TO_DATE格式(以時間:2007-11-02 13:45:25為例)? Year:? yy two digits 兩位年 顯示值:07 yyy three digits 三位年 顯示值:007 yyyy four digits 四位年 顯示值:2007 Month:? mm number 兩位月 顯示值:11 mon abbreviated 字符集表示 顯示值:11月,若是英文版,顯示nov? month spelled out 字符集表示 顯示值:11月,若是英文版,顯示novembe Day:? dd number 當(dāng)月第幾天 顯示值:02 ddd number 當(dāng)年第幾天 顯示值:02 dy abbreviated 當(dāng)周第幾天簡寫 顯示值:星期五,若是英文版,顯示fri day spelled out 當(dāng)周第幾天全寫 顯示值:星期五,若是英文版,顯示friday? ddspth spelled out, ordinal twelfth
Hour: hh two digits 12小時進制 顯示值:01 hh24 two digits 24小時進制 顯示值:13
Minute: mi two digits 60進制 顯示值:45
Second: ss two digits 60進制 顯示值:25
其它 Q digit 季度 顯示值:4 WW digit 當(dāng)年第幾周 顯示值:44 W digit 當(dāng)月第幾周 顯示值:1
24小時格式下時間范圍為: 0:00:00 - 23:59:59....? 12小時格式下時間范圍為: 1:00:00 - 12:59:59 ....
1. 日期和字符轉(zhuǎn)換函數(shù)用法(to_date,to_char)
select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') as nowTime from dual; //日期轉(zhuǎn)化為字符串? select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy') as nowYear from dual; //獲取時間的年? select to_char(sysdate,'mm') as nowMonth from dual; //獲取時間的月? select to_char(sysdate,'dd') as nowDay from dual; //獲取時間的日? select to_char(sysdate,'hh24') as nowHour from dual; //獲取時間的時? select to_char(sysdate,'mi') as nowMinute from dual; //獲取時間的分? select to_char(sysdate,'ss') as nowSecond from dual; //獲取時間的秒 select to_date('2004-05-07 13:23:44','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') from dual// 2.? select to_char( to_date(222,'J'),'Jsp') from dual?
顯示Two Hundred Twenty-Two 3.求某天是星期幾? select to_char(to_date('2002-08-26','yyyy-mm-dd'),'day') from dual;? 星期一? select to_char(to_date('2002-08-26','yyyy-mm-dd'),'day','NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE = American') from dual;? monday? 設(shè)置日期語言? ALTER SESSION SET NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE='AMERICAN';? 也可以這樣? TO_DATE ('2002-08-26', 'YYYY-mm-dd', 'NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE = American') 4. 兩個日期間的天數(shù)? select floor(sysdate - to_date('20020405','yyyymmdd')) from dual; 5. 時間為null的用法? select id, active_date from table1? UNION? select 1, TO_DATE(null) from dual;?
注意要用TO_DATE(null) 6.月份差? a_date between to_date('20011201','yyyymmdd') and to_date('20011231','yyyymmdd')? 那么12月31號中午12點之后和12月1號的12點之前是不包含在這個范圍之內(nèi)的。? 所以,當(dāng)時間需要精確的時候,覺得to_char還是必要的
7. 日期格式?jīng)_突問題? 輸入的格式要看你安裝的ORACLE字符集的類型, 比如: US7ASCII, date格式的類型就是: '01-Jan-01'? alter system set NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE = American? alter session set NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE = American? 或者在to_date中寫? select to_char(to_date('2002-08-26','yyyy-mm-dd'),'day','NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE = American') from dual;? 注意我這只是舉了NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE,當(dāng)然還有很多,? 可查看? select * from nls_session_parameters? select * from V$NLS_PARAMETERS 8.? select count(*)? from ( select rownum-1 rnum? from all_objects? where rownum <= to_date('2002-02-28','yyyy-mm-dd') - to_date('2002-? 02-01','yyyy-mm-dd')+1? )? where to_char( to_date('2002-02-01','yyyy-mm-dd')+rnum-1, 'D' )? not in ( '1', '7' )?
查找2002-02-28至2002-02-01間除星期一和七的天數(shù)? 在前后分別調(diào)用DBMS_UTILITY.GET_TIME, 讓后將結(jié)果相減(得到的是1/100秒, 而不是毫秒). 9. 查找月份? select months_between(to_date('01-31-1999','MM-DD-YYYY'),to_date('12-31-1998','MM-DD-YYYY')) "MONTHS" FROM DUAL;? 1? select months_between(to_date('02-01-1999','MM-DD-YYYY'),to_date('12-31-1998','MM-DD-YYYY')) "MONTHS" FROM DUAL;? 1.03225806451613
10. Next_day的用法? Next_day(date, day)?
Monday-Sunday, for format code DAY? Mon-Sun, for format code DY? 1-7, for format code D 11? select to_char(sysdate,'hh:mi:ss') TIME from all_objects? 注意:第一條記錄的TIME 與最后一行是一樣的? 可以建立一個函數(shù)來處理這個問題? create or replace function sys_date return date is? begin? return sysdate;? end;?
select to_char(sys_date,'hh:mi:ss') from all_objects;?
12.獲得小時數(shù)? extract()找出日期或間隔值的字段值 SELECT EXTRACT(HOUR FROM TIMESTAMP '2001-02-16 2:38:40') from offer? SQL> select sysdate ,to_char(sysdate,'hh') from dual;?
SYSDATE TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'HH')? -------------------- ---------------------? 2003-10-13 19:35:21 07?
SQL> select sysdate ,to_char(sysdate,'hh24') from dual;?
SYSDATE TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'HH24')? -------------------- -----------------------? 2003-10-13 19:35:21 19 |