對(duì)于搭建ftp環(huán)境是新手最早要接觸的一個(gè)部分,在搭建之前,我看了很多資料搜索了很多關(guān)于這塊的配置和解說(shuō),大部分都是大同小異的,很多可能對(duì)于剛剛接觸的人來(lái)說(shuō)還是有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的難理解，但是在經(jīng)過(guò)自己的摸索和朋友的指導(dǎo)后,基本對(duì)這塊有了很多的認(rèn)識(shí)。（最重要的是：不知道就要多找多問(wèn)）直接開(kāi)始說(shuō)吧

一般在各種linux的發(fā)行版中，默認(rèn)帶有的ftp軟件是vsftp，從各個(gè)linux發(fā)行版對(duì)vsftp的認(rèn)可可以看出，vsftp應(yīng)該是一款不錯(cuò)的ftp軟件。 （1）檢查vsftpd軟件是否安裝 使用如下命令可以檢測(cè)出是否安裝了vsftpd軟件，rpm -qa |grep vsftpd，我的linux自帶的就是vsftpd-2.2.2-6.el6.x86_64。 ????? 如果沒(méi)有安裝的話可以百度直接下載，只要網(wǎng)速給力就好，都不是很大！！

（2）vsftpd軟件的使用

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使用vsftpd軟件，主要包括如下幾個(gè)命令：

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????????????????啟動(dòng)ftp：service vsftpd start

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????????????????停止ftp：service vsftpd stop

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????????????????重啟ftp：service vsftpd restart

或者使用帶有路徑的命令：

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（3）vsftpd的配置

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ftp的配置文件主要有三個(gè)，在centos5.6中位于/etc/vsftpd/目錄下，分別是：

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ftpusers????該文件用來(lái)指定那些用戶不能訪問(wèn)ftp服務(wù)器。

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user_list???該文件用來(lái)指示的默認(rèn)賬戶在默認(rèn)情況下也不能訪問(wèn)ftp

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vsftpd.conf???vsftpd的主配置文件

????（4）使用vi編輯vsftpd.conf文件

?1.vsftpd.conf文件說(shuō)明

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

#

# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file

# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.

# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.

#

# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.

# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's

# capabilities.

#

# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).

anonymous_enable=YES??//是否允許anonymous登錄FTP服務(wù)器,默認(rèn)是允許的.

#

# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.

local_enable=YES?//是否允許本地用戶登錄FTP服務(wù)器,默認(rèn)是允許

#

# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.

write_enable=YES??//是否允許用戶具有在FTP服務(wù)器文件中執(zhí)行寫(xiě)的權(quán)限,默認(rèn)是允許

#

# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,

# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)

local_umask=022 //設(shè)置本地用戶的文件生成掩碼為022,默認(rèn)是077

#

# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only

# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will

# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.

#anon_upload_enable=YES

#

# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create

# new directories.

#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES??//是否允許匿名賬戶在FTP服務(wù)器中創(chuàng)建目錄

#

# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they

# go into a certain directory.

dirmessage_enable=YES //激活目錄信息,當(dāng)遠(yuǎn)程用戶更改目錄時(shí),將出現(xiàn)提示信息

#

# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.

xferlog_enable=YES??//啟用上傳和下載日志功能

#

# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).

connect_from_port_20=YES???//啟用FTP數(shù)據(jù)端口的連接請(qǐng)求

#

# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by

# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not

# recommended!

#chown_uploads=YES

#chown_username=whoever

#

# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown

# below.

#xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log??//設(shè)置日志文件的文件名和存儲(chǔ)路徑,這是默認(rèn)的

#

# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format

xferlog_std_format=YES//是否使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的ftpd xferlog日志文件格式

#

# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.

#idle_session_timeout=600??//設(shè)置空閑的用戶會(huì)話中斷時(shí)間,默認(rèn)是10分鐘

#

# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.

#data_connection_timeout=120//設(shè)置數(shù)據(jù)連接超時(shí)時(shí)間,默認(rèn)是120秒.

#

# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the

# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.

#nopriv_user=ftpsecure

#

# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not

# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,

# however, may confuse older FTP clients.

#async_abor_enable=YES

#

# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore

# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII

# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.

# Beware that turning on ascii_download_enable enables malicious remote parties

# to consume your I/O resources, by issuing the command "SIZE /big/file" in

# ASCII mode.

# These ASCII options are split into upload and download because you may wish

# to enable ASCII uploads (to prevent uploaded scripts etc. from breaking),

# without the DoS risk of SIZE and ASCII downloads. ASCII mangling should be

# on the client anyway..

#ascii_upload_enable=YES

#ascii_download_enable=YES?//是否允許使用ASCII格式來(lái)上傳和下載文件

#

# You may fully customise the login banner string:

#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.//在FTP服務(wù)器中設(shè)置歡迎登錄的信息.

#

# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently

# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.

#deny_email_enable=YES

# (default follows)

#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd.banned_emails

#

# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home

# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of

# users to NOT chroot().

#chroot_list_enable=YES?//如果希望用戶登錄后不能切換到自己目錄以外的其它目錄,需要設(shè)置該項(xiàng),如果設(shè)置chroot_list_enable=YES,那么只允許/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list中列出的用戶具有該功能.如果希望所有的本地用戶都執(zhí)行者chroot,可以增加一行:chroot_local_user=YES

# (default follows)

#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list

#

# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by

# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large

# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume

# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.

#ls_recurse_enable=YES

pam_service_name=vsftpd??//設(shè)置PAM認(rèn)證服務(wù)的配置文件名稱,該文件存放在/etc/pam.d/目錄下.

userlist_enable=YES?//用戶列表中的用戶是否允許登錄FTP服務(wù)器,默認(rèn)是不允許

#enable for standalone mode

listen=YES??//使vsftpd?處于獨(dú)立啟動(dòng)模式

tcp_wrappers=YES??//使用tcp_wrqppers作為主機(jī)訪問(wèn)控制方式

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??????另外兩個(gè)文件是將用戶加入進(jìn)去后就不能登錄，這個(gè)按自己的要求去修改添加

??對(duì)于剛接觸這塊的時(shí)候可以不用修改上面的配置文件,不修改的話是匿名可以直接登入，不需要帳號(hào)和密碼，可以先試試（有的可能在web上登入不上，檢查下你的實(shí)體機(jī)和虛擬機(jī)的防火墻是否關(guān)閉，關(guān)閉后再測(cè)試）

??ftp://xxx.xxx.xx.xx

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六、添加用戶? 以上是對(duì)于匿名登錄后的顯示結(jié)果，添加帳號(hào)首先要對(duì)vsftpd.conf 編輯 anonymous_enable=YES修改為anonymous_enable=NO ?不允許匿名用戶登錄 然后是添加用戶 useradd -d /home/test -g ftp test passwd test /etc/init.d/iptables stop ???? setenforce 0 ???????????????關(guān)閉selinux /etc/init.d/vsftpd stop? /etc/init.d/vsftpd start? cd /home/test/ cd /home/test ls echo "1" > 1.txt ??????????添加 1 文本文檔 （如果不行，請(qǐng)檢查防火墻，如果你用的是虛擬機(jī)先關(guān)閉：service iptables stop，之后也關(guān)閉物理機(jī)的防火墻） 基本上大致就是這樣,這也是自己的一段見(jiàn)解，每個(gè)人的安裝方式不一樣，如有不對(duì)的地方可隨時(shí)提出

轉(zhuǎn)載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/L-H-R-X-hehe/p/3788399.html

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