举例说明使用MATLAB Coder从MATLAB生成C/C++代码步骤
?MATLAB Coder可以從MATLAB代碼生成獨立的、可讀性強、可移植的C/C++代碼。
使用MATLAB Coder產生代碼的3個步驟:準備用于產生代碼的MATLAB算法;檢查MATLAB代碼的兼容性(有些matlab代碼語句并不能生成c/c++代碼);產生最終使用的源代碼或MEX。
利用MATLAB Coder生成c++代碼,并在vs2008中驗證:
一個簡單的例子,兩數相乘:
1、安裝matlab2011a或者更新版本;
2、簡單生成一個foo.m文件;
function c = foo(a, b)%#codegen
%This function muliplies a and b
c = a * b
其中,%#codegen可以防止出現警告錯誤
3、在命令窗口,輸入mex -setpu,選中一個存在的編譯器;
4、在命令窗口輸入coder(圖形界面),回車,彈出MATLAB Coder Project對話框;
5、在New選項卡Name中輸入一個工程名foo.prj;點擊Ok,彈出MATLAB Coder MEX Function對話框;
6、在Overview選項卡中,點擊Add files,彈出對話框,選中foo.m打開;
7、單擊變量a,選擇Define by Example…,彈出MATLAB Coder Define by Example對話框,在MATLAB Expression中輸入5,點擊OK;同樣變量b也進行相應操作,輸入6;
8、選中Build選項卡,Output type中選擇c/c++ Static Library;選中Generate code only;
9、點擊More settings,GeneralàLanguage選擇C++;Interface選項中去掉所有選項;Close;
10、點擊Build,進行編譯;點擊View report,彈出Code Generation Report對話框,此時,變量a、b、c會顯示相應的變量信息;
11、利用vs2008建立一個控制臺應用程序,將生成的相關文件foo.h、foo.cpp、rtwtypes.h、foo_types.h拷到相關目錄下并添加到應用程序中;
12、在foo.cpp文件中添加#include “stdafx.h”;
13、test.cpp文件中代碼為:
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "foo.h"
#include <iostream>
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using namespace std;
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int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
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??? double a = 0.0, b = 0.0, c = 0.0;
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??? cin>>a>>b;
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??? c = foo(a, b);
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??? cout<<"c = "<<c<<endl;
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??? return 0;
}
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一個復雜的例子,求一個數的n次方根:
1、? 兩個.m文件:
nrt.m:
function [nth_rt, iterations, hstry] = nrt(varargin)%#codegen
%This function will use a Newton Search Technique to find
%the nth root of a number, a, to the tolerance, tol.
%The square root
% nrt(10, 2), or nrt(10, 2, 1e-9)
%The "n" root
%nrt(10, n), or nrt(10, n, 1e-9)
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a = varargin{1};
n = varargin{2};
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if nargin ~= 3
??? tol = 1e-9;
else
??? tol = varargin{3};
end
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if a < 0
??? nth_rt = 0;
??? iterations = 0;
??? hstry = 0;
else
??? [nth_rt, hstry] = newtonSearchAlgorithm(a, n, tol);
??? iterations = length(find(hstry ~= 0));
??? %iterations = sum(hstry ~= 0);
end
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newtonSearchAlgorithm.m:
function [x, h] = newtonSearchAlgorithm(b, n, tol) %#codegen
%Given, "a", this function finds the nth root of a
%number by finding where: x^n-a = 0
coder.inline('never'); %使其生成一個單獨的c++文件
notDone = 1;
aNew??? = 0; %Refined Guess Initialization
a?????? = 1; %Initial Guess
cnt???? = 0;
h = zeros(50, 1);
h(1)??? = a;
while notDone
??? cnt = cnt + 1;
??? [curVal, slope] = f_and_df(a, b, n); %? square
??? yint = curVal - slope * a;
??? aNew = -yint / slope; %The new guess
??? h(cnt) = aNew;
??? if (abs(aNew-a) < tol) %Break if it's converged
??????? notDone = 0;
??? elseif cnt > 49 %after 50 iterations, stop
??????? notDone = 0;
??????? aNew = 0;
??? else
??????? a = aNew;
??? end
end
x = aNew;
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function [f, df] = f_and_df(a, b, n)
%Our function is f=a^n-b and it's derivative is n*a^(n-1).
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f? = a^n-b;
df = n*a^(n-1);
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2、? 在命令窗口輸入coder(圖形界面),回車,彈出MATLAB Coder Project對話框;
3、在New選項卡Name中輸入一個工程名nrt.prj;點擊Ok,彈出MATLAB Coder MEX Function對話框;
4、在Overview選項卡中,點擊Add files,彈出對話框,選中nrt.m打開;
5、添加三個輸入,分別為10、2、1e-9;兩個輸入也可以;
6、選中Build選項卡,Output type中選擇c/c++ Static Library;選中Generate code only;
7、點擊More settings,General-->Language選擇C++;Interface選項中去掉所有選項;Close;
8、點擊Build,進行編譯;點擊View report,彈出Code Generation Report對話框;
9、利用vs2008建立一個控制臺應用程序,將生成的相關文件nrt.cpp、nrt.h、newtonSearchAlgorithm.cpp、newtonSearchAlgorithm.h、nrt_types.h、rtwtypes.h拷到相關目錄下并添加到應用程序中;
10、分別在nrt.cpp、newtonSearchAlgorithm.cpp文件中添加#include “stdafx.h”;
11、test.cpp文件中代碼為:
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "nrt.h"
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#include <iostream>
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using namespace std;
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int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
??? double varargin_1 = 0, varargin_2 = 0, varargin_3 = 1e-9;
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??? cin>>varargin_1>>varargin_2;
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??? double nth_rt = 0, iterations = 0;
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??? double hstry_data[50] = {0};
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??? int hstry_sizes[1] = {0};
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??? nrt(varargin_1, varargin_2, varargin_3, &nth_rt, &iterations, hstry_data, hstry_sizes);
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??? cout<<"nth_rt = "<<nth_rt<<endl;
??? cout<<"iterations = "<<iterations<<endl;
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??? cout<<"hstry_data = "<<endl;
??? for (int i=0; i<50; i++)
??? {
??????? cout<<hstry_data[i]<<endl;
??? }
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??? cout<<"hstry_sizes = "<<hstry_sizes[0]<<endl;
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??? return 0;
}
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參考:
1、錄制的網上研討會的MATLAB Coder視頻
2、http://www.mathworks.cn/products/matlab-coder/
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