nginx是什么?
nginx是一個開源的，支持高性能，高并發的www服務和代理服務軟件。它是一個俄羅斯人lgor sysoev開發的，作者將源代碼開源出來供全球使用。
nginx比它大哥apache性能改進許多，nginx占用的系統資源更少，支持更高的并發連接，有更高的訪問效率。
nginx不但是一個優秀的web服務軟件，還可以作為反向代理，負載均衡，以及緩存服務使用。
安裝更為簡單，方便，靈活。 nginx的優點: 支持高并發，能支持幾萬并發連接 資源消耗少，在3萬并發連接下開啟10個nginx線程消耗的內存不到200M 可以做http反向代理和負載均衡 支持異步網絡i/o事件模型epoll

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1.下載配置nginx軟件

(1)解決nginx所需的依賴包(在opt目錄下) yum install gcc patch libffi-devel python-devel zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel openssl openssl-devel -y (2)下載源碼包 wget -c https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz (3)解壓縮源碼 tar -zxvf nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz (4)配置，編譯安裝 ,開啟nginx狀態監測功能(先進入到nginx-1.12.0文件夾) ./configure --prefix=/opt/nginx1-12/ (5)make && make install

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查看nginx的工作目錄

conf nginx的配置文件目錄 html 網頁根目錄 logs 日志 sbin 存放nginx可執行命令

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2.快速復制出一個小的網頁

進入nginx112目錄下的html文件夾,在文件夾中找到index.html文件 找到像替換的網頁的源代碼,替換該文件

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隨意找的源代碼

<style> @import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Press+Start+2P');body {margin: 0;font-family: 'Press Start 2P', cursive;font-size: 2em;color: white; } button {outline: none;cursor: pointer; } #counter { position: absolute;top: 20px;right: 20px; } #end { position: absolute;min-width: 100%;min-height: 100%;display: flex;align-items: center;justify-content: center;visibility: hidden; } #end button {background-color: red;padding: 20px 50px 20px 50px;font-family: inherit;font-size: inherit; } #controlls { position: absolute;min-width: 100%;min-height: 100%;display: flex;align-items: flex-end;justify-content: center; } #controlls div {margin-bottom: 20px;font-size: 0;max-width: 180px; } #controlls button { width: 50px;font-family: inherit;font-size: 30px;border: 3px solid white;color: white;background-color: transparent;margin: 5px; } #controlls button:first-of-type { width: 170px; } </style><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/three.js/99/three.min.js"></script> <a style="color:red";href="https://www.cnblogs.com/pyyu/">博客園地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/pyyu/ 點我呀 老弟</a> <div id="counter">0</div> <div id="controlls"><div><button id="forward" style="color:black">↑向前</button><button id="left" style="color:black">←向左</button><button id="backward" style="color:black">↓向下</button><button id="right" style="color:black">→向右</button></div> </div><div id="end"><button id="retry">Retry</button> </div><script> const counterDOM = document.getElementById('counter'); const endDOM = document.getElementById('end'); const scene = new THREE.Scene();const distance = 500; const camera = new THREE.OrthographicCamera( window.innerWidth/-2, window.innerWidth/2, window.innerHeight / 2, window.innerHeight / -2, 0.1, 10000 );camera.rotation.x = 50*Math.PI/180; camera.rotation.y = 20*Math.PI/180; camera.rotation.z = 10*Math.PI/180;const initialCameraPositionY = -Math.tan(camera.rotation.x)*distance; const initialCameraPositionX = Math.tan(camera.rotation.y)*Math.sqrt(distance**2 + initialCameraPositionY**2); camera.position.y = initialCameraPositionY; camera.position.x = initialCameraPositionX; camera.position.z = distance;const zoom = 2;const chickenSize = 15;const positionWidth = 42; const columns = 17; const boardWidth = positionWidth*columns;const stepTime = 200; // Miliseconds it takes for the chicken to take a step forward, backward, left or rightlet lanes; let currentLane; let currentColumn;let previousTimestamp; let startMoving; let moves; let stepStartTimestamp;const carFrontTexture = new Texture(40,80,[{x: 0, y: 10, w: 30, h: 60 }]); const carBackTexture = new Texture(40,80,[{x: 10, y: 10, w: 30, h: 60 }]); const carRightSideTexture = new Texture(110,40,[{x: 10, y: 0, w: 50, h: 30 }, {x: 70, y: 0, w: 30, h: 30 }]); const carLeftSideTexture = new Texture(110,40,[{x: 10, y: 10, w: 50, h: 30 }, {x: 70, y: 10, w: 30, h: 30 }]);const truckFrontTexture = new Texture(30,30,[{x: 15, y: 0, w: 10, h: 30 }]); const truckRightSideTexture = new Texture(25,30,[{x: 0, y: 15, w: 10, h: 10 }]); const truckLeftSideTexture = new Texture(25,30,[{x: 0, y: 5, w: 10, h: 10 }]);const generateLanes = () => [-9,-8,-7,-6,-5,-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9].map((index) => {const lane = new Lane(index);lane.mesh.position.y = index*positionWidth*zoom;scene.add( lane.mesh );return lane; }).filter((lane) => lane.index >= 0);const addLane = () => {const index = lanes.length;const lane = new Lane(index);lane.mesh.position.y = index*positionWidth*zoom;scene.add(lane.mesh);lanes.push(lane); }const chicken = new Chicken(); scene.add( chicken );const laneTypes = ['car', 'truck', 'forest']; const laneSpeeds = [2, 2.5, 3]; const vechicleColors = [0xa52523, 0xbdb638, 0x78b14b]; const threeHeights = [20,45,60];const initaliseValues = () => {lanes = generateLanes()currentLane = 0;currentColumn = Math.floor(columns/2);previousTimestamp = null;startMoving = false;moves = [];stepStartTimestamp;chicken.position.x = 0;chicken.position.y = 0;camera.position.y = initialCameraPositionY;camera.position.x = initialCameraPositionX; }initaliseValues();const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({alpha: true,antialias: true }); renderer.shadowMap.enabled = true; renderer.shadowMap.type = THREE.PCFSoftShadowMap; renderer.setSize( window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight ); document.body.appendChild( renderer.domElement );hemiLight = new THREE.HemisphereLight(0xffffff, 0xffffff, 0.6); scene.add(hemiLight)dirLight = new THREE.DirectionalLight(0xffffff, 0.6); dirLight.position.set(-100, -100, 200); dirLight.castShadow = true; scene.add(dirLight);dirLight.shadow.mapSize.width = 2048; dirLight.shadow.mapSize.height = 2048; var d = 500; dirLight.shadow.camera.left = - d; dirLight.shadow.camera.right = d; dirLight.shadow.camera.top = d; dirLight.shadow.camera.bottom = - d;// var helper = new THREE.CameraHelper( dirLight.shadow.camera ); // var helper = new THREE.CameraHelper( camera ); // scene.add(helper)backLight = new THREE.DirectionalLight(0x000000, .4); backLight.position.set(200, 200, 50); backLight.castShadow = true; scene.add(backLight)function Texture(width, height, rects) {const canvas = document.createElement( "canvas" );canvas.width = width;canvas.height = height;const context = canvas.getContext( "2d" );context.fillStyle = "#ffffff";context.fillRect( 0, 0, width, height );context.fillStyle = "rgba(0,0,0,0.6)"; rects.forEach(rect => {context.fillRect(rect.x, rect.y, rect.w, rect.h);});return new THREE.CanvasTexture(canvas); }function Wheel() {const wheel = new THREE.Mesh( new THREE.BoxBufferGeometry( 12*zoom, 33*zoom, 12*zoom ), new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial( { color: 0x333333, flatShading: true } ) );wheel.position.z = 6*zoom;return wheel; }function Car() {const car = new THREE.Group();const color = vechicleColors[Math.floor(Math.random() * vechicleColors.length)];const main = new THREE.Mesh(new THREE.BoxBufferGeometry( 60*zoom, 30*zoom, 15*zoom ), new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial( { color, flatShading: true } ));main.position.z = 12*zoom;main.castShadow = true;main.receiveShadow = true;car.add(main)const cabin = new THREE.Mesh(new THREE.BoxBufferGeometry( 33*zoom, 24*zoom, 12*zoom ), [new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial( { color: 0xcccccc, flatShading: true, map: carBackTexture } ),new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial( { color: 0xcccccc, flatShading: true, map: carFrontTexture } ),new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial( { color: 0xcccccc, flatShading: true, map: carRightSideTexture } ),new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial( { color: 0xcccccc, flatShading: true, map: carLeftSideTexture } ),new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial( { color: 0xcccccc, flatShading: true } ), // topnew THREE.MeshPhongMaterial( { color: 0xcccccc, flatShading: true } ) // bottom]);cabin.position.x = 6*zoom;cabin.position.z = 25.5*zoom;cabin.castShadow = true;cabin.receiveShadow = true;car.add( cabin );const frontWheel = new Wheel();frontWheel.position.x = -18*zoom;car.add( frontWheel );const backWheel = new Wheel();backWheel.position.x = 18*zoom;car.add( backWheel );car.castShadow = true;car.receiveShadow = false;return car; }function Truck() {const truck = new THREE.Group();const color = vechicleColors[Math.floor(Math.random() * vechicleColors.length)];const base = new THREE.Mesh(new THREE.BoxBufferGeometry( 100*zoom, 25*zoom, 5*zoom ), new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial( { color: 0xb4c6fc, flatShading: true } ));base.position.z = 10*zoom;truck.add(base)const cargo = new THREE.Mesh(new THREE.BoxBufferGeometry( 75*zoom, 35*zoom, 40*zoom ), new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial( { color: 0xb4c6fc, flatShading: true } ));cargo.position.x = 15*zoom;cargo.position.z = 30*zoom;cargo.castShadow = true;cargo.receiveShadow = true;truck.add(cargo)const cabin = new THREE.Mesh(new THREE.BoxBufferGeometry( 25*zoom, 30*zoom, 30*zoom ), [new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial( { color, flatShading: true } ), // backnew THREE.MeshPhongMaterial( { color, flatShading: true, map: truckFrontTexture } ),new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial( { color, flatShading: true, map: truckRightSideTexture } ),new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial( { color, flatShading: true, map: truckLeftSideTexture } ),new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial( { color, flatShading: true } ), // topnew THREE.MeshPhongMaterial( { color, flatShading: true } ) // bottom]);cabin.position.x = -40*zoom;cabin.position.z = 20*zoom;cabin.castShadow = true;cabin.receiveShadow = true;truck.add( cabin );const frontWheel = new Wheel();frontWheel.position.x = -38*zoom;truck.add( frontWheel );const middleWheel = new Wheel();middleWheel.position.x = -10*zoom;truck.add( middleWheel );const backWheel = new Wheel();backWheel.position.x = 30*zoom;truck.add( backWheel );return truck; }function Three() {const three = new THREE.Group();const trunk = new THREE.Mesh(new THREE.BoxBufferGeometry( 15*zoom, 15*zoom, 20*zoom ), new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial( { color: 0x4d2926, flatShading: true } ));trunk.position.z = 10*zoom;trunk.castShadow = true;trunk.receiveShadow = true;three.add(trunk);height = threeHeights[Math.floor(Math.random()*threeHeights.length)];const crown = new THREE.Mesh(new THREE.BoxBufferGeometry( 30*zoom, 30*zoom, height*zoom ), new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial( { color: 0x7aa21d, flatShading: true } ));crown.position.z = (height/2+20)*zoom;crown.castShadow = true;crown.receiveShadow = false;three.add(crown);return three; }function Chicken() {const chicken = new THREE.Group();const body = new THREE.Mesh(new THREE.BoxBufferGeometry( chickenSize*zoom, chickenSize*zoom, 20*zoom ), new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial( { color: 0xffffff, flatShading: true } ));body.position.z = 10*zoom;body.castShadow = true;body.receiveShadow = true;chicken.add(body);const rowel = new THREE.Mesh(new THREE.BoxBufferGeometry( 2*zoom, 4*zoom, 2*zoom ), new THREE.MeshLambertMaterial( { color: 0xF0619A, flatShading: true } ));rowel.position.z = 21*zoom;rowel.castShadow = true;rowel.receiveShadow = false;chicken.add(rowel);return chicken; }function Road() {const road = new THREE.Group();const createSection = color => new THREE.Mesh(new THREE.PlaneBufferGeometry( boardWidth*zoom, positionWidth*zoom ), new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial( { color } ));const middle = createSection(0x454A59);middle.receiveShadow = true;road.add(middle);const left = createSection(0x393D49);left.position.x = - boardWidth*zoom;road.add(left);const right = createSection(0x393D49);right.position.x = boardWidth*zoom;road.add(right);return road; }function Grass() {const grass = new THREE.Group();const createSection = color => new THREE.Mesh(new THREE.BoxBufferGeometry( boardWidth*zoom, positionWidth*zoom, 3*zoom ), new THREE.MeshPhongMaterial( { color } ));const middle = createSection(0xbaf455);middle.receiveShadow = true;grass.add(middle);const left = createSection(0x99C846);left.position.x = - boardWidth*zoom;grass.add(left);const right = createSection(0x99C846);right.position.x = boardWidth*zoom;grass.add(right);grass.position.z = 1.5*zoom;return grass; }function Lane(index) {this.index = index;this.type = index <= 0 ? 'field' : laneTypes[Math.floor(Math.random()*laneTypes.length)];switch(this.type) {case 'field': {this.type = 'field';this.mesh = new Grass();break;}case 'forest': {this.mesh = new Grass();this.occupiedPositions = new Set();this.threes = [1,2,3,4].map(() => {const three = new Three();let position;do {position = Math.floor(Math.random()*columns);}while(this.occupiedPositions.has(position))this.occupiedPositions.add(position);three.position.x = (position*positionWidth+positionWidth/2)*zoom-boardWidth*zoom/2;this.mesh.add( three );return three;})break;}case 'car' : {this.mesh = new Road();this.direction = Math.random() >= 0.5;const occupiedPositions = new Set();this.vechicles = [1,2,3].map(() => {const vechicle = new Car();let position;do {position = Math.floor(Math.random()*columns/2);}while(occupiedPositions.has(position))occupiedPositions.add(position);vechicle.position.x = (position*positionWidth*2+positionWidth/2)*zoom-boardWidth*zoom/2;if(!this.direction) vechicle.rotation.z = Math.PI;this.mesh.add( vechicle );return vechicle;})this.speed = laneSpeeds[Math.floor(Math.random()*laneSpeeds.length)];break;}case 'truck' : {this.mesh = new Road();this.direction = Math.random() >= 0.5;const occupiedPositions = new Set();this.vechicles = [1,2].map(() => {const vechicle = new Truck();let position;do {position = Math.floor(Math.random()*columns/3);}while(occupiedPositions.has(position))occupiedPositions.add(position);vechicle.position.x = (position*positionWidth*3+positionWidth/2)*zoom-boardWidth*zoom/2;if(!this.direction) vechicle.rotation.z = Math.PI;this.mesh.add( vechicle );return vechicle;})this.speed = laneSpeeds[Math.floor(Math.random()*laneSpeeds.length)];break;}} }document.querySelector("#retry").addEventListener("click", () => {lanes.forEach(lane => scene.remove( lane.mesh ));initaliseValues();endDOM.style.visibility = 'hidden'; });document.getElementById('forward').addEventListener("click", () => move('forward'));document.getElementById('backward').addEventListener("click", () => move('backward'));document.getElementById('left').addEventListener("click", () => move('left'));document.getElementById('right').addEventListener("click", () => move('right'));window.addEventListener("keydown", event => {if (event.keyCode == '38') {// up arrowmove('forward');}else if (event.keyCode == '40') {// down arrowmove('backward');}else if (event.keyCode == '37') {// left arrowmove('left');}else if (event.keyCode == '39') {// right arrowmove('right');} });function move(direction) {const finalPositions = moves.reduce((position,move) => {if(move === 'forward') return {lane: position.lane+1, column: position.column};if(move === 'backward') return {lane: position.lane-1, column: position.column};if(move === 'left') return {lane: position.lane, column: position.column-1};if(move === 'right') return {lane: position.lane, column: position.column+1};}, {lane: currentLane, column: currentColumn})if (direction === 'forward') {if(lanes[finalPositions.lane+1].type === 'forest' && lanes[finalPositions.lane+1].occupiedPositions.has(finalPositions.column)) return;if(!stepStartTimestamp) startMoving = true;addLane();}else if (direction === 'backward') {if(finalPositions.lane === 0) return;if(lanes[finalPositions.lane-1].type === 'forest' && lanes[finalPositions.lane-1].occupiedPositions.has(finalPositions.column)) return;if(!stepStartTimestamp) startMoving = true;}else if (direction === 'left') {if(finalPositions.column === 0) return;if(lanes[finalPositions.lane].type === 'forest' && lanes[finalPositions.lane].occupiedPositions.has(finalPositions.column-1)) return;if(!stepStartTimestamp) startMoving = true;}else if (direction === 'right') {if(finalPositions.column === columns - 1 ) return;if(lanes[finalPositions.lane].type === 'forest' && lanes[finalPositions.lane].occupiedPositions.has(finalPositions.column+1)) return;if(!stepStartTimestamp) startMoving = true;}moves.push(direction); }function animate(timestamp) {requestAnimationFrame( animate );if(!previousTimestamp) previousTimestamp = timestamp;const delta = timestamp - previousTimestamp;previousTimestamp = timestamp;// Animate cars and trucks moving on the lanelanes.forEach(lane => {if(lane.type === 'car' || lane.type === 'truck') {const aBitBeforeTheBeginingOfLane = -boardWidth*zoom/2 - positionWidth*2*zoom;const aBitAfterTheEndOFLane = boardWidth*zoom/2 + positionWidth*2*zoom;lane.vechicles.forEach(vechicle => {if(lane.direction) {vechicle.position.x = vechicle.position.x < aBitBeforeTheBeginingOfLane ? aBitAfterTheEndOFLane : vechicle.position.x -= lane.speed/16*delta;}else{vechicle.position.x = vechicle.position.x > aBitAfterTheEndOFLane ? aBitBeforeTheBeginingOfLane : vechicle.position.x += lane.speed/16*delta;}});}});if(startMoving) {stepStartTimestamp = timestamp;startMoving = false;}if(stepStartTimestamp) {const moveDeltaTime = timestamp - stepStartTimestamp;const moveDeltaDistance = Math.min(moveDeltaTime/stepTime,1)*positionWidth*zoom;const jumpDeltaDistance = Math.sin(Math.min(moveDeltaTime/stepTime,1)*Math.PI)*8*zoom;switch(moves[0]) {case 'forward': {camera.position.y = initialCameraPositionY + currentLane*positionWidth*zoom + moveDeltaDistance; chicken.position.y = currentLane*positionWidth*zoom + moveDeltaDistance; // initial chicken position is 0chicken.position.z = jumpDeltaDistance;break;}case 'backward': {camera.position.y = initialCameraPositionY + currentLane*positionWidth*zoom - moveDeltaDistance;chicken.position.y = currentLane*positionWidth*zoom - moveDeltaDistance;chicken.position.z = jumpDeltaDistance;break;}case 'left': {camera.position.x = initialCameraPositionX + (currentColumn*positionWidth+positionWidth/2)*zoom -boardWidth*zoom/2 - moveDeltaDistance; chicken.position.x = (currentColumn*positionWidth+positionWidth/2)*zoom -boardWidth*zoom/2 - moveDeltaDistance; // initial chicken position is 0chicken.position.z = jumpDeltaDistance;break;}case 'right': {camera.position.x = initialCameraPositionX + (currentColumn*positionWidth+positionWidth/2)*zoom -boardWidth*zoom/2 + moveDeltaDistance; chicken.position.x = (currentColumn*positionWidth+positionWidth/2)*zoom -boardWidth*zoom/2 + moveDeltaDistance; chicken.position.z = jumpDeltaDistance;break;}}// Once a step has endedif(moveDeltaTime > stepTime) {switch(moves[0]) {case 'forward': {currentLane++;counterDOM.innerHTML = currentLane; break;}case 'backward': {currentLane--;counterDOM.innerHTML = currentLane; break;}case 'left': {currentColumn--;break;}case 'right': {currentColumn++;break;}}moves.shift();// If more steps are to be taken then restart counter otherwise stop steppingstepStartTimestamp = moves.length === 0 ? null : timestamp;}}// Hit testif(lanes[currentLane].type === 'car' || lanes[currentLane].type === 'truck') {const chickenMinX = chicken.position.x - chickenSize*zoom/2;const chickenMaxX = chicken.position.x + chickenSize*zoom/2;const vechicleLength = { car: 60, truck: 105}[lanes[currentLane].type]; lanes[currentLane].vechicles.forEach(vechicle => {const carMinX = vechicle.position.x - vechicleLength*zoom/2;const carMaxX = vechicle.position.x + vechicleLength*zoom/2;if(chickenMaxX > carMinX && chickenMinX < carMaxX) {endDOM.style.visibility = 'visible';}});}renderer.render( scene, camera ); }requestAnimationFrame( animate ); </script>

3.nginx的主配置文件:nginx.conf

worker_processes 4; nginx工作進程數，根據cpu的核數定義 events {worker_connections 1024; #連接數 } #http區域塊，定義nginx的核心web功能 http {include(關鍵字) mime.types(可修改的值);default_type application/octet-stream;#定義日志格式log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ''$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ''"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';#開啟訪問日志功能的參數 access_log logs/access.log main;sendfile on;#tcp_nopush on;#keepalive_timeout 0;#保持長連接keepalive_timeout 65;#支持圖片 gif等等壓縮，減少網絡 gzip on;#這個server標簽 控制著nginx的虛擬主機(web站點) server {# 定義nginx的入口端口是80端口listen 80;# 填寫域名，沒有域名就寫ip地址 server_name www.s15rihan.com;# 定義編碼charset utf-8;# location定義網頁的訪問url#就代表 用戶的請求 是 192.168.13.79/location / {#root參數定義網頁根目錄 root html;#定義網頁的首頁文件，的名字的 index index.html index.htm;}#定義錯誤頁面，客戶端的錯誤，就會返回40x系列錯誤碼error_page 404 403 401 400 /404.html;#500系列錯誤代表后端代碼出錯error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;}#在另一個server{}的外面，寫入新的虛擬主機2 server{listen 80;server_name www.s15oumei.com;location / {root /opt/myserver/oumei; #定義虛擬主機的網頁根目錄 index index.html;}} }

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4.兩個虛擬主機公用一個ip端口

在nginx.conf配置文件中

worker_processes 4; nginx工作進程數，根據cpu的核數定義 events {worker_connections 1024; #連接數 } #http區域塊，定義nginx的核心web功能 http {include(關鍵字) mime.types(可修改的值);default_type application/octet-stream;#定義日志格式log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ''$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ''"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';#開啟訪問日志功能的參數 access_log logs/access.log main;sendfile on;#tcp_nopush on;#keepalive_timeout 0;#保持長連接keepalive_timeout 65;#支持圖片 gif等等壓縮，減少網絡 gzip on;#這個server標簽 控制著nginx的虛擬主機(web站點) server {# 定義nginx的入口端口是80端口listen 80;# 填寫域名，沒有域名就寫ip地址 server_name www.s15rihan.com;# 定義編碼charset utf-8;# location定義網頁的訪問url#就代表 用戶的請求 是 192.168.13.79/location / {#root參數定義網頁根目錄 root html;#定義網頁的首頁文件，的名字的 index index.html index.htm;}#定義錯誤頁面，客戶端的錯誤，就會返回40x系列錯誤碼error_page 404 403 401 400 /404.html;#500系列錯誤代表后端代碼出錯error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;}#在另一個server{}的外面，寫入新的虛擬主機2 server{listen 80;server_name www.s15oumei.com;location / {root /opt/myserver/oumei; #定義虛擬主機的網頁根目錄 index index.html;}} }

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準備兩個虛擬主機的網頁根目錄內容

[root@localhost myserver]# tree /opt/myserver//opt/myserver/├── oumei│ └── index.html 寫入自己的內容└── rihan└── index.html 寫入自己的內容

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修改windows本地的測試域名 C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts文件

寫入如下內容 ? 192.168.177.130 www.s15rihan.com 192.168.177.130 www.s15oumei.com ?因為我們沒有www.s15oumei.com 也沒有 www.s15rihan.com ，因此要在本地搞一個測試域名，不想改dns的話，就去阿里云去買一個域名~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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5.nginx的訪問日志功能

1.開啟nginx.conf中的日志參數

log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ''$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ''"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';#開啟訪問日志功能的參數 access_log logs/access.log main;

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2.檢查access.log的日志信息

tail -f access.log

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6.nginx的拒絕訪問功能

在nginx.conf中，添加參數

在server{}虛擬主機標簽中，找到location 然后添加參數 ?#當有人訪問 192.168.13.79/ 的時候 location / {#拒絕參數是 deny #deny 寫你想拒絕的IP地址#deny還支持拒絕一整個網站deny 192.168.13.33;root /opt/myserver/rihan;index index.html;}

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7.nginx的錯誤頁面優化

1.修改nginx.conf 中的配置參數 這個s1540x.html存在 虛擬主機定義的網頁根目錄下error_page 404 /s1540x.html;

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8.nginx代理

1.正向代理與反向代理的理解

正向代理

　　正向代理類似一個跳板機，代理訪問外部資源。

舉個例子：

　　我是一個用戶，我訪問不了某網站，但是我能訪問一個代理服務器，這個代理服務器呢,他能訪問那個我不能訪問的網站，于是我先連上代理服務器,告訴他我需要那個無法訪問網站的內容，代理服務器去取回來,然后返回給我。從網站的角度，只在代理服務器來取內容的時候有一次記錄，有時候并不知道是用戶的請求，也隱藏了用戶的資料，這取決于代理告不告訴網站。

正向代理的用途：

（1）訪問原來無法訪問的資源，如google ? （2） 可以做緩存，加速訪問資源 ? （3）對客戶端訪問授權，上網進行認證 ? （4）代理可以記錄用戶訪問記錄（上網行為管理），對外隱藏用戶信息

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反向代理

反向代理（Reverse Proxy）實際運行方式是指以代理服務器來接受internet上的連接請求，然后將請求轉發給內部網絡上的服務器，并將從服務器上得到的結果返回給internet上請求連接的客戶端，此時代理服務器對外就表現為一個服務器。

反向代理的作用：

（1）保證內網的安全，可以使用反向代理提供WAF功能，阻止web攻擊

大型網站，通常將反向代理作為公網訪問地址，Web服務器是內網。

（2）負載均衡，通過反向代理服務器來優化網站的負載

二者區別

2.反向代理服務器

在gninx.conf文件中添加配置
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location / {
? proxy_pass http://www.baidu.com;
? #root ? html;
? #index index.html index.htm;
}

瀏覽器 訪問 192.168.177.130時 跳轉到百度頁面

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9.nginx負載均衡

1.實驗準備 準備三臺計算機 ? nginx1 192.168.13.121 作為nginx負載均衡器 只要我訪問這個負載均衡器，查看頁面的結果，到底是來自于 ? nginx2 192.168.13.24 web服務，提供一個頁面 ? nginx3 192.168.13.79 web服務，提供一個頁面 ? ? ? 2.先配置兩個nginx web頁面 192.168.13.24 準備一個 index.html 寫入 你好，我是192.168.13.24機器192.168.13.79 準備一個 index.html 寫入 老了老弟，我是192.168.13.79然后啟動兩個nginx web 服務3.準備一個nginx負載均衡器 192.168.13.121機器上，修改nginx.conf 寫入如下內容 定義一個負載均衡池，負載均衡的算法有調度算法 　　 概述輪詢 　　　　按時間順序逐一分配到不同的后端服務器(默認)weight 　　 加權輪詢,weight值越大,分配到的訪問幾率越高ip_hash 　　 每個請求按訪問IP的hash結果分配,這樣來自同一IP的固定訪問一個后端服務器url_hash 　 按照訪問URL的hash結果來分配請求,是每個URL定向到同一個后端服務器least_conn 最少鏈接數,那個機器鏈接數少就分發 ?1.輪詢(不做配置，默認輪詢) ?2.weight權重(優先級) ?3.ip_hash配置，根據客戶端ip哈希分配，不能和weight一起用 ? upstream s15webserver { ip_hash; server 192.168.13.79 ; server 192.168.13.24 ; }然后在虛擬主機中添加 反向代理配置，將用戶的請求，直接轉發給 負載均衡池中的服務器 ? server {listen 80;#當我的請求來自于 192.168.13.121時，走這>個虛擬主機server_name 192.168.13.121; ?#charset koi8-r; ?#access_log logs/host.access.log main; ?location / {proxy_pass http://s15webserver;#root html;#index index.html index.htm; } ? } ? ? 4.啟動負載均衡器的 nginx服務 ? 5.在客戶端windows中測試訪問，負載均衡器 192.168.13.121 ，查看請求分發的結果

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轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/shanghongyun/p/10211189.html

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