Django--form验证及错误处理
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Django--form验证及错误处理
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需求
from表單驗證和ajax驗證時返回的錯誤信息處理
速查
1、form表單提交時錯誤信息顯示
views
| 12 | error = form表單實例化對象.errorsreturn render(request,'前端html',{'obj':form表單實例化對象,'error':error})??? #傳到前端用simple_tag解析 |
html
| 12 | {% load xx %}??? <!--導入自定義sample_tag語言文件--><span>{% error_msg error.username %}</span>??? <!--error.username當做參數傳給error_msg函數，并獲取返回值--> |
simple_tag
| 12345 | @register.simple_tagdef error_msg(error_list):????if error_list:????????return error_list[0]????return '' |
2、ajax提交時錯誤信息返回
views
| 12 | error = obj.errors.as_json()return HttpResponse(error) |
html
| 123456 | $.ajax({????????????success: function(arg){??????????????? //arg是返回值，必須是字符串????????????????var callback_dict = $.parseJSON(arg);????????????????$('#uname_error').text(callback_dict.username[0].message);????????????}????????}) |
知識點
obj=表單生成文件.表單創建的類（request.POST）
request.POST：所有提交信息
obj.is_valid()：判斷提交數據是否正確
obj.clean()：獲取提交的所有數據
obj.errors()：獲取提交的所有錯誤信息，有三種表示方式（as_ul、as_json、as_data）：
form表單提交用默認的，type<class django.forms.utils.ErrorDict>
ajax返回信息用as_json()，type<'str'>
錯誤信息里包含的字段和form里的字段一樣，錯誤是個列表，取值obj.errors['username'][0]
html中jinja2語法取字典是不能用errors['key']的方式，得用errors.key;如果獲取obj.errors['username'][0]，就得用sample_tag
詳細
1、form表單提交時錯誤信息顯示
app01/views/account.py
| 1234567891011 | from app01.forms import account as AccountFormdef login(request):????obj = AccountForm.LoginForm(request.POST)????if request.method=='POST':????????if obj.is_valid():????????????all_data = obj.clean()????????else:????????????error = obj.errors????????????return render(request,'account/login.html',{'obj':obj,'error':error})????return render(request,'account/login.html',{'obj':obj}) |
為什么使用sample_tag去取值，而不取好了再傳到html，因為如果字段很多的話，要分別定義每個的錯誤；
templates/login.html
| 12345678910111213141516 | {% load xx %}??? <!--導入自定義sample_tag語言文件--><html lang="en"><head></head><body>????<form action="/login/" method="post">????????<p>????????????{{ obj.username }}????????????<span>{% error_msg error.username %}</span>??? <!--error.username當做參數傳給error_msg函數，并獲取返回值-->????????</p>????????<p>????????????{{ obj.password }}<span>{% error_msg error.password %}</span>????????</p>????????<input type="submit" value="submit" />????</form></body></html> |
app01/templatetags/xx.py
| 12345678910 | from django import templatefrom django.utils.safestring import mark_safefrom django.template.base import resolve_variable, Node, TemplateSyntaxErrorregister = template.Library()@register.simple_tagdef error_msg(error_list):????if error_list:????????return error_list[0] |
browser
2、ajax提交時錯誤信息返回
ajax必須返回的是字符串，所以用as_json()格式。
先看as_json獲取的信息格式
| 12345678 | {????"username": [????????{"message": "This field is required.", "code": "required"}????],????"password": [????????{"message": "This field is required.", "code": "required"}????]} |
app01/views/account.py
| 1234567891011 | from app01.forms import account as AccountFormdef login(request):????obj = AccountForm.LoginForm(request.POST)????if request.method=='POST':????????if obj.is_valid():????????????all_data = obj.clean()????????else:????????????error = obj.errors.as_json()????????????return HttpResponse(error)????return render(request,'account/login.html',{'obj':obj}) |
templates/login.html
| 1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829 | <form action="/login/" method="post">????<p>????????{{ obj.username }}????????<span id="uname_error"></span>????</p>????<p>????????{{ obj.password }}????????<span id="pwd_error"></span>????</p>{#??????? <input type="submit" value="submit" />#}????<input type="button" value="AjaxSubmit" onclick="AjaxSubmit();"/></form><script src="{{ STATIC_URL }}js/jquery-2.1.4.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript">????function AjaxSubmit(){????????$.ajax({????????????url: '/login/',????????????type: 'POST',????????????data: {'username':'','password':''},??? //就當提交了一個空數據，制造錯誤????????????success: function(arg){??????????????? //arg是返回值，必須是字符串????????????????var callback_dict = $.parseJSON(arg);????????????????$('#uname_error').text(callback_dict.username[0].message);????????????????$('#pwd_error').text(callback_dict.password[0].message);{#??????????????????? console.log(callback_dict.username[0].message)#}????????????}????????})????}</script> |
app01/forms/account.py
| 12345 | from django import formsclass LoginForm(forms.Form):????username = forms.CharField()????password = forms.CharField(widget=forms.PasswordInput()) |
browser
來自為知筆記(Wiz)
轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/daliangtou/p/5307087.html
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