Ubuntu12.04下arm交叉编译环境的建立
http://blog.csdn.net/heyangya2009/article/details/5424376
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備注:ubuntu12.04+Android+Real6410
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在主機(jī)上用來編譯其他類型機(jī)器可執(zhí)行代碼的編譯器就叫交叉編譯器,我們進(jìn)行嵌入式linux的開發(fā)的主機(jī)的處理器大部分都是x86,而我們的嵌入式系統(tǒng)的處理器有可能是arm、MIPS等非x86處理器,這時(shí)候必須使用arm、MIPS等交叉編譯器才能編譯出這些處理器能夠執(zhí)行的代碼。這里我們使用的是ARM公司提供的新一代的arm交叉編譯器EABI編譯器。
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1.???訪問codesourcery官方網(wǎng)站下載最新的ARM交叉編譯工具鏈,當(dāng)前最新版本是arm-2009q3:
http://www.codesourcery.com/sgpp/lite/arm/portal/package5383/public/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/arm-2009q3-67-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-i686-pc-linux-gnu.tar.bz2
把arm-2009q3-67-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-i686-pc-linux-gnu.tar.bz2拷貝到root下,用命令
tar –jxvf arm-2009q3-67-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-i686-pc-linux-gnu.tar.bz2解壓到當(dāng)前為目錄下,生成arm-2009q3目錄,如下圖:
圖1
可見采用的交叉編譯器是arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc4.4.1
2.???設(shè)置交叉編譯工具環(huán)境變量
在etc/bash.bashrc文件下增加下面的內(nèi)容:
#ARM_CROSS2009=/root/arm-2009q3
export PATH=$PATH:$ARM_CROSS2009/bin
保存退出后用source/etc/bash.bashrc使配置生效,通過命令echo $PATH來查看PATH環(huán)境變量的設(shè)置,比如:
/home/kandi/jdk1.6.0_45/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/home/kandi/jdk1.6.0_45/jre/bin:/root/arm-2009q3/bin
我們可以通過arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc –v(記得這里有空格),內(nèi)容如下:
Using built-in specs.
Target: arm-none-linux-gnueabi
Configured with:/scratch/julian/2009q3-respin-linux-lite/src/gcc-4.4/configure--build=i686-pc-linux-gnu --host=i686-pc-linux-gnu--target=arm-none-linux-gnueabi --enable-threads --disable-libmudflap--disable-libssp --disable-libstdcxx-pch --enable-extra-sgxxlite-multilibs--with-arch=armv5te --with-gnu-as --with-gnu-ld--with-specs='%{funwind-tables|fno-unwind-tables|mabi=*|ffreestanding|nostdlib:;:-funwind-tables}%{O2:%{!fno-remove-local-statics: -fremove-local-statics}}%{O*:%{O|O0|O1|O2|Os:;:%{!fno-remove-local-statics: -fremove-local-statics}}}'--enable-languages=c,c++ --enable-shared --disable-lto --enable-symvers=gnu--enable-__cxa_atexit --with-pkgversion='Sourcery G++ Lite 2009q3-67'--with-bugurl=https://support.codesourcery.com/GNUToolchain/ --disable-nls--prefix=/opt/codesourcery--with-sysroot=/opt/codesourcery/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/libc--with-build-sysroot=/scratch/julian/2009q3-respin-linux-lite/install/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/libc--with-gmp=/scratch/julian/2009q3-respin-linux-lite/obj/host-libs-2009q3-67-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-i686-pc-linux-gnu/usr--with-mpfr=/scratch/julian/2009q3-respin-linux-lite/obj/host-libs-2009q3-67-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-i686-pc-linux-gnu/usr--with-ppl=/scratch/julian/2009q3-respin-linux-lite/obj/host-libs-2009q3-67-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-i686-pc-linux-gnu/usr--with-host-libstdcxx='-static-libgcc -Wl,-Bstatic,-lstdc++,-Bdynamic -lm'--with-cloog=/scratch/julian/2009q3-respin-linux-lite/obj/host-libs-2009q3-67-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-i686-pc-linux-gnu/usr--disable-libgomp --enable-poison-system-directories--with-build-time-tools=/scratch/julian/2009q3-respin-linux-lite/install/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/bin--with-build-time-tools=/scratch/julian/2009q3-respin-linux-lite/install/arm-none-linux-gnueabi/bin
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.4.1 (Sourcery G++ Lite2009q3-67)
表示設(shè)置生效,在設(shè)置過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)這樣的規(guī)律,設(shè)置的終端調(diào)用source/etc/bash.bashrc,好像如果在設(shè)置的終端輸入arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc –v就看不到上面的gcc信息,在新的終端上就可以。
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但去編譯Uboot的時(shí)候發(fā)現(xiàn)有下面的錯(cuò)誤信息:
make: arm-linux-gcc:命令未找到
find/home/kandi/android2.3/sc/android-source/s3c-u-boot-1.1.6-Real6410 -type f \
????????????? \(-name 'core' -o -name '*.bak' -o -name '*~' \
????????????? -o-name '*~' -o -name '.depend*' \
????????????? -o-name '*.o'? -o -name '*.a'? \) -print \
????????????? |xargs rm -f
rm -f u-boot*
rm -f examples/hello_worldexamples/timer \
?????? ????? examples/eepro100_eeprom examples/sched \
?????? ?? ???examples/mem_to_mem_idma2intrexamples/82559_eeprom \
?????? ????? examples/smc91111_eepromexamples/interrupt \
?????? ????? examples/test_burst
rm -f tools/img2srec tools/mkimagetools/envcrc \
????????????? tools/gen_eth_addr
rm -f tools/mpc86x_clk tools/ncb
rm -f tools/easylogo/easylogotools/bmp_logo
rm -f tools/gdb/astest tools/gdb/gdbconttools/gdb/gdbsend
rm -f tools/env/fw_printenvtools/env/fw_setenv
rm -f board/cray/L1/bootscript.cboard/cray/L1/bootscript.image
rm -f board/netstar/eepromboard/netstar/crcek board/netstar/crcit
rm -f board/netstar/*.srecboard/netstar/*.bin
rm -f board/trab/trab_fktboard/voiceblue/eeprom
rm -f board/integratorap/u-boot.ldsboard/integratorcp/u-boot.lds
rm -f include/bmp_logo.h
rm -f nand_spl/u-boot-splnand_spl/u-boot-spl.map
make: arm-linux-gcc:命令未找到
for dir in tools examples post post/cpu; do make -C $dir _depend ; done
make[1]: arm-linux-gcc:命令未找到
make[1]:正在進(jìn)入目錄`/home/kandi/android2.3/sc/android-source/s3c-u-boot-1.1.6-Real6410/tools'
make[1]:正在離開目錄`/home/kandi/android2.3/sc/android-source/s3c-u-boot-1.1.6-Real6410/tools'
make[1]: arm-linux-gcc:命令未找到
make[1]:正在進(jìn)入目錄`/home/kandi/android2.3/sc/android-source/s3c-u-boot-1.1.6-Real6410/tools'
make[1]:沒有什么可以做的為 `_depend'。
make[1]:正在離開目錄 `/home/kandi/android2.3/sc/android-source/s3c-u-boot-1.1.6-Real6410/tools'
make[1]: arm-linux-gcc:命令未找到
make[1]:正在進(jìn)入目錄`/home/kandi/android2.3/sc/android-source/s3c-u-boot-1.1.6-Real6410/examples'
/bin/sh: 1: arm-linux-gcc: not found
dirname:缺少操作數(shù)
請嘗試執(zhí)行"dirname--help"來獲取更多信息。
/bin/sh: 1: arm-linux-gcc: not found
dirname:缺少操作數(shù)
請嘗試執(zhí)行"dirname--help"來獲取更多信息。
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
make[1]: ***沒有規(guī)則可以創(chuàng)建“_depend”需要的目標(biāo)“.depend”。停止。
make[1]:正在離開目錄 `/home/kandi/android2.3/sc/android-source/s3c-u-boot-1.1.6-Real6410/examples'
make[1]: arm-linux-gcc:命令未找到
make[1]:正在進(jìn)入目錄`/home/kandi/android2.3/sc/android-source/s3c-u-boot-1.1.6-Real6410/post'
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
make[1]: ***沒有規(guī)則可以創(chuàng)建“_depend”需要的目標(biāo)“.depend”。停止。
make[1]:正在離開目錄`/home/kandi/android2.3/sc/android-source/s3c-u-boot-1.1.6-Real6410/post'
make[1]: arm-linux-gcc:命令未找到
make[1]:正在進(jìn)入目錄`/home/kandi/android2.3/sc/android-source/s3c-u-boot-1.1.6-Real6410/post/cpu'
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
/bin/sh: 3: arm-linux-gcc: not found
make[1]: ***沒有規(guī)則可以創(chuàng)建“_depend”需要的目標(biāo)“.depend”。停止。
make[1]:正在離開目錄`/home/kandi/android2.3/sc/android-source/s3c-u-boot-1.1.6-Real6410/post/cpu'
make: *** [depend]錯(cuò)誤 2
cp: 無法獲取"u-boot.bin"的文件狀態(tài)(stat):沒有那個(gè)文件或目錄
后來改為用arm-2008q3的交叉編譯環(huán)境就可以了,看來交叉編譯環(huán)境和linux內(nèi)核、實(shí)際的Real6410還有關(guān)的,后續(xù)要注意。
在使用過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)root和個(gè)人的PATH環(huán)境變量值不一樣如下圖:
圖2
在此先記錄下來
etc/bash.bashrc
export JAVA_HOME=/home/kandi/jdk1.6.0_45
export JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre
export CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib:$CLASSPATH
ARM_CROSS2008=/root/arm-2008q3
#ARM_CROSS2009=/root/arm-2009q3
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH:$JRE_HOME/bin:$ARM_CROSS2008/bin
#export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH:$JRE_HOME/bin:$ARM_CROSS2009/bin
總結(jié)
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