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本文簡單介紹一下網絡性能的相關測試，包括吞吐量，抖動，丟包率，pps，qps，本文主要使用iperf3、netperf、wrk作為測試工具

工具安裝

1.1?iperf3
yum?install?iperf3
1.2?netperf
yum?install?netperf
1.3?wrk
yum?install?-y?https://github.com/scutse/wrk-rpm/releases/download/4.1.0/wrk-4.1.0-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
1.4?sar
yum?install?sysstat

吞吐量測試

2.1?工具
iperf3
2.2?測試舉例
需要兩臺機器，一臺機器充當server，另一臺充當client

server端
啟動服務，下面的輸出結果，是在client發送數據的時候，輸出的

[root@tstack-con01?~]#?iperf3?-s
-----------------------------------------------------------
Server?listening?on?5201
-----------------------------------------------------------
Accepted?connection?from?192.168.30.134,?port?50984
[??5]?local?192.168.30.133?port?5201?connected?to?192.168.30.134?port?50986
[?ID]?Interval???????????Transfer?????Bandwidth
[??5]???0.00-1.00???sec??1.14?GBytes??9.80?Gbits/sec
[??5]???1.00-2.00???sec??1.71?GBytes??14.6?Gbits/sec
[??5]???2.00-3.00???sec??1.73?GBytes??14.8?Gbits/sec
[??5]???3.00-4.00???sec??1.87?GBytes??16.1?Gbits/sec
[??5]???4.00-5.00???sec??1.90?GBytes??16.3?Gbits/sec
[??5]???5.00-6.00???sec??2.09?GBytes??17.9?Gbits/sec
[??5]???6.00-7.00???sec??1.66?GBytes??14.2?Gbits/sec
[??5]???7.00-8.00???sec??1.67?GBytes??14.3?Gbits/sec
[??5]???8.00-9.00???sec??1.76?GBytes??15.1?Gbits/sec
[??5]???9.00-10.00??sec??1.75?GBytes??15.1?Gbits/sec
[??5]??10.00-10.04??sec??67.4?MBytes??15.1?Gbits/sec
-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-
[?ID]?Interval???????????Transfer?????Bandwidth
[??5]???0.00-10.04??sec??0.00?Bytes??0.00?bits/sec??????????????????sender
[??5]???0.00-10.04??sec??17.3?GBytes??14.8?Gbits/sec??????????????????receiver
-----------------------------------------------------------
Server?listening?on?5201
-----------------------------------------------------------

client端
192.168.30.133為server端的ip地址

[root@tstack-com01?~]#?iperf3?-c?192.168.30.133
Connecting?to?host?192.168.30.133,?port?5201
[??4]?local?192.168.30.134?port?50986?connected?to?192.168.30.133?port?5201
[?ID]?Interval???????????Transfer?????Bandwidth???????Retr??Cwnd
[??4]???0.00-1.00???sec??1.21?GBytes??10.4?Gbits/sec????0???1017?KBytes
[??4]???1.00-2.00???sec??1.71?GBytes??14.7?Gbits/sec???29???1.11?MBytes
[??4]???2.00-3.00???sec??1.73?GBytes??14.8?Gbits/sec????0???1.41?MBytes
[??4]???3.00-4.00???sec??1.87?GBytes??16.1?Gbits/sec????3???1.16?MBytes
[??4]???4.00-5.00???sec??1.90?GBytes??16.3?Gbits/sec??119???1.03?MBytes
[??4]???5.00-6.00???sec??2.09?GBytes??17.9?Gbits/sec????0???1.29?MBytes
[??4]???6.00-7.00???sec??1.64?GBytes??14.1?Gbits/sec???19???1.14?MBytes
[??4]???7.00-8.00???sec??1.68?GBytes??14.4?Gbits/sec????0???1.14?MBytes
[??4]???8.00-9.00???sec??1.76?GBytes??15.1?Gbits/sec????0???1.20?MBytes
[??4]???9.00-10.00??sec??1.75?GBytes??15.1?Gbits/sec????0???1.21?MBytes
-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-
[?ID]?Interval???????????Transfer?????Bandwidth???????Retr
[??4]???0.00-10.00??sec??17.3?GBytes??14.9?Gbits/sec??170?????????????sender
[??4]???0.00-10.00??sec??17.3?GBytes??14.9?Gbits/sec??????????????????receiver

從測試結果可以看出，吞吐量為15Gb/s

抖動和丟包率測試

3.1?工具
iperf3
3.2?測試舉例

server端

[root@tstack-con01?~]#?iperf3?-s
-----------------------------------------------------------
Server?listening?on?5201
-----------------------------------------------------------


Accepted?connection?from?192.168.30.134,?port?51048
[??5]?local?192.168.30.133?port?5201?connected?to?192.168.30.134?port?42962
[?ID]?Interval???????????Transfer?????Bandwidth???????Jitter????Lost/Total?Datagrams
[??5]???0.00-1.00???sec???116?KBytes???950?Kbits/sec??3.666?ms??0/82?(0%)
[??5]???1.00-2.00???sec???129?KBytes??1.05?Mbits/sec??0.022?ms??0/91?(0%)
[??5]???2.00-3.00???sec???127?KBytes??1.04?Mbits/sec??0.009?ms??0/90?(0%)
[??5]???3.00-4.00???sec???129?KBytes??1.05?Mbits/sec??0.008?ms??0/91?(0%)
[??5]???4.00-5.00???sec???127?KBytes??1.04?Mbits/sec??0.004?ms??0/90?(0%)
[??5]???5.00-6.00???sec???129?KBytes??1.05?Mbits/sec??0.010?ms??0/91?(0%)
[??5]???6.00-7.00???sec???127?KBytes??1.04?Mbits/sec??0.011?ms??0/90?(0%)
[??5]???7.00-8.00???sec???129?KBytes??1.05?Mbits/sec??0.002?ms??0/91?(0%)
[??5]???8.00-9.00???sec???127?KBytes??1.04?Mbits/sec??0.008?ms??0/90?(0%)
[??5]???9.00-10.00??sec???129?KBytes??1.05?Mbits/sec??0.006?ms??0/91?(0%)
[??5]??10.00-10.04??sec??0.00?Bytes??0.00?bits/sec??0.006?ms??0/0?(0%)
-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-
[?ID]?Interval???????????Transfer?????Bandwidth???????Jitter????Lost/Total?Datagrams
[??5]???0.00-10.04??sec??0.00?Bytes??0.00?bits/sec??0.006?ms??0/897?(0%)
-----------------------------------------------------------
Server?listening?on?5201
-----------------------------------------------------------

client端
添加-u來發送udp數據包，實現抖動和丟包率的測試

[root@tstack-com01?~]#?iperf3?-c?192.168.30.133?-u
Connecting?to?host?192.168.30.133,?port?5201
[??4]?local?192.168.30.134?port?42962?connected?to?192.168.30.133?port?5201
[?ID]?Interval???????????Transfer?????Bandwidth???????Total?Datagrams
[??4]???0.00-1.00???sec???116?KBytes???950?Kbits/sec??82
[??4]???1.00-2.00???sec???129?KBytes??1.05?Mbits/sec??91
[??4]???2.00-3.00???sec???127?KBytes??1.04?Mbits/sec??90
[??4]???3.00-4.00???sec???129?KBytes??1.05?Mbits/sec??91
[??4]???4.00-5.00???sec???127?KBytes??1.04?Mbits/sec??90
[??4]???5.00-6.00???sec???129?KBytes??1.05?Mbits/sec??91
[??4]???6.00-7.00???sec???127?KBytes??1.04?Mbits/sec??90
[??4]???7.00-8.00???sec???129?KBytes??1.05?Mbits/sec??91
[??4]???8.00-9.00???sec???127?KBytes??1.04?Mbits/sec??90
[??4]???9.00-10.00??sec???129?KBytes??1.05?Mbits/sec??91
-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-?-
[?ID]?Interval???????????Transfer?????Bandwidth???????Jitter????Lost/Total?Datagrams
[??4]???0.00-10.00??sec??1.24?MBytes??1.04?Mbits/sec??0.006?ms??0/897?(0%)
[??4]?Sent?897?datagrams

iperf?Done.

從結果可以看出，抖動為0.006ms, 丟包率為0%

pps測試

pps全稱packets?per?seconds，也就是每秒鐘發送的數據源包數量。

4.1?工具
netperf
sar
4.2?測試舉例
本文使用兩臺主機實現pps測試。如果條件支持，建議多client進行發包測試。
4.2.1?測試TCP_STREAM

在數據接收端運行server服務

[root@tstack-con01?tools]#?netserver?-p?12345
Starting?netserver?with?host?'IN(6)ADDR_ANY'?port?'12345'?and?family?AF_UNSPEC

在client端運行如下命令向server進行數據包的發送

-H -p 指server端的ip地址和端口號
-l 30 指發送30s
-m 1 指發送數據包的大小，測試bps(bit per seconds)的時候，指定為1500
默認-t 為TCP_STREAM

[root@tstack-com01?~]#?netperf?-H?192.168.30.133?-p?12345?-l?30?--?-m?1
MIGRATED?TCP?STREAM?TEST?from?0.0.0.0?(0.0.0.0)?port?0?AF_INET?to?192.168.30.133?()?port?0?AF_INET
Recv???Send????Send
Socket?Socket??Message??Elapsed
Size???Size????Size?????Time?????Throughput
bytes??bytes???bytes????secs.????10^6bits/sec

?87380??16384?????46????30.00?????960.44

在server端通過sar對接收到的數據包進行統計

1 代表每隔1秒統計一次數據
20 代表統計20次取平均值

[root@tstack-con01?tools]#?sar?-n?DEV?1?20|grep?enp65s0f0
06:06:01?PM?enp65s0f0??83469.00???7669.00?120201.31????494.81??????0.00??????0.00??????3.00
06:06:02?PM?enp65s0f0??84407.00???7120.00?121833.36????459.07??????0.00??????0.00??????2.00
06:06:03?PM?enp65s0f0??83608.00???6786.00?120906.84????450.03??????0.00??????0.00??????3.00
06:06:04?PM?enp65s0f0??84361.00???6718.00?122126.39????455.01??????0.00??????0.00??????2.00
06:06:05?PM?enp65s0f0??85174.00???6682.00?123558.96????450.80??????0.00??????0.00??????3.00
06:06:06?PM?enp65s0f0??83616.00???6661.00?121306.26????429.47??????0.00??????0.00??????2.00
06:06:07?PM?enp65s0f0??84546.00???6301.00?122792.27????406.26??????0.00??????0.00??????3.00
06:06:08?PM?enp65s0f0??85204.00???5990.00?123920.02????386.70??????0.00??????0.00??????2.00
06:06:09?PM?enp65s0f0??85298.00???5852.00?124089.33????377.84??????0.00??????0.00??????3.00
06:06:10?PM?enp65s0f0??85127.00???5858.00?123940.40????377.71??????0.00??????0.00??????2.00
06:06:11?PM?enp65s0f0??85266.00???5805.00?124079.54????374.78??????0.00??????0.00??????3.00
06:06:12?PM?enp65s0f0??84512.00???5738.00?123028.91????369.98??????0.00??????0.00??????2.00
06:06:13?PM?enp65s0f0??85252.00???6449.00?123783.21????416.31??????0.00??????0.00??????3.00
06:06:14?PM?enp65s0f0??84939.00???6099.00?123585.46????393.24??????0.00??????0.00??????2.00
06:06:15?PM?enp65s0f0??85487.00???5805.00?124518.71????374.67??????0.00??????0.00??????3.00
06:06:16?PM?enp65s0f0??85531.00???5758.00?124643.46????371.27??????0.00??????0.00??????2.00
06:06:17?PM?enp65s0f0??84083.00???6226.00?122316.70????401.93??????0.00??????0.00??????3.00
06:06:18?PM?enp65s0f0??84491.00???6072.00?123027.48????391.99??????0.00??????0.00??????2.00
06:06:19?PM?enp65s0f0??84907.00???5882.00?123676.07????379.26??????0.00??????0.00??????3.00
06:06:20?PM?enp65s0f0??85648.00???5772.00?124816.33????372.18??????0.00??????0.00??????2.00
Average:????enp65s0f0??84746.30???6262.15?123107.55????406.67??????0.00??????0.00??????2.50

從左到右每個數字的意義如下
Average: IFACE rxpck/s txpck/s rxkB/s txkB/s rxcmp/s txcmp/s rxmcst/s

單位說明：

rxpck/s??每秒接受pps
txpck/s??每秒發送pps
rxkB/s???接受帶寬
txkB/s???發送帶寬
從結果可以看出，server端收8.4萬，發是6k

4.2.2 測試UDP_STREAM發

本測試為UDP_STREAM數據包發送性能
在陪練機運行server服務

[root@tstack-con01?tools]#?netserver?-p?12345
Starting?netserver?with?host?'IN(6)ADDR_ANY'?port?'12345'?and?family?AF_UNSPEC

在測試機運行client服務進行UDP_STREAM發的測試

[root@tstack-com01?~]#?netperf?-H?192.168.30.133?-p?12345?-l?20?-t?UDP_STREAM?--?-m?1
MIGRATED?UDP?STREAM?TEST?from?0.0.0.0?(0.0.0.0)?port?0?AF_INET?to?192.168.30.133?()?port?0?AF_INET
Socket??Message??Elapsed??????Messages
Size????Size?????Time?????????Okay?Errors???Throughput
bytes???bytes????secs????????????#??????#???10^6bits/sec

212992???????1???20.00?????9295295??????0???????3.72
212992???????????20.00?????7720000??????????????3.09

參數說明
Messages Okay：傳輸成功的數據包數量
從結果可以看出，UDP_STREAM發的測試結果是9295295/20=46萬

4.2.3 測試UDP_STREAM收
測試流程是在陪練機啟動client服務，記性數據包的發送，在測試機啟動server，用來接收數據包，通過sar來對數據包的接收數量做統計。
陪練機啟動client服務

[root@tstack-com01?~]#?netperf?-H?192.168.30.133?-p?12345?-l?30?-t?UDP_STREAM?--?-m?1
MIGRATED?UDP?STREAM?TEST?from?0.0.0.0?(0.0.0.0)?port?0?AF_INET?to?192.168.30.133?()?port?0?AF_INET
Socket??Message??Elapsed??????Messages
Size????Size?????Time?????????Okay?Errors???Throughput
bytes???bytes????secs????????????#??????#???10^6bits/sec

212992???????1???30.00?????14362435??????0???????3.83
212992???????????30.00?????11855222??????????????3.16

測試機啟動server服務

[root@tstack-con01?tools]#?netserver?-p?12345
Starting?netserver?with?host?'IN(6)ADDR_ANY'?port?'12345'?and?family?AF_UNSPEC

在測試機利用sar來進行數據包的統計工作

[root@tstack-con01?~]#?sar?-n?DEV?1?20|grep?enp65s0f0
10:23:06?PM?enp65s0f0?394128.00?????15.00??23099.12??????4.99??????0.00??????0.00??????2.00
10:23:07?PM?enp65s0f0?391051.00??????4.00??22913.18??????0.42??????0.00??????0.00??????3.00
10:23:08?PM?enp65s0f0?392257.00??????2.00??22983.83??????0.28??????0.00??????0.00??????2.00
10:23:09?PM?enp65s0f0?395070.00??????7.00??23151.33??????1.56??????0.00??????0.00??????3.00
10:23:10?PM?enp65s0f0?395360.00??????1.00??23165.63??????0.21??????0.00??????0.00??????2.00
10:23:11?PM?enp65s0f0?392057.43??????0.99??22972.12??????0.21??????0.00??????0.00??????2.97
10:23:12?PM?enp65s0f0?396273.00?????47.00??23227.00?????23.01??????0.00??????0.00??????2.00
10:23:13?PM?enp65s0f0?389787.00?????82.00??22872.09?????27.52??????0.00??????0.00??????3.00
10:23:14?PM?enp65s0f0?396265.00??????3.00??23219.43??????0.81??????0.00??????0.00??????2.00
10:23:15?PM?enp65s0f0?395449.00??????1.00??23170.85??????0.21??????0.00??????0.00??????3.00
10:23:16?PM?enp65s0f0?396839.00??????1.00??23252.29??????0.21??????0.00??????0.00??????2.00
10:23:17?PM?enp65s0f0?393822.00??????3.00??23077.67??????0.84??????0.00??????0.00??????3.00
10:23:18?PM?enp65s0f0?396418.00??????3.00??23227.65??????0.35??????0.00??????0.00??????2.00
10:23:19?PM?enp65s0f0?396228.00??????7.00??23219.18??????1.56??????0.00??????0.00??????3.00
10:23:20?PM?enp65s0f0?396245.00??????3.00??23217.51??????0.35??????0.00??????0.00??????2.00
10:23:21?PM?enp65s0f0?395187.00??????3.00??23156.88??????0.36??????0.00??????0.00??????3.00
10:23:22?PM?enp65s0f0?394884.00??????2.00??23137.75??????0.27??????0.00??????0.00??????2.00
10:23:23?PM?enp65s0f0?390526.00?????30.00??22895.53?????14.09??????0.00??????0.00??????3.00
10:23:24?PM?enp65s0f0?391885.00??????5.00??22962.81??????0.95??????0.00??????0.00??????3.00
10:23:25?PM?enp65s0f0?396712.00??????1.00??23244.85??????0.21??????0.00??????0.00??????3.00
Average:????enp65s0f0?394321.04?????11.04??23108.27??????3.92??????0.00??????0.00??????2.55

從上面數據可以開出，UDP_STREAM收的pps是39萬

qps測試
qps全稱是queries per seconds，即每秒查詢數，也就是每秒服務的處理請求數

5.1?工具
wrk
httpd
5.2?測試舉例
測試過程是，服務端啟動httpd服務，客戶端通過wrk來進行壓測，測試服務端的qps

服務器端啟動httpd服務

[root@tstack-com01?html]#?yum?install?-y?httpd
Loaded?plugins:?fastestmirror,?langpacks
Loading?mirror?speeds?from?cached?hostfile
Package?httpd-2.4.6-88.el7.centos.x86_64?already?installed?and?latest?version
Nothing?to?do
[root@tstack-com01?html]#?cat?/var/www/html/index.html
test?qps
[root@tstack-com01?html]#?curl?http://192.168.30.134/index.html
test?qps
[root@tstack-com01?html]#

client端安裝wrk，并通過wrk進行壓測
參數分析
-t4 開啟4個線程
-c10000 并發量為10000
-d10s 測試持續10s

[root@tstack-con01?common]#?wrk?-t4?-c10000?-d10s?http://192.168.30.134/index.html
Running?10s?test?@?http://192.168.30.134/index.html
??4?threads?and?10000?connections
??Thread?Stats???Avg??????Stdev?????Max???+/-?Stdev
????Latency?????2.91ms???15.42ms?953.75ms???95.58%
????Req/Sec????31.68k????16.56k???66.90k????69.64%
??176317?requests?in?10.10s,?41.73MB?read
??Socket?errors:?connect?8983,?read?0,?write?0,?timeout?0
Requests/sec:??17456.94
Transfer/sec:??????4.13MB
[root@tstack-con01?common]#

從上面可以看出，在4線程，10000并發的情況下，qps是1.7萬。

?

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