Android的AlertDialog详解
AlertDialog的構造方法全部是Protected的，所以不能直接通過new一個AlertDialog來創建出一個AlertDialog。
要創建一個AlertDialog，就要用到AlertDialog.Builder中的create()方法。
使用AlertDialog.Builder創建對話框需要了解以下幾個方法：
setTitle ：為對話框設置標題
setIcon ：為對話框設置圖標
setMessage：為對話框設置內容
setView ： 給對話框設置自定義樣式
setItems ：設置對話框要顯示的一個list，一般用于顯示幾個命令時
setMultiChoiceItems ：用來設置對話框顯示一系列的復選框
setNeutralButton???：普通按鈕
setPositiveButton??：給對話框添加"Yes"按鈕
setNegativeButton ：對話框添加"No"按鈕
create ： 創建對話框
show ：顯示對話框
一、簡單的AlertDialog
下面，創建一個簡單的ALertDialog并顯示它：
[java]? packagecom.tianjf;?
?
import android.app.Activity;?
import android.app.AlertDialog;?
import android.app.Dialog;?
import android.os.Bundle;?
?
public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity{?
????
???@Override?
??? public voidonCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {?
???????super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);?
???????setContentView(R.layout.main);?
?
???????Dialog alertDialog = newAlertDialog.Builder(this).?
???????????????setTitle("對話框的標題").?
???????????????setMessage("對話框的內容").?
???????????????setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher).?
???????????????create();?
???????alertDialog.show();?
???}?
}?
package com.tianjf;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity{
?
?@Override
?public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
??super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
??setContentView(R.layout.main);
??Dialog alertDialog = newAlertDialog.Builder(this).
????setTitle("對話框的標題").
????setMessage("對話框的內容").
????setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher).
????create();
??alertDialog.show();
?}
}運行結果如下：
?
?
二、帶按鈕的AlertDialog
上面的例子很簡單，下面我們在這個AlertDialog上面加幾個Button，實現刪除操作的提示對話框
[java] package com.tianjf;?
?
import android.app.Activity;?
import android.app.AlertDialog;?
import android.app.Dialog;?
import android.content.DialogInterface;?
import android.os.Bundle;?
?
public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity{?
????
???@Override?
??? public voidonCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {?
???????super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);?
???????setContentView(R.layout.main);?
?
???????Dialog alertDialog = newAlertDialog.Builder(this).?
???????????????setTitle("確定刪除？").?
???????????????setMessage("您確定刪除該條信息嗎？").?
???????????????setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher).?
???????????????setPositiveButton("確定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener(){?
?????????????????????
???????????????????@Override?
???????????????????public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which){?
???????????????????????// TODO Auto-generated methodstub??
???????????????????}?
???????????????}).?
???????????????setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener(){?
?????????????????????
???????????????????@Override?
???????????????????public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which){?
???????????????????????// TODO Auto-generated methodstub??
???????????????????}?
???????????????}).?
???????????????setNeutralButton("查看詳情", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener(){?
?????????????????????
???????????????????@Override?
???????????????????public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which){?
???????????????????????// TODO Auto-generated methodstub??
???????????????????}?
???????????????}).?
???????????????create();?
???????alertDialog.show();?
???}?
}?
package com.tianjf;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity{
?
?@Override
?public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
??super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
??setContentView(R.layout.main);
??Dialog alertDialog = newAlertDialog.Builder(this).
????setTitle("確定刪除？").
????setMessage("您確定刪除該條信息嗎？").
????setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher).
????setPositiveButton("確定",new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
?????
?????@Override
?????publicvoid onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
??????//TODO Auto-generated method stub
?????}
????}).
????setNegativeButton("取消",new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
?????
?????@Override
?????publicvoid onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
??????//TODO Auto-generated method stub
?????}
????}).
????setNeutralButton("查看詳情",new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
?????
?????@Override
?????publicvoid onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
??????//TODO Auto-generated method stub
?????}
????}).
????create();
??alertDialog.show();
?}
}在這個例子中，我們定義了三個按鈕，分別是"Yes"按鈕，"No"按鈕以及一個普通按鈕，每個按鈕都有onClick事件，TODO的地方可以放點了按鈕之后想要做的一些處理
看一下運行結果：
?
可以看到三個按鈕添加到了AlertDialog上，三個沒有添加事件處理的按鈕，點了只是關閉對話框，沒有任何其他操作。
?
?
?
三、類似ListView的AlertDialog
用setItems(CharSequence[] items, final OnClickListenerlistener)方法來實現類似ListView的AlertDialog
第一個參數是要顯示的數據的數組，第二個參數是點擊某個item的觸發事件
[java] package com.tianjf;?
?
import android.app.Activity;?
import android.app.AlertDialog;?
import android.app.Dialog;?
import android.content.DialogInterface;?
import android.os.Bundle;?
import android.widget.Toast;?
?
public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity{?
????
???@Override?
??? public voidonCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {?
???????super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);?
???????setContentView(R.layout.main);?
?
???????final String[] arrayFruit = new String[] { "蘋果", "橘子", "草莓", "香蕉"};?
?
???????Dialog alertDialog = newAlertDialog.Builder(this).?
???????????????setTitle("你喜歡吃哪種水果？").?
???????????????setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)?
???????????????.setItems(arrayFruit, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener(){?
??
???????????????????@Override?
???????????????????public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which){?
???????????????????????Toast.makeText(Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity.this,arrayFruit[which],Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();?
???????????????????}?
???????????????}).?
???????????????setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener(){?
?
???????????????????@Override?
???????????????????public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which){?
???????????????????????// TODO Auto-generated methodstub??
???????????????????}?
???????????????}).?
???????????????create();?
???????alertDialog.show();?
???}?
}?
package com.tianjf;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity{
?
?@Override
?public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
??super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
??setContentView(R.layout.main);
??final String[] arrayFruit = newString[] { "蘋果", "橘子", "草莓", "香蕉" };
??Dialog alertDialog = newAlertDialog.Builder(this).
????setTitle("你喜歡吃哪種水果？").
????setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)
????.setItems(arrayFruit,new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
?
?????@Override
?????publicvoid onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
??????Toast.makeText(Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity.this,arrayFruit[which], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
?????}
????}).
????setNegativeButton("取消",new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
?????@Override
?????publicvoid onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
??????//TODO Auto-generated method stub
?????}
????}).
????create();
??alertDialog.show();
?}
}運行結果如下：
?
?
?
?
四、類似RadioButton的AlertDialog
用setSingleChoiceItems(CharSequence[] items, int checkedItem, finalOnClickListener listener)方法來實現類似RadioButton的AlertDialog
第一個參數是要顯示的數據的數組，第二個參數是初始值（初始被選中的item），第三個參數是點擊某個item的觸發事件
在這個例子里面我們設了一個selectedFruitIndex用來記住選中的item的index
[java] package com.tianjf;?
?
import android.app.Activity;?
import android.app.AlertDialog;?
import android.app.Dialog;?
import android.content.DialogInterface;?
import android.os.Bundle;?
import android.widget.Toast;?
?
public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity{?
?????
??? private intselectedFruitIndex = 0;?
?????
????
???@Override?
??? public voidonCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {?
???????super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);?
???????setContentView(R.layout.main);?
?
???????final String[] arrayFruit = new String[] { "蘋果", "橘子", "草莓", "香蕉"};?
?
???????Dialog alertDialog = newAlertDialog.Builder(this).?
???????????????setTitle("你喜歡吃哪種水果？").?
???????????????setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)?
???????????????.setSingleChoiceItems(arrayFruit, 0, newDialogInterface.OnClickListener() {?
??
???????????????????@Override?
???????????????????public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which){?
???????????????????????selectedFruitIndex = which;?
???????????????????}?
???????????????}).?
???????????????setPositiveButton("確認", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener(){?
?
???????????????????@Override?
???????????????????public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which){?
???????????????????????Toast.makeText(Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity.this,arrayFruit[selectedFruitIndex],Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();?
???????????????????}?
???????????????}).?
???????????????setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener(){?
?
???????????????????@Override?
???????????????????public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which){?
???????????????????????// TODO Auto-generated methodstub??
???????????????????}?
???????????????}).?
???????????????create();?
???????alertDialog.show();?
???}?
}?
package com.tianjf;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity{
?
?private int selectedFruitIndex = 0;
?
?
?@Override
?public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
??super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
??setContentView(R.layout.main);
??final String[] arrayFruit = newString[] { "蘋果", "橘子", "草莓", "香蕉" };
??Dialog alertDialog = newAlertDialog.Builder(this).
????setTitle("你喜歡吃哪種水果？").
????setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)
????.setSingleChoiceItems(arrayFruit,0, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
?
?????@Override
?????publicvoid onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
??????selectedFruitIndex= which;
?????}
????}).
????setPositiveButton("確認",new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
?????@Override
?????publicvoid onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
??????Toast.makeText(Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity.this,arrayFruit[selectedFruitIndex], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
?????}
????}).
????setNegativeButton("取消",new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
?????@Override
?????publicvoid onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
??????//TODO Auto-generated method stub
?????}
????}).
????create();
??alertDialog.show();
?}
}
運行結果如下：
?
?
五、類似CheckBox的AlertDialog
用setMultiChoiceItems(CharSequence[] items, boolean[] checkedItems,final OnMultiChoiceClickListenerlistener)方法來實現類似CheckBox的AlertDialog
第一個參數是要顯示的數據的數組，第二個參數是選中狀態的數組，第三個參數是點擊某個item的觸發事件
[java] package com.tianjf;?
?
import android.app.Activity;?
import android.app.AlertDialog;?
import android.app.Dialog;?
import android.content.DialogInterface;?
import android.os.Bundle;?
import android.widget.Toast;?
?
public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity{?
????
???@Override?
??? public voidonCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {?
???????super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);?
???????setContentView(R.layout.main);?
?
???????final String[] arrayFruit = new String[] { "蘋果", "橘子", "草莓", "香蕉"};?
???????final boolean[] arrayFruitSelected = new boolean[] {true, true,false, false};?
?
???????Dialog alertDialog = newAlertDialog.Builder(this).?
???????????????setTitle("你喜歡吃哪種水果？").?
???????????????setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)?
???????????????.setMultiChoiceItems(arrayFruit, arrayFruitSelected, newDialogInterface.OnMultiChoiceClickListener(){?
?????????????????????
???????????????????@Override?
???????????????????public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which, booleanisChecked) {?
???????????????????????arrayFruitSelected[which] = isChecked;?
???????????????????}?
???????????????}).?
???????????????setPositiveButton("確認", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener(){?
?
???????????????????@Override?
???????????????????public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which){?
???????????????????????StringBuilder stringBuilder = newStringBuilder();?
???????????????????????for (int i = 0; i < arrayFruitSelected.length; i++){?
???????????????????????????if (arrayFruitSelected[i] == true)?
???????????????????????????{?
???????????????????????????????stringBuilder.append(arrayFruit[i] + "、");?
???????????????????????????}?
???????????????????????}?
???????????????????????Toast.makeText(Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity.this,stringBuilder.toString(),Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();?
???????????????????}?
???????????????}).?
???????????????setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener(){?
?
???????????????????@Override?
???????????????????public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which){?
???????????????????????// TODO Auto-generated methodstub??
???????????????????}?
???????????????}).?
???????????????create();?
???????alertDialog.show();?
???}?
}?
package com.tianjf;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity{
?
?@Override
?public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
??super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
??setContentView(R.layout.main);
??final String[] arrayFruit = newString[] { "蘋果", "橘子", "草莓", "香蕉" };
??final boolean[]arrayFruitSelected = new boolean[] {true, true, false, false};
??Dialog alertDialog = newAlertDialog.Builder(this).
????setTitle("你喜歡吃哪種水果？").
????setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)
????.setMultiChoiceItems(arrayFruit,arrayFruitSelected, newDialogInterface.OnMultiChoiceClickListener() {
?????
?????@Override
?????publicvoid onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which, boolean isChecked){
??????arrayFruitSelected[which]= isChecked;
?????}
????}).
????setPositiveButton("確認",new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
?????@Override
?????publicvoid onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
??????StringBuilderstringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
??????for(int i = 0; i < arrayFruitSelected.length; i++){
???????if(arrayFruitSelected[i] == true)
???????{
????????stringBuilder.append(arrayFruit[i]+ "、");
???????}
??????}
??????Toast.makeText(Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity.this,stringBuilder.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
?????}
????}).
????setNegativeButton("取消",new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
?????@Override
?????publicvoid onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
??????//TODO Auto-generated method stub
?????}
????}).
????create();
??alertDialog.show();
?}
}運行結果如下：
?
?
?
六、自定義View的AlertDialog
有時候我們不能滿足系統自帶的AlertDialog風格，就比如說我們要實現一個Login畫面，有用戶名和密碼，這時我們就要用到自定義View的AlertDialog
先創建Login畫面的布局文件
[html] <?xml version="1.0"encoding="utf-8"?>?
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"?
???android:layout_width="fill_parent"?
???android:layout_height="fill_parent"?
???android:orientation="vertical">?
?
???<LinearLayout?
???????android:layout_width="fill_parent"?
???????android:layout_height="wrap_content"?
???????android:gravity="center" >?
?
???????<TextView?
???????????android:layout_width="0dip"?
???????????android:layout_height="wrap_content"?
???????????android:layout_weight="1"?
???????????android:text="@string/user"/>?
?
???????<EditText?
???????????android:layout_width="0dip"?
???????????android:layout_height="wrap_content"?
???????????android:layout_weight="1" />?
???</LinearLayout>?
?
???<LinearLayout?
???????android:layout_width="fill_parent"?
???????android:layout_height="wrap_content"?
???????android:gravity="center" >?
?
???????<TextView?
???????????android:layout_width="0dip"?
???????????android:layout_height="wrap_content"?
???????????android:layout_weight="1"?
???????????android:text="@string/passward"/>?
?
???????<EditText?
???????????android:layout_width="0dip"?
???????????android:layout_height="wrap_content"?
???????????android:layout_weight="1" />?
???</LinearLayout>?
?
</LinearLayout>?
<?xml version="1.0"encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
???android:layout_width="fill_parent"
???android:layout_height="fill_parent"
???android:orientation="vertical" >
???<LinearLayout
???????android:layout_width="fill_parent"
???????android:layout_height="wrap_content"
???????android:gravity="center" >
???????<TextView
???????????android:layout_width="0dip"
???????????android:layout_height="wrap_content"
???????????android:layout_weight="1"
???????????android:text="@string/user" />
???????<EditText
???????????android:layout_width="0dip"
???????????android:layout_height="wrap_content"
???????????android:layout_weight="1" />
???</LinearLayout>
???<LinearLayout
???????android:layout_width="fill_parent"
???????android:layout_height="wrap_content"
???????android:gravity="center" >
???????<TextView
???????????android:layout_width="0dip"
???????????android:layout_height="wrap_content"
???????????android:layout_weight="1"
???????????android:text="@string/passward" />
???????<EditText
???????????android:layout_width="0dip"
???????????android:layout_height="wrap_content"
???????????android:layout_weight="1" />
???</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
然后在Activity里面把Login畫面的布局文件添加到AlertDialog上
[java] package com.tianjf;?
?
import android.app.Activity;?
import android.app.AlertDialog;?
import android.app.Dialog;?
import android.content.DialogInterface;?
import android.os.Bundle;?
import android.view.LayoutInflater;?
import android.view.View;?
?
public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity{?
????
???@Override?
??? public voidonCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {?
???????super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);?
???????setContentView(R.layout.main);?
?
???????// 取得自定義View??
???????LayoutInflater layoutInflater =LayoutInflater.from(this);?
???????View myLoginView = layoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.login,null);?
?????????
???????Dialog alertDialog = newAlertDialog.Builder(this).?
???????????????setTitle("用戶登錄").?
???????????????setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher).?
???????????????setView(myLoginView).?
???????????????setPositiveButton("登錄", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener(){?
?
???????????????????@Override?
???????????????????public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which){?
???????????????????????// TODO Auto-generated methodstub??
???????????????????}?
???????????????}).?
???????????????setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener(){?
?
???????????????????@Override?
???????????????????public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which){?
???????????????????????// TODO Auto-generated methodstub??
???????????????????}?
???????????????}).?
???????????????create();?
???????alertDialog.show();?
???}?
}?
package com.tianjf;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity{
?
?@Override
?public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
??super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
??setContentView(R.layout.main);
??// 取得自定義View
??LayoutInflater layoutInflater =LayoutInflater.from(this);
??View myLoginView =layoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.login, null);
??
??Dialog alertDialog = newAlertDialog.Builder(this).
????setTitle("用戶登錄").
????setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher).
????setView(myLoginView).
????setPositiveButton("登錄",new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
?????@Override
?????publicvoid onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
??????//TODO Auto-generated method stub
?????}
????}).
????setNegativeButton("取消",new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
?????@Override
?????publicvoid onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
??????//TODO Auto-generated method stub
?????}
????}).
????create();
??alertDialog.show();
?}
}運行結果如下：
摘自 殤雲的專欄
總結
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