在前面Node.js事件運(yùn)行機(jī)制也有提到,Node.js應(yīng)用在單個(gè)線程運(yùn)行,但是現(xiàn)在大部分服務(wù)器都是多處理器,為了方便使用多個(gè)進(jìn)程,Node.js提供了3個(gè)模塊。Process模塊提供了訪問(wèn)正在運(yùn)行的進(jìn)程。child_process模塊可以創(chuàng)建子進(jìn)程，并與他們通信。cluster模塊提供了實(shí)現(xiàn)共享相同端口的集群服務(wù)能力，允許多個(gè)請(qǐng)求同時(shí)處理。

一、Process模塊是一個(gè)無(wú)須使用require()就可以從node.js應(yīng)用程序進(jìn)行訪問(wèn)的全局對(duì)象。

二、進(jìn)程I/O管道

Process為進(jìn)程stdin、stdout、stderr提供了對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)I/O管道的訪問(wèn)。(有點(diǎn)了類似C++的輸入輸出的趕腳)

stdin輸入,stdout、stderr可以實(shí)現(xiàn)輸出

/*** Created by Administrator on 2016/3/29.*/ process.stdin.on('data',function(data){process.stdout.write(data.toString());process.stderr.write(data.toString()); });
"C:\Program Files (x86)\JetBrains\WebStorm 11.0.3\bin\runnerw.exe" F:\nodejs\node.exe Process.js ssss ssss ssss

三、進(jìn)程的信號(hào)

說(shuō)起信號(hào)讓我想起了信號(hào)量，雖然它們不是一回事，剛才也百度了下，算是復(fù)習(xí)重溫一下。

我記得大學(xué)時(shí)候?qū)W操作系統(tǒng)的時(shí)候也有講過(guò)信號(hào)量的問(wèn)題，進(jìn)程間通信訪問(wèn)臨界值時(shí)要使用信號(hào)量什么PV操作,具體的內(nèi)容了解的不是很清楚.網(wǎng)上找到了一個(gè)工作原理http://blog.csdn.net/ljianhui/article/details/10243617。

由于信號(hào)量只能進(jìn)行兩種操作等待和發(fā)送信號(hào)，即P(sv)和V(sv),他們的行為是這樣的： 由于信號(hào)量只能進(jìn)行兩種操作等待和發(fā)送信號(hào)，即P(sv)和V(sv),他們的行為是這樣的： P(sv)：如果sv的值大于零，就給它減1；如果它的值為零，就掛起該進(jìn)程的執(zhí)行 V(sv)：如果有其他進(jìn)程因等待sv而被掛起，就讓它恢復(fù)運(yùn)行，如果沒(méi)有進(jìn)程因等待sv而掛起，就給它加1. 兩個(gè)進(jìn)程共享信號(hào)量sv，一旦其中一個(gè)進(jìn)程執(zhí)行了P(sv)操作，它將得到信號(hào)量，并可以進(jìn)入臨界區(qū)，使sv減1。而第二個(gè)進(jìn)程將被阻止進(jìn)入臨界區(qū)，因?yàn)楫?dāng)它試圖執(zhí)行P(sv)時(shí)，sv為0，它會(huì)被掛起以等待第一個(gè)進(jìn)程離開(kāi)臨界區(qū)域并執(zhí)行V(sv)釋放信號(hào)量，這時(shí)第二個(gè)進(jìn)程就可以恢復(fù)執(zhí)行。 Node.js允許注冊(cè)監(jiān)聽(tīng)器來(lái)處理操作系統(tǒng)發(fā)送給一個(gè)進(jìn)程的信號(hào)。可以被發(fā)送的node.js進(jìn)程的事件有下面幾個(gè): SIGUSR1 :啟動(dòng)調(diào)試器時(shí)發(fā)出。 SIGPIPE:進(jìn)程試圖寫(xiě)入在另一端沒(méi)有進(jìn)程連接的管道時(shí)發(fā)出 SIGHUP:Window上控制臺(tái)關(guān)閉窗口時(shí)發(fā)出。在發(fā)出此事件約10秒會(huì)終止Node.js SIGTERM:在發(fā)出一個(gè)終止進(jìn)程的請(qǐng)求時(shí)發(fā)出.Windwo不支持。 SIGINT:當(dāng)中斷被發(fā)送到這個(gè)進(jìn)程上,如Ctrl+C組合鍵被按下時(shí)發(fā)出 SIGBEAK:Windwo下Ctrl+Break組合鍵被按下時(shí)發(fā)出。 SIGWINCE:在控制臺(tái)已經(jīng)被調(diào)整大小時(shí)發(fā)出。Window下,只有當(dāng)你寫(xiě)入控制臺(tái)，移動(dòng)光標(biāo)或者在原始模式下使用可讀的TTY時(shí)發(fā)出 SIGKILL:進(jìn)程殺掉時(shí)發(fā)出 SIGSTOP:進(jìn)程終止時(shí)發(fā)出。 監(jiān)聽(tīng)的其實(shí)不止上面的信號(hào)在process的on定義中也能看出還有exit、uncaughtException等(可以轉(zhuǎn)到定義)。 四、控制進(jìn)程執(zhí)行 abort():使當(dāng)前的Node.js應(yīng)用程序發(fā)出abort事件，退出,并產(chǎn)生一個(gè)內(nèi)存核心轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)文件 exit([code]):使當(dāng)前Node.js應(yīng)用退出，并返回指定的code kill(pid,[signall]):操作系統(tǒng)會(huì)向指定的pid的進(jìn)程發(fā)送一個(gè)kill信號(hào)，默認(rèn)是SIGTERM nexttick(callback):調(diào)度node.js程序的隊(duì)列中的callback函數(shù) 五、從Process模塊獲取信息

var util = require('util'); //返回進(jìn)程的當(dāng)前工作目錄 console.log('Current directory: ' + process.cwd()); //該進(jìn)程的環(huán)境中指定的鍵/值對(duì) console.log('Environment Settings: ' + JSON.stringify(process.env)); //用于啟動(dòng)Node.js應(yīng)用程序的命令參數(shù) console.log('Node Args: ' + process.argv); //Node。js從中啟動(dòng)的絕對(duì)路徑 console.log('Execution Path: ' + process.execPath); //用于啟動(dòng)應(yīng)用程序的特定節(jié)點(diǎn)的命令行選項(xiàng) console.log('Execution Args: ' + JSON.stringify(process.execArgv)); //Node.js版本號(hào) console.log('Node Version: ' + process.version); //提供一個(gè)對(duì)象,包含Node.js應(yīng)用程序所需的模塊和版本 console.log('Module Versions: ' + JSON.stringify(process.versions)); //用于編譯當(dāng)前節(jié)點(diǎn)可執(zhí)行程序的配置選項(xiàng) console.log('Node Config: ' + JSON.stringify(process.config)); //當(dāng)前進(jìn)程ID console.log('Process ID: ' + process.pid); //當(dāng)前進(jìn)程標(biāo)題 console.log('Process Title: ' + process.title); //操作系統(tǒng) console.log('Process Platform: ' + process.platform); //進(jìn)程正在運(yùn)行的處理器體系結(jié)構(gòu) console.log('Process Architecture: ' + process.arch); //Node.js進(jìn)程的當(dāng)前內(nèi)存使用情況可使用util.inspect()讀取 console.log('Memory Usage: ' + util.inspect(process.memoryUsage())); //返回一個(gè)高精確的時(shí)間 var start = process.hrtime(); setTimeout(function() {var delta = process.hrtime(start);console.log('High-Res timer took %d seconds and %d nanoseconds', delta[0], + delta[1]);console.log('Node has been running %d seconds', process.uptime()); }, 1000);
"C:\Program Files (x86)\JetBrains\WebStorm 11.0.3\bin\runnerw.exe" F:\nodejs\node.exe process_info.js Current directory: c:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\nodejs-mongodb-angularjs-web-development-master\ch09 Environment Settings: {"#envTSLOGTSLOG11328":"100839136","ALLUSERSPROFILE":"C:\\ProgramData","APPDATA":"C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Roaming","asl.log":"Destination=file","CommonProgramFiles":"C:\\Program Files\\Common Files","CommonProgramFiles(x86)":"C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Common Files","CommonProgramW6432":"C:\\Program Files\\Common Files","COMPUTERNAME":"LENOVO-PC","ComSpec":"C:\\WINDOWS\\system32\\cmd.exe","configsetroot":"C:\\WINDOWS\\ConfigSetRoot","FPS_BROWSER_APP_PROFILE_STRING":"Internet Explorer","FPS_BROWSER_USER_PROFILE_STRING":"Default","FP_NO_HOST_CHECK":"NO","HOMEDRIVE":"C:","HOMEPATH":"\\Users\\Administrator","LOCALAPPDATA":"C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Local","LOGONSERVER":"\\\\MicrosoftAccount","NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS":"4","OS":"Windows_NT","Path":"C:\\PROGRAM FILES (X86)\\INTEL\\ICLS CLIENT\\;C:\\PROGRAM FILES\\INTEL\\ICLS CLIENT\\;C:\\WINDOWS\\SYSTEM32;C:\\WINDOWS;C:\\WINDOWS\\SYSTEM32\\WBEM;C:\\WINDOWS\\SYSTEM32\\WINDOWSPOWERSHELL\\V1.0\\;C:\\PROGRAM FILES\\INTEL\\INTEL(R) MANAGEMENT ENGINE COMPONENTS\\DAL;C:\\PROGRAM FILES\\INTEL\\INTEL(R) MANAGEMENT ENGINE COMPONENTS\\IPT;C:\\PROGRAM FILES (X86)\\INTEL\\INTEL(R) MANAGEMENT ENGINE COMPONENTS\\DAL;C:\\PROGRAM FILES (X86)\\INTEL\\INTEL(R) MANAGEMENT ENGINE COMPONENTS\\IPT;C:\\PROGRAM FILES (X86)\\ATI TECHNOLOGIES\\ATI.ACE\\CORE-STATIC;;C:\\WINDOWS\\SYSTEM32;C:\\WINDOWS;C:\\WINDOWS\\SYSTEM32\\WBEM;C:\\WINDOWS\\SYSTEM32\\WINDOWSPOWERSHELL\\V1.0\\;C:\\PROGRAM FILES (X86)\\AMD\\ATI.ACE\\CORE-STATIC;C:\\Program Files\\Lenovo\\Bluetooth Software\\;C:\\Program Files\\Lenovo\\Bluetooth Software\\syswow64;F:\\nodejs\\;C:\\WINDOWS\\system32\\config\\systemprofile\\.dnx\\bin;C:\\Program Files\\Microsoft DNX\\Dnvm\\;C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Lenovo\\Lenovo Home\\DCMainWin.exe;C:\\Users\\Administrator\\AppData\\Roaming\\npm","PATHEXT":".COM;.EXE;.BAT;.CMD;.VBS;.VBE;.JS;.JSE;.WSF;.WSH;.MSC","PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE":"AMD64","PROCESSOR_IDENTIFIER":"Intel64 Family 6 Model 60 Stepping 3, GenuineIntel","PROCESSOR_LEVEL":"6","PROCESSOR_REVISION":"3c03","ProgramData":"C:\\ProgramData","ProgramFiles":"C:\\Program Files","ProgramFiles(x86)":"C:\\Program Files (x86)","ProgramW6432":"C:\\Program Files","PSModulePath":"C:\\WINDOWS\\system32\\WindowsPowerShell\\v1.0\\Modules\\","PUBLIC":"C:\\Users\\Public","SESSIONNAME":"Console","SystemDrive":"C:","SystemRoot":"C:\\WINDOWS","TEMP":"C:\\Users\\ADMINI~1\\AppData\\Local\\Temp","TMP":"C:\\Users\\ADMINI~1\\AppData\\Local\\Temp","USERDOMAIN":"LENOVO-PC","USERDOMAIN_ROAMINGPROFILE":"LENOVO-PC","USERNAME":"Administrator","USERPROFILE":"C:\\Users\\Administrator","VS140COMNTOOLS":"C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\\Common7\\Tools\\","windir":"C:\\WINDOWS"} Node Args: F:\nodejs\node.exe,c:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\nodejs-mongodb-angularjs-web-development-master\ch09\process_info.js Execution Path: F:\nodejs\node.exe Execution Args: [] Node Version: v4.3.2 Module Versions: {"http_parser":"2.5.2","node":"4.3.2","v8":"4.5.103.35","uv":"1.8.0","zlib":"1.2.8","ares":"1.10.1-DEV","icu":"56.1","modules":"46","openssl":"1.0.2g"} Node Config: {"target_defaults":{"cflags":[],"default_configuration":"Release","defines":[],"include_dirs":[],"libraries":[]},"variables":{"asan":0,"host_arch":"x64","icu_data_file":"icudt56l.dat","icu_data_in":"../../deps/icu/source/data/in\\icudt56l.dat","icu_endianness":"l","icu_gyp_path":"tools/icu/icu-generic.gyp","icu_locales":"en,root","icu_path":"deps\\icu","icu_small":true,"icu_ver_major":"56","node_byteorder":"little","node_install_npm":true,"node_prefix":"/usr/local","node_release_urlbase":"","node_shared_http_parser":false,"node_shared_libuv":false,"node_shared_openssl":false,"node_shared_zlib":false,"node_tag":"","node_use_dtrace":false,"node_use_etw":true,"node_use_lttng":false,"node_use_openssl":true,"node_use_perfctr":true,"openssl_fips":"","openssl_no_asm":0,"python":"C:\\Python27\\python.exe","target_arch":"x64","v8_enable_gdbjit":0,"v8_enable_i18n_support":1,"v8_no_strict_aliasing":1,"v8_optimized_debug":0,"v8_random_seed":0,"v8_use_snapshot":true,"want_separate_host_toolset":0}} Process ID: 8124 Process Title: C:\Program Files (x86)\JetBrains\WebStorm 11.0.3\bin\runnerw.exe Process Platform: win32 Process Architecture: x64 Memory Usage: { rss: 17641472, heapTotal: 7409232, heapUsed: 3756584 } High-Res timer took 1 seconds and 107153 nanoseconds Node has been running 1.128 secondsProcess finished with exit code 0

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