ubuntu编译安装php5 mysql nginx
一、首先下載軟件源碼包
wget http://sysoev.ru/nginx/nginx-0.8.53.tar.gz
wget http:/.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/php/php-5.2.10.tar.gz
wget http:/.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/phpfpm/php-5.2.10-fpm-0.5.11.diff.gz
wget http:/.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mysql/mysql-5.1.38.tar.gz
wget http:/.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/libiconv/libiconv-1.13.tar.gz
wget http:/.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
wget http:/.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
wget http:/.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/memcache/memcache-2.2.5.tgz
wget http:/.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
wget http:/.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/pcre/pcre-7.9.tar.gz
wget http:/.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/eaccelerator/eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2
wget http:/.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/pdo/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
wget http:/.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/ImageMagick.tar.gz
wget http:/.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/imagick-2.2.2.tgz
二、安裝PHP 5.2.10（FastCGI模式）
1、首先安裝PHP 5.2.10所需的支持庫
tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.13/
./configure –prefix=/usr/local
make
make install
cd ..
tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/
./configure
make
make install
cd ..
#在make中途出錯的話， apt-get install g++ ，然后重新再做一邊
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la ?/usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1
tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
cd mcrypt-2.6.8/
/sbin/ldconfig
./configure
make
make install
cd ..
2、編譯安裝MySQL 5.1.38
添加mysql用戶組和用戶
/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql
/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql
tar zxvf mysql-5.1.38.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.1.38/
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/ –enable-assembler –with-extra-charsets=complex –enable-thread-safe-client –with-big-tables –with-readline –with-ssl –with-embedded-server –enable-local-infile –with-plugins=innobase
make && make install
chmod +w /usr/local/webserver/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/webserver/mysql
cd ..
#如果編譯過程中出現如下錯誤
#checking for tgetent in -ltermcap… no
#checking for termcap functions library… configure: error: No curses/termcap library found
#說明 curses/termcap 庫沒有安裝去下載一個ncurses-5.6.tar.gz，
#wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/ncurses/ncurses-5.6.tar.gz
#tar zxvf ncurses-5.6.tar.gz
#cd ncurses-5.6
# ./configure –prefix=/usr –with-shared –without-debug
# make
# make install clean
#然后再重新編譯Mysql進行安裝。
#如果又遇到如下錯誤：
make[2]: *** [do_abi_check] 錯誤 1
make[2]: Leaving directory `/tmp/mysql-5.5.3-m3′
make[1]: *** [abi_check] 錯誤 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/tmp/mysql-5.5.3-m3′
make: *** [all-recursive] 錯誤 1
#在網上搜了一下，說是Mysql的一個Bug,解決方法是打開Makefile將do_abi_check:后面的語句刪除，注意do_abi_check:需要留下來，然后再 make && make install
附：以下為附加步驟，如果你想在這臺服務器上運行MySQL數據庫，則執行以下兩步。如果你只是希望讓PHP支持MySQL擴展庫，能夠連接其他服務器上的MySQL數據庫，那么，以下兩步無需執行。
1)、創建MySQL數據庫存放目錄
mkdir -p /var/webserver/mysql/3306/data
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/webserver/mysql/3306
2)、以mysql用戶帳號的身份建立數據表：
/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db –basedir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql –datadir=/var/webserver/mysql/3306/data –user=mysql
3)、創建my.cnf配置文件：
vim /var/webserver/mysql/3306/my.cnf
輸入以下內容：
[client]
default-character-set = utf8
port ? ?= 3306
socket ?= /tmp/mysql.sock
[mysql]
prompt=”(\u:blog.s135.com:)[\d]> ”
no-auto-rehash
[mysqld]
#default-character-set = utf8
user ? ?= mysql
port ? ?= 3306
socket ?= /tmp/mysql.sock
basedir = /usr/local/webserver/mysql
datadir = /var/webserver/mysql/3306/data
open_files_limit ? ?= 10240
back_log = 600
max_connections = 3000
max_connect_errors = 6000
table_cache = 614
external-locking = FALSE
max_allowed_packet = 32M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
join_buffer_size = 2M
thread_cache_size = 300
thread_concurrency = 8
query_cache_size = 32M
query_cache_limit = 2M
query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k
default-storage-engine = MyISAM
default_table_type = MyISAM
thread_stack = 192K
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
tmp_table_size = 246M
max_heap_table_size = 246M
long_query_time = 1
log_long_format
log-bin = /var/webserver/mysql/3306/binlog
binlog_cache_size = 4M
binlog_format = MIXED
max_binlog_cache_size = 8M
max_binlog_size = 512M
expire_logs_days = 7
key_buffer_size = 256M
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_max_extra_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
myisam_recover
skip-name-resolve
#master-connect-retry = 10
slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062,126,1114,1146,1048,1396
server-id = 1
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2048M ?#如果啟動不了Mysql把它改為1024或者增大swap分區的大小
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1024M:autoextend
innodb_file_io_threads = 4
innodb_thread_concurrency = 8
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_log_file_size = 128M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
innodb_file_per_table = 0
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 32M
4)、創建管理MySQL數據庫的shell腳本：
vim /etc/init.d/mysql
輸入以下內容：
#!/bin/sh
mysql_port=3306
mysql_username=”root”
mysql_password=”root”
function_start_mysql()
{
printf “Starting MySQL…\n”
/bin/sh /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe –defaults-file=/var/webserver/mysql/${mysql_port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &
}
function_stop_mysql()
{
printf “Stoping MySQL…\n”
/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password} -S /tmp/mysql.sock shutdown
}
function_restart_mysql()
{
printf “Restarting MySQL…\n”
function_stop_mysql
sleep 5
function_start_mysql
}
function_kill_mysql()
{
kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep ‘bin/mysqld_safe’ | grep ${mysql_port} | awk ‘{printf $2}’)
kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep ‘libexec/mysqld’ | grep ${mysql_port} | awk ‘{printf $2}’)
}
if [ "$1" = "start" ]; then
function_start_mysql
elif [ "$1" = "stop" ]; then
function_stop_mysql
elif [ "$1" = "restart" ]; then
function_restart_mysql
elif [ "$1" = "kill" ]; then
function_kill_mysql
else
printf “Usage: /var/webserver/mysql/${mysql_port}/mysql {start|stop|restart|kill}\n”
fi
5)、添加執行權限
sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql
6)、添加mysql服務(ubuntu),并啟動服務添加自定義shell命令
#添加mysql服務
sudo update-rc.d mysql defaults 100
#啟動mysql服務
service mysql start
#添加自寫義shell命令，方便進入mysql
sudo vim ~/.bashrc
#在最后一行加入以下內容
mysql () {
/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqlr
}
#讓其立即生效
source ~/.bashrc
7)、登陸mysql以上添加好之后，直接輸入mysql就可以登陸進去了
8)、輸入以下SQL語句，創建一個具有root權限的用戶
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘root’@'localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ”;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘root’@’127.0.0.1′ IDENTIFIED BY ”;
3、編譯安裝PHP（FastCGI模式）
tar zxvf php-5.2.10.tar.gz
gzip -cd php-5.2.10-fpm-0.5.11.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.10 -p1
cd php-5.2.10/
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/webserver/php –with-config-file-path=/usr/local/webserver/php/etc –with-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql –with-mysqli=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_config –with-iconv-dir=/usr/local –with-freetype-dir –with-jpeg-dir –with-png-dir –with-zlib –with-libxml-dir=/usr –enable-xml –disable-rpath –enable-discard-path –enable-safe-mode –enable-bcmath –enable-shmop –enable-sysvsem –enable-inline-optimization –with-curl –with-curlwrappers –enable-mbregex –enable-fastcgi –enable-fpm –enable-force-cgi-redirect –enable-mbstring –with-mcrypt –with-gd –enable-gd-native-ttf –with-openssl –with-mhash –enable-pcntl –enable-sockets –with-ldap –with-ldap-sasl –with-xmlrpc –enable-zip –enable-soap –without-pear
#如果出現下面的錯誤提示
#checking for xml2-config… no
#checking for xml-config… no
#configure: error: XML configuration could not be found
#安裝 ?apt-get install libxml2-dev
#如果出現下面的錯誤提示
#checking for pkg-config… /usr/bin/pkg-config
#configure: error: Cannot find OpenSSL’s <evp.h>
#安裝 ? apt-get install libssl-dev”
#如果出現下面的錯誤提示
#checking for cURL in default path… not found
#configure: error: Please reinstall the libcurl distribution – ?easy.h should be in <curl-dir>/include/curl/
#安裝: ?apt-get install libcurl4-gnutls-dev
#如果出現:
#configure: error: libjpeg.(a|so) not found.
#安裝: ?apt-get install libjpeg-dev
#如果出現:
#configure: error: libpng.(a|so) not found.
#安裝: ?apt-get install libpng12-dev
#如果出現:configure: error: freetype.h not found.
#安裝: ?apt-get install libfreetype6-dev
#如果出現:configure: error: sasl.h not found!
#安裝: ?apt-get install libsasl2-dev
如果出現:
+——————————————————————–+
| ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? *** ATTENTION *** ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?|
| ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?|
| Something is likely to be messed up here, because the configure ? ?|
| script was not able to detect a simple feature on your platform. ? |
| This is often caused by incorrect configuration parameters. Please |
| see the file debug.log for error messages. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? |
| ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?|
| If you are unable to fix this, send the file debug.log to the ? ? ?|
| php-install@lists.php.net mailing list and include appropiate ? ? ?|
| information about your setup. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?|
+——————————————————————–+
| License: ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? |
| This software is subject to the PHP License, available in this ? ? |
| distribution in the file LICENSE. ?By continuing this installation |
| process, you are bound by the terms of this license agreement. ? ? |
| If you do not agree with the terms of this license, you must abort |
| the installation process at this point. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?|
+——————————————————————–+
Thank you for using PHP.
#到php安裝程序目錄(編譯PHP的目錄)去查看debug.log最后幾行如果有以下警告
A ? conftest.c:3: warning: incompatible implicit declaration of built-in function ‘exit’
B ? ./conftest: error while loading shared libraries: libmysqlclient.so.16: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
#增加LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql到環境變量,方法為編輯/etc/profile文 件,添 加:export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/lib/mysql
#如果不想重啟使用 . /etc/profile 就可以了，注意.和/etc中間有空格,然后再重新編譯
make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS=’-liconv’
make install
#復制配置好的php.ini到/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/目錄下
cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
cd ..
#curl http://pear.php.net/go-pear | /usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php
4、編譯安裝PHP5擴展模塊
tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz
cd memcache-2.2.5/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure –with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ..
#如果出現:
#Cannot find autoconf. Please check your autoconf installation and the
#$PHP_AUTOCONF environment variable. Then, rerun this script.
#安裝:
#sudo apt-get install m4
#sudo apt-get install autoconf
#或者直接:
#sudo apt-get install autoconf
#因為autoconf 依賴于m4,所以會自動下載解決這個依賴關系.
tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2
cd eaccelerator-0.9.5.3/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure –enable-eaccelerator=shared –with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ..
tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure –with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config –with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql
make
make install
cd ..
tar zxvf ImageMagick.tar.gz
cd ImageMagick-6.5.1-2/
./configure
make
make install
cd ..
#如果執行make時出錯，信息提示如下：
#/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lperl
#collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
#make[2]: *** [blib/arch/auto/Image/Magick/Magick.so] 錯誤 1
#make[2]:正在離開目錄 `/home/ouyangjunqiu/下載/ImageMagick-6.5.1-2/PerlMagick’
#make[1]: *** [all-perl] 錯誤 2
#make[1]:正在離開目錄 `/home/ouyangjunqiu/下載/ImageMagick-6.5.1-2′
#make: *** [all] 錯誤 2
#有兩種解決方法
#1.在配置的時候加個。。
#./configure –without-perl
#2.安裝庫文件
#apt-get install libperl-dev
#安裝完成后驗證一下是否能正常工作輸入convert -version 如果出現如下錯誤:
convert: error while loading shared libraries: libMagickCore.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
＃我們需要把安裝目錄下缺失的文件，用ln鏈接到/usr/lib目錄下
#ln -s /usr/local/lib/libMagickCore.so.2 /usr/lib
#然后可以使用convert ?xx.jpg ?xx.gif 把jpg的圖片轉換為gif看看能不能正常使用
tar zxvf imagick-2.2.2.tgz
cd imagick-2.2.2/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure –with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ..
5、修改php.ini文件
手工修改：查找/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = “./”
修改為extension_dir = “/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/”
并在此行后增加以下幾行，然后保存：
extension = “memcache.so”
extension = “pdo_mysql.so”
extension = “imagick.so”
再查找output_buffering = Off
修改為output_buffering = On
6、配置eAccelerator加速PHP：
mkdir -p /usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache
vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
按shift+g鍵跳到配置文件的最末尾，加上以下配置信息：
[eaccelerator]
zend_extension=”/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so”
eaccelerator.shm_size=”64″
eaccelerator.cache_dir=”/usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache”
eaccelerator.enable=”1″
eaccelerator.optimizer=”1″
eaccelerator.check_mtime=”1″
eaccelerator.debug=”0″
eaccelerator.filter=”"
eaccelerator.shm_max=”0″
eaccelerator.shm_ttl=”3600″
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period=”3600″
eaccelerator.shm_only=”0″
eaccelerator.compress=”1″
eaccelerator.compress_level=”9″
7、創建www用戶和組：
/usr/sbin/groupadd www
/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www
mkdir -p /var/webserver/www
chmod +w /var/webserver/www
chown -R www:www /var/webserver/www
8、創建php-fpm配置文件（php-fpm是為PHP打的一個FastCGI管理補丁，可以平滑變更php.ini配置而無需重啟php-cgi）：
在/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/目錄中創建php-fpm.conf文件：
rm -rf /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
輸入以下內容（如果您安裝 Nginx + PHP 用于程序調試，請將以下的<value name=”display_errors”>0</value>改為<value name=”display_errors”>1</value>，以便顯示PHP錯誤信息，否則，Nginx 會報狀態為500的空白錯誤頁）：
<?xml version=”1.0″ ?>
<configuration>
All relative paths in this config are relative to php’s install prefix
<section name=”global_options”>
Pid file
<value name=”pid_file”>/usr/local/webserver/php/logs/php-fpm.pid</value>
Error log file
<value name=”error_log”>/usr/local/webserver/php/logs/php-fpm.log</value>
Log level
<value name=”log_level”>notice</value>
When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS …
<value name=”emergency_restart_threshold”>10</value>
… in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated.
Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator’s shared memory.
<value name=”emergency_restart_interval”>1m</value>
Time limit on waiting child’s reaction on signals from master
<value name=”process_control_timeout”>5s</value>
Set to ‘no’ to debug fpm
<value name=”daemonize”>yes</value>
</section>
<workers>
<section name=”pool”>
Name of pool. Used in logs and stats.
<value name=”name”>default</value>
Address to accept fastcgi requests on.
Valid syntax is ‘ip.ad.re.ss:port’ or just ‘port’ or ‘/path/to/unix/socket’
<value name=”listen_address”>127.0.0.1:9000</value>
<value name=”listen_options”>
Set listen(2) backlog
<value name=”backlog”>-1</value>
Set permissions for unix socket, if one used.
In Linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server.
Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.
<value name=”owner”></value>
<value name=”group”></value>
<value name=”mode”>0666</value>
</value>
Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers.
<value name=”php_defines”>
<value name=”sendmail_path”>/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i</value>
<value name=”display_errors”>1</value>
</value>
Unix user of processes
<value name=”user”>www</value>
Unix group of processes
<value name=”group”>www</value>
Process manager settings
<value name=”pm”>
Sets style of controling worker process count.
Valid values are ‘static’ and ‘apache-like’
<value name=”style”>static</value>
Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served.
Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive.
Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi
Used with any pm_style.
<value name=”max_children”>128</value>
Settings group for ‘apache-like’ pm style
<value name=”apache_like”>
Sets the number of server processes created on startup.
Used only when ‘apache-like’ pm_style is selected
<value name=”StartServers”>20</value>
Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes.
Used only when ‘apache-like’ pm_style is selected
<value name=”MinSpareServers”>5</value>
Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes.
Used only when ‘apache-like’ pm_style is selected
<value name=”MaxSpareServers”>35</value>
</value>
</value>
The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated
Should be used when ‘max_execution_time’ ini option does not stop script execution for some reason
’0s’ means ‘off’
<value name=”request_terminate_timeout”>0s</value>
The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file
’0s’ means ‘off’
<value name=”request_slowlog_timeout”>0s</value>
The log file for slow requests
<value name=”slowlog”>logs/slow.log</value>
Set open file desc rlimit
<value name=”rlimit_files”>65535</value>
Set max core size rlimit
<value name=”rlimit_core”>0</value>
Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path
<value name=”chroot”></value>
Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path
<value name=”chdir”></value>
Redirect workers’ stdout and stderr into main error log.
If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs
<value name=”catch_workers_output”>yes</value>
How much requests each process should execute before respawn.
Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries.
For endless request processing please specify 0
Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS
<value name=”max_requests”>102400</value>
Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect.
Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+)
Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket.
<value name=”allowed_clients”>127.0.0.1</value>
Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH
All $VARIABLEs are taken from current environment
<value name=”environment”>
<value name=”HOSTNAME”>$HOSTNAME</value>
<value name=”PATH”>/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin</value>
<value name=”TMP”>/tmp</value>
<value name=”TMPDIR”>/tmp</value>
<value name=”TEMP”>/tmp</value>
<value name=”OSTYPE”>$OSTYPE</value>
<value name=”MACHTYPE”>$MACHTYPE</value>
<value name=”MALLOC_CHECK_”>2</value>
</value>
</section>
</workers>
</configuration>
9、啟動php-cgi進程，監聽127.0.0.1的9000端口，進程數為200（如果服務器內存小于3GB，可以只開啟64個進程)
ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm start
注：/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm還有其他參數，包 括：start|stop|quit|restart|reload|logrotate，修改php.ini后不重啟php-cgi，重新加載配置文件 使用reload。
三、安裝Nginx 0.8.53
1、安裝Nginx所需的pcre庫：
tar zxvf pcre-7.9.tar.gz
cd pcre-7.9/
./configure
make && make install
cd ..
2、安裝Nginx
tar zxvf nginx-0.8.53.tar.gz
cd nginx-0.8.53/
./configure –user=www –group=www –prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx –with-http_stub_status_module –with-http_ssl_module
make && make install
cd ..
3、創建Nginx日志目錄
mkdir -p /var/log/nginx
chmod +w /var/log/nginx
chown -R www:www /var/log/nginx
4、創建Nginx配置文件
1、在/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/目錄中創建nginx.conf文件：
rm -f /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
輸入以下內容：
user ?www www;
worker_processes 2;
error_log ?/var/log/nginx/nginx_error.log;
pid ? ? ? ?/var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections ?1024;
}
http {
include ? ? ? /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/mime.types;
default_type ?application/octet-stream;
log_format ?main ?’$remote_addr – $remote_user [$time_local] “$request “‘
‘$status $body_bytes_sent “$http_referer” ‘
‘”$http_user_agent” “$http_x_forwarded_for”‘;
access_log ?/var/log/nginx/access.log ?main;
sendfile ? ? ? ?on;
autoindex off;
map $scheme $fastcgi_https { ## Detect when HTTPS is used
default off;
https on;
}
keepalive_timeout ?10;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffers 8 128k;
gzip ?on;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_proxied any;
#gzip_types ? text/plain text/html text/css application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript;
# Load config files from the /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/conf.d directory
include ?/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/conf.d/*.conf;
}
添加虛似主機(注：因本人要使用Magento所以下面有的東西是給Magento寫的，這只是個例子)
vim /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/conf.d/zozhang.test.conf
寫下配置文件
server {
listen 80;
server_name zozhang.test;
#下面這包主要是給沒有加www的添加www,由于是本地測試，就不啟用了。
#rewrite / $scheme://www.$host$request_uri permanent; ## Forcibly prepend a www
}
server {
listen 80 default; #default 所的配置文件中，只能定義一個;
server_name zozhang.test; ## Domain is here twice so server_name_in_redirect will favour the www
root /var/webserver/www/test;
location / {
index index.html index.php; ## Allow a static html file to be shown first
try_files $uri $uri/ @handler; ## If missing pass the URI to Magento’s front handler
expires 30d; ## Assume all files are cachable
}
location /minify/ { ## Needed for Fooman Speedster
rewrite ^/minify/([0-9]+)(/.*\.(js|css))$ /lib/minify/m.php?f=$2&d=$1 last;
}
## These locations would be hidden by .htaccess normally
location /app/ ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?{ deny all; }
location /includes/ ? ? ? ? ? { deny all; }
location /lib/ ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?{ deny all; }
location /lib/minify/ ? ? ? ? { allow all; } ?## Deny is applied after rewrites so must specifically allow minify
location /media/downloadable/ { deny all; }
location /pkginfo/ ? ? ? ? ? ?{ deny all; }
location /report/config.xml ? { deny all; }
location /var/ ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?{ deny all; }
location /var/export/ { ## Allow admins only to view export folder
auth_basic ? ? ? ? ? “Restricted”; ## Message shown in login window
auth_basic_user_file htpasswd; ## See /usr/local/webserver/nginx/confhtpassword
autoindex ? ? ? ? ? ?on;
}
location ?/. { ## Disable .htaccess and other hidden files
return 404;
}
location @handler { ## Magento uses a common front handler
rewrite / /index.php;
}
location ~ \.php/ { ## Forward paths like /js/index.php/x.js to relevant handler
rewrite ^(.*\.php)/ $1 last;
}
location ~ \.php$ { ## Execute PHP scripts
expires ? ? ? ?off; ## Do not cache dynamic content
fastcgi_pass ? 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_param ?HTTPS $fastcgi_https;
fastcgi_param ?SCRIPT_FILENAME ?$document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include ? ? ? ?fastcgi_params; ## See /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params
}
}
2、在/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/目錄中創建fcgi.conf文件：
vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/fcgi.conf
輸入以下內容：
fastcgi_param ?GATEWAY_INTERFACE ?CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param ?SERVER_SOFTWARE ? ?nginx;
fastcgi_param ?QUERY_STRING ? ? ? $query_string;
fastcgi_param ?REQUEST_METHOD ? ? $request_method;
fastcgi_param ?CONTENT_TYPE ? ? ? $content_type;
fastcgi_param ?CONTENT_LENGTH ? ? $content_length;
fastcgi_param ?SCRIPT_FILENAME ? ?$document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param ?SCRIPT_NAME ? ? ? ?$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param ?REQUEST_URI ? ? ? ?$request_uri;
fastcgi_param ?DOCUMENT_URI ? ? ? $document_uri;
fastcgi_param ?DOCUMENT_ROOT ? ? ?$document_root;
fastcgi_param ?SERVER_PROTOCOL ? ?$server_protocol;
fastcgi_param ?REMOTE_ADDR ? ? ? ?$remote_addr;
fastcgi_param ?REMOTE_PORT ? ? ? ?$remote_port;
fastcgi_param ?SERVER_ADDR ? ? ? ?$server_addr;
fastcgi_param ?SERVER_PORT ? ? ? ?$server_port;
fastcgi_param ?SERVER_NAME ? ? ? ?$server_name;
# PHP only, required if PHP was built with –enable-force-cgi-redirect
fastcgi_param ?REDIRECT_STATUS ? ?200;
5、啟動Nginx
ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx
＃啟動過程中如果提示：/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx: error while loading shared libraries: libpcre.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
＃解決方法，在/lib中創建一個symbol link到/usr/local/lib/libpcre.so.0
＃ ln -s ?/usr/local/lib/libpcre.so.0 ?/lib
四、配置開機自動啟動Nginx + PHP
vi /etc/rc.local
在末尾增加以下內容：
ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm start
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx
創建Nginx管理腳本(啟動、停止、配置、重啟)
################################################
#!/bin/bash
# v.0.0.3
# create by jackbillow at 2007.10.15
# redevelop by XGuru at 2010.6.28
# On Ubuntu 10.04
# nginx – This shell script takes care of starting and stopping nginx.
#
# description: nginx [engine x] is light http web/proxy server
# that answers incoming ftp service requests.
###############################################
nginx_path=”/usr/local/webserver/nginx/” ?#配置nginx安裝路徑
nginx_pid=”/usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/nginx.pid”
prog=”nginx”
RETVAL=0
start() {
# Start daemons.
if [ -e $nginx_path/conf/nginx.conf ];then
echo -n $”Starting $prog: ”
$nginx_path/sbin/nginx -c $nginx_path/conf/nginx.conf &
RETVAL=$?
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && {
echo Start “$prog” successfully!
}
else
RETVAL=1
fi
return $RETVAL
}
# Stop daemons.
stop() {
echo -n $”Stopping $prog\n”
sudo killall -9 nginx
RETVAL=$?
}
# See how we were called.
conf(){
vim “$nginx_path/conf/nginx.conf” ? #這里請設置要使用什么方式打開配置文件，我使用的是vim
}
case “$1″ in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
conf)
conf
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
*)
echo $”Usage: $0 {start|stop|conf|restart}”
echo $”Your may need root privilege to execute this script!”
exit 1
esac
exit $RETVAL
六、在不停止Nginx服務的情況下平滑變更Nginx配置
1、修改/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf配置文件后，請執行以下命令檢查配置文件是否正確：
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
如果屏幕顯示以下兩行信息，說明配置文件正確：
the configuration file /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
the configuration file /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf was tested successfully
2、這時，輸入以下命令查看Nginx主進程號：
ps -ef | grep “nginx: master process” | grep -v “grep” | awk -F ‘ ‘ ‘{print $2}’
屏幕顯示的即為Nginx主進程號，例如：
6302
這時，執行以下命令即可使修改過的Nginx配置文件生效：
kill -HUP 6302
或者無需這么麻煩，找到Nginx的Pid文件：
kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid`
七、編寫每天定時切割Nginx日志的腳本
1、創建腳本/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh
vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh
輸入以下內容：
#!/bin/bash
# This script run at 00:00
# The Nginx logs path
logs_path=”/usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/”
mkdir -p ${logs_path}$(date -d “yesterday” +”%Y”)/$(date -d “yesterday” +”%m”)/
mv ${logs_path}access.log ${logs_path}$(date -d “yesterday” +”%Y”)/$(date -d “yesterday” +”%m”)/access_$(date -d “yesterday” +”%Y%m%d”).log
kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid`
2、設置crontab，每天凌晨00:00切割nginx訪問日志
crontab -e
輸入以下內容：
00 00 * * * /bin/bash ?/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh
轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/xiao-yu/archive/2011/05/24/2055968.html
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