；* # CID，Cell Identity，基站編號；* # BSSS，Base station signal strength，基站信號強度。* @author android_ls*/ public class GSMCellLocationActivity extends Activity {private static final String TAG = "GSMCellLocationActivity";@Overridepublic void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.main);// 獲取基站信息findViewById(R.id.button1).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {TelephonyManager mTelephonyManager = (TelephonyManager) getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);// 返回值MCC + MNCString operator = mTelephonyManager.getNetworkOperator();int mcc = Integer.parseInt(operator.substring(0, 3));int mnc = Integer.parseInt(operator.substring(3));// 中國移動和中國聯通獲取LAC、CID的方式GsmCellLocation location = (GsmCellLocation) mTelephonyManager.getCellLocation();int lac = location.getLac();int cellId = location.getCid();Log.i(TAG, " MCC = " + mcc + "\t MNC = " + mnc + "\t LAC = " + lac + "\t CID = " + cellId);// 中國電信獲取LAC、CID的方式/*CdmaCellLocation location1 = (CdmaCellLocation) mTelephonyManager.getCellLocation();lac = location1.getNetworkId();cellId = location1.getBaseStationId();cellId /= 16;*/// 獲取鄰區基站信息List<NeighboringCellInfo> infos = mTelephonyManager.getNeighboringCellInfo();StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer("總數 : " + infos.size() + "\n");for (NeighboringCellInfo info1 : infos) { // 根據鄰區總數進行循環sb.append(" LAC : " + info1.getLac()); // 取出當前鄰區的LACsb.append(" CID : " + info1.getCid()); // 取出當前鄰區的CIDsb.append(" BSSS : " + (-113 + 2 * info1.getRssi()) + "\n"); // 獲取鄰區基站信號強度}Log.i(TAG, " 獲取鄰區基站信息:" + sb.toString());}});} }

在AndroidManifest.xml添加獲取位置信息的權限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />

點擊“獲取基站信息”的按鈕后，Logcat的日志輸出如下：

1、中國聯通：

2、中國移動：

一、通過手機信號獲取基站信息-單基站定位

TelephonyManager mTelephonyManager = (TelephonyManager) getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);// 返回值MCC + MNCString operator = mTelephonyManager.getNetworkOperator();mcc = Integer.parseInt(operator.substring(0, 3));mnc = Integer.parseInt(operator.substring(3));// 中國移動和中國聯通獲取LAC、CID的方式GsmCellLocation location = (GsmCellLocation) mTelephonyManager.getCellLocation();lac = location.getLac();cid = location.getCid();Log.i(TAG, "MCC = " + mcc + "\t MNC = " + mnc + "\t LAC = " + lac + "\t CID = " + cid);

二、調用第三方公開的API（根據基站信息查找基站的經緯度值及地址信息）

1、組拼JSON形式的請求參數

/*** 獲取JSON形式的基站信息* @param mcc 移動國家代碼（中國的為460）* @param mnc 移動網絡號碼（中國移動為0，中國聯通為1，中國電信為2）； * @param lac 位置區域碼* @param cid 基站編號* @return json* @throws JSONException*/private String getJsonCellPos(int mcc, int mnc, int lac, int cid) throws JSONException {JSONObject jsonCellPos = new JSONObject();jsonCellPos.put("version", "1.1.0");jsonCellPos.put("host", "maps.google.com");JSONArray array = new JSONArray();JSONObject json1 = new JSONObject();json1.put("location_area_code", "" + lac + "");json1.put("mobile_country_code", "" + mcc + "");json1.put("mobile_network_code", "" + mnc + "");json1.put("age", 0);json1.put("cell_id", "" + cid + "");array.put(json1);jsonCellPos.put("cell_towers", array);return jsonCellPos.toString();}

2、通過HTTP協議網絡請求源碼：

request URL:http://www.minigps.net/minigps/map/google/location Request Method:POST Status Code:200 OK Request Headersview source Accept:application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01 Accept-Charset:GBK,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 Accept-Encoding:gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language:zh-CN,zh;q=0.8 Connection:keep-alive Content-Length:191 Content-Type:application/json; charset=UTF-8 Cookie:bdshare_firstime=1356366713546; JSESSIONID=68243935CD3355089CF07A3A22AAB372 Host:www.minigps.net Origin:http://www.minigps.net Referer:http://www.minigps.net/map.html User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1229.94 Safari/537.4 X-Requested-With:XMLHttpRequest Request Payload {"cell_towers":[{"mobile_network_code":"1","location_area_code":"43018","cell_id":"11152773","age":0, "mobile_country_code":"460"}],"host":"maps.google.com","version":"1.1.0"} Response Headersview source Content-Type:application/json Date:Sat, 03 Jan 2013 14:03:15 GMT Server:Apache-Coyote/1.1 Transfer-Encoding:chunked

3、用JAVA代碼具體實現

/*** 調用第三方公開的API根據基站信息查找基站的經緯度值及地址信息*/public String httpPost(String url, String jsonCellPos) throws IOException{byte[] data = jsonCellPos.toString().getBytes();URL realUrl = new URL(url);HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) realUrl.openConnection();httpURLConnection.setConnectTimeout(6 * 1000);httpURLConnection.setDoOutput(true);httpURLConnection.setDoInput(true);httpURLConnection.setUseCaches(false);httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01");httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "GBK,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3");httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Accept-Encoding", "gzip,deflate,sdch");httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Accept-Language", "zh-CN,zh;q=0.8");httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length));httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=UTF-8");httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Host", "www.minigps.net");httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Referer", "http://www.minigps.net/map.html");httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1229.94 Safari/537.4X-Requested-With:XMLHttpRequest");httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("X-Requested-With", "XMLHttpRequest");httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Host", "www.minigps.net");DataOutputStream outStream = new DataOutputStream(httpURLConnection.getOutputStream());outStream.write(data);outStream.flush();outStream.close();if (httpURLConnection.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {InputStream inputStream = httpURLConnection.getInputStream();return new String(read(inputStream));}return null;}

4、讀取返回的JSON數據流代碼：

/*** 讀取IO流并以byte[]形式存儲* @param inputSream InputStream* @return byte[]* @throws IOException*/public byte[] read(InputStream inputSream) throws IOException {ByteArrayOutputStream outStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();int len = -1;byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];while ((len = inputSream.read(buffer)) != -1) {outStream.write(buffer, 0, len);}outStream.close();inputSream.close();return outStream.toByteArray();}

三、請求參數及返回結果的JSON形式：

1、請求的JSON參數值：

{"cell_towers":[{"mobile_network_code":"1","location_area_code":"43018","cell_id":"11152773","age":0,"mobile_country_code":"460"}],"host":"maps.google.com","version":"1.1.0"}

2、返回的JSON結果值：

{"location":{"latitude":"31.211389541625977","longitude":"121.60332489013672","address":{"city":"上海市浦東新區居里路432號;浦東新區光啟安老院、第一三共制藥上海公司、SUNPLUS[附近]","country":"","country_code":"","county":"","postal_code":"","region":"","street":"","street_number":""}},"access_token":"dummytoken"}

四、完整代碼及所需權限：

Java代碼：

在AndroidManifest.xml添加獲取位置信息的權限：

package com.easipass.test; import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.io.DataOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.net.HttpURLConnection; import java.net.URL; import org.json.JSONArray; import org.json.JSONException; import org.json.JSONObject; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Context; import android.os.Bundle; import android.telephony.TelephonyManager; import android.telephony.gsm.GsmCellLocation; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; /*** 功能描述：單基站定位* @author android_ls*/ public class GSMCellLocationActivity extends Activity {private static final String TAG = "GSMCellLocationActivity";private int mcc;private int mnc;private int lac;private int cid;@Overridepublic void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.main);// 獲取基站信息findViewById(R.id.button1).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {TelephonyManager mTelephonyManager = (TelephonyManager) getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);// 返回值MCC + MNCString operator = mTelephonyManager.getNetworkOperator();mcc = Integer.parseInt(operator.substring(0, 3));mnc = Integer.parseInt(operator.substring(3));// 中國移動和中國聯通獲取LAC、CID的方式GsmCellLocation location = (GsmCellLocation) mTelephonyManager.getCellLocation();lac = location.getLac();cid = location.getCid();Log.i(TAG, "MCC = " + mcc + "\t MNC = " + mnc + "\t LAC = " + lac + "\t CID = " + cid);new Thread() {@Overridepublic void run() {try {String json = getJsonCellPos(mcc, mnc, lac, cid);Log.i(TAG, "request = " + json);String url = "http://www.minigps.net/minigps/map/google/location";String result = httpPost(url, json);Log.i(TAG, "result = " + result);} catch (Exception e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}}}.start();}});}/*** 調用第三方公開的API根據基站信息查找基站的經緯度值及地址信息*/public String httpPost(String url, String jsonCellPos) throws IOException{byte[] data = jsonCellPos.toString().getBytes();URL realUrl = new URL(url);HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) realUrl.openConnection();httpURLConnection.setConnectTimeout(6 * 1000);httpURLConnection.setDoOutput(true);httpURLConnection.setDoInput(true);httpURLConnection.setUseCaches(false);httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01");httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "GBK,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3");httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Accept-Encoding", "gzip,deflate,sdch");httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Accept-Language", "zh-CN,zh;q=0.8");httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length));httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=UTF-8");httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Host", "www.minigps.net");httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Referer", "http://www.minigps.net/map.html");httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome /22.0.1229.94 Safari/537.4X-Requested-With:XMLHttpRequest");httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("X-Requested-With", "XMLHttpRequest");httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Host", "www.minigps.net");DataOutputStream outStream = new DataOutputStream(httpURLConnection.getOutputStream());outStream.write(data);outStream.flush();outStream.close();if (httpURLConnection.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {InputStream inputStream = httpURLConnection.getInputStream();return new String(read(inputStream));}return null;}/*** 獲取JSON形式的基站信息* @param mcc 移動國家代碼（中國的為460）* @param mnc 移動網絡號碼（中國移動為0，中國聯通為1，中國電信為2）； * @param lac 位置區域碼* @param cid 基站編號* @return json* @throws JSONException*/private String getJsonCellPos(int mcc, int mnc, int lac, int cid) throws JSONException {JSONObject jsonCellPos = new JSONObject();jsonCellPos.put("version", "1.1.0");jsonCellPos.put("host", "maps.google.com");JSONArray array = new JSONArray();JSONObject json1 = new JSONObject();json1.put("location_area_code", "" + lac + "");json1.put("mobile_country_code", "" + mcc + "");json1.put("mobile_network_code", "" + mnc + "");json1.put("age", 0);json1.put("cell_id", "" + cid + "");array.put(json1);jsonCellPos.put("cell_towers", array);return jsonCellPos.toString();}/*** 讀取IO流并以byte[]形式存儲* @param inputSream InputStream* @return byte[]* @throws IOException*/public byte[] read(InputStream inputSream) throws IOException {ByteArrayOutputStream outStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();int len = -1;byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];while ((len = inputSream.read(buffer)) != -1) {outStream.write(buffer, 0, len);}outStream.close();inputSream.close();return outStream.toByteArray();} }

基站：類似于WIFI熱點，官方解釋，移動通信系統中，連接固定部分與無線部分，并通過空中的無線傳輸與移動臺相連的設備。基站即公用移動通信基站是無線電臺站的一種形式，是指在一定的無線電覆蓋區中，通過移動通信交換中心，與移動電話終端之間進行信息傳遞的無線電收發信電臺。

單基站定位是指：通過手機獲取當前連接到的基站信息，來確定用戶的大概位置（用戶可能在某個基站（手機當前連接的基站）發出的無線電覆蓋區域中）。

三基站或多基站：通過手機獲取附近區域的基站信息（不是用戶當前連接的基站，得到的是一組基站信息），來確定用戶的大概位置。
獲取鄰區基站信息：

// 獲取鄰區基站信息List<NeighboringCellInfo> infos = mTelephonyManager.getNeighboringCellInfo();StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer("總數 : " + infos.size() + "\n");for (NeighboringCellInfo info1 : infos) { // 根據鄰區總數進行循環sb.append(" LAC : " + info1.getLac()); // 取出當前鄰區的LACsb.append(" CID : " + info1.getCid()); // 取出當前鄰區的CIDsb.append(" BSSS : " + (-113 + 2 * info1.getRssi()) + "\n"); // 獲取鄰區基站信號強度}

注：中國聯通的基本上獲取不到附近的基站，我測的時候使用的是中國移動。

一、探索：

1、我猜想請求參數的Json是這樣組裝的：

JSONObject json = new JSONObject();json.put("version", "1.1.0");json.put("host", "maps.google.com");json.put("location_area_code", "6338");json.put("mobile_country_code", "460");json.put("mobile_network_code", "0");json.put("age", 0);JSONArray array = new JSONArray();JSONObject json1 = new JSONObject();json1.put("cell_id", "62291");json1.put("signal_strength", -95);array.put(json1);JSONObject json2 = new JSONObject();json2.put("cell_id", "62290");json2.put("signal_strength", -101);array.put(json2);json.put("cell_towers", array);

2、組拼好的JSON字符串：

{"mobile_network_code":"0","location_area_code":"6338","host":"maps.google.com","cell_towers":[{"signal_strength":-95,"cell_id":"62291"},{"signal_strength":-101,"cell_id":"62290"}],"age":0,"mobile_country_code":"460","version":"1.1.0"}

3、通過HTTP請求返回的JSON形式結果：

{"location":{"latitude":"0.0","longitude":"0.0","address":{"city":"基站信息不存在，請從手機上讀取正確的基站信息。","country":"","country_code":"","county":"","postal_code":"","region":"","street":"","street_number":""}},"access_token":"dummytoken"}

二、可行的方式：

1、通過單個附近的基站信息定位：

組裝參數：

/*** 獲取JSON形式的基站信息* @param mcc 移動國家代碼（中國的為460）* @param mnc 移動網絡號碼（中國移動為0，中國聯通為1，中國電信為2）； * @param lac 位置區域碼* @param cid 基站編號* @param bsss 基站信號強度* @return json* @throws JSONException*/private String getJsonCellPos(int mcc, int mnc, int lac, int cid, int bsss) throws JSONException {JSONObject jsonCellPos = new JSONObject();jsonCellPos.put("version", "1.1.0");jsonCellPos.put("host", "maps.google.com");JSONArray array = new JSONArray();JSONObject json1 = new JSONObject();json1.put("location_area_code", "" + lac + "");json1.put("mobile_country_code", "" + mcc + "");json1.put("mobile_network_code", "" + mnc + "");json1.put("age", 0);json1.put("cell_id", "" + cid + "");json1.put("signal_strength", bsss);array.put(json1);jsonCellPos.put("cell_towers", array);return jsonCellPos.toString();}

請求的JSON字符串：

{"cell_towers":[{"mobile_network_code":"0","location_area_code":"6338","cell_id":"62291","signal_strength":-95,"age":0,"mobile_country_code":"460"}],"host":"maps.google.com","version":"1.1.0"}

返回JSON形式結果：

{             "location":             {            &nbsp ;    "latitude":"31.214667405",                  "longitude":"121.59903152499999",            &nbs p;    "address":                  {            &nbsp ;        "city":" 上海市浦東新區郭守敬路;上海奧威科技開發公司、科威國際技術轉移中心公司、張江高科技園區熱力中心[附近]",                      "country":"",                      "country_code":"",             &nbsp ;       "county":"",             &nbsp ;       "postal_code":"",                      "region":"",                      "street":"",                      "street_number":""                  }            },            "access_token":"dummytoken"         }

2、通過多個附近的基站信息定位：

又一次猜想：

請求JSON：

{"cell_towers":[{"mobile_network_code":"0","location_area_code":"6338","cell_id":"62291","signal_strength":-95,"age":0,"mobile_country_code":"460"},{"mobile_network_code":"0","location_area_code":"6338","cell_id":"62290","signal_strength":-101,"age":1,"mobile_country_code":"460"}],"host":"maps.google.com","version":"1.1.0"}

返回JSON：

{"location":{"latitude":"31.21485922285714","longitude":"121.59990774285711","address":{"city":"上海市浦東新區郭守敬路276號;上海奧威科技開發公司、科威國際技術轉移中心公司、張江高科技園區熱力中心[附近]","country":"","country_code":"","county":"","postal_code":"","region":"","street":"","street_number":""}},"access_token":"dummytoken"}

結論：第三方服務器端可能有限制，每次只接受JSONArray中的第一個元素。如果要想一次性查找附近多個基站的經緯度及所在的地址，就只能編寫for循環，一次一次的訪問第三方的服務器。

3、個人觀點：所謂的三點定位或多點定位，只是讓想知道用戶當前位置的人多了一個選擇而已。三點定位得到的是三個點，并非是一個比較準確的點。

4、補充：基站在線定位查詢連接：?http://www.gpsspg.com/bs.htm

總結

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