國(guó)家職業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)職業(yè)編碼查詢(xún)

by Amir Ghafouri

通過(guò)阿米爾·加富里(Amir Ghafouri)

為什么我學(xué)會(huì)編碼而不是從事金融職業(yè) (Why I learned to code instead of pursuing a career in finance)

Last year I faced a major life and career decision: commit to pursuing a Chartered Financial Analyst designation or spend my time learning to code online at a website called freeCodeCamp. The CFA institute had been around for decades and its designation was sought by some of the world’s most successful business people. freeCodeCamp had been around for just a couple of years with a few token members who claimed they had landed jobs as junior software developers.

去年，我面臨著一個(gè)重大的生活和職業(yè)決策：致力于追求特許金融分析師的稱(chēng)號(hào)，或者花時(shí)間在一個(gè)名為freeCodeCamp的網(wǎng)站上學(xué)習(xí)在線編碼。 CFA研究所已經(jīng)存在了幾十年，并且一些世界上最成功的商人正在尋求其任命。 freeCodeCamp成立僅兩年了，有一些代幣會(huì)員聲稱(chēng)他們找到了初級(jí)軟件開(kāi)發(fā)人員的工作。

I spent 4 years studying business at Western University, graduated with honors, and accumulated a mountain of student loan debt along the way. My GMAT score was in the 95th percentile if I ever wanted to pursue an MBA. Why would I give up on my field of academic study before I had even started my career?

我在西方大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)了4年的業(yè)務(wù)，以?xún)?yōu)異的成績(jī)畢業(yè)，并在此期間積累了大量的學(xué)生貸款債務(wù)。 如果我想攻讀MBA，我的GMAT成績(jī)?cè)诘?5個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。 為什么在我開(kāi)始事業(yè)之前就放棄學(xué)術(shù)研究？

After consulting with friends, family, and other professionals, the advice I received was unanimous. Learning to code online and becoming a software developer without a computer science degree or any background in engineering was crazy-person talk. I should hurry up and register for the CFA Level I exam.

與朋友，家人和其他專(zhuān)業(yè)人士進(jìn)行咨詢(xún)之后，我收到的建議是一致的。 在沒(méi)有計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)學(xué)位或任何工程背景的情況下，學(xué)習(xí)在線編碼并成為軟件開(kāi)發(fā)人員簡(jiǎn)直是瘋子。 我應(yīng)該趕快報(bào)名參加CFA I級(jí)考試。

軟件對(duì)于價(jià)值創(chuàng)造正變得至關(guān)重要 (Software is becoming crucial to value creation)

I had read the famous Marc Andreessen essay Why Software Is Eating The World, and 5 years later his message seemed only more true.

我讀過(guò)著名的馬克·安德森(Marc Andreessen)的論文《 為什么軟件正在吞噬世界》 ，五年后，他的信息似乎更加真實(shí)。

America’s largest industrial company, General Electric, had just announced that it was moving its headquarters. It was setting up in Boston’s tech hub in an effort to transform itself into a top 10 software company by 2020. CEO Jeff Immelt had some groundbreaking beliefs. He was convinced that the data they could capture while using their machinery might become more valuable than the machinery itself. GE needed to think of its competitors as Amazon and IBM. Later that year, he would announce that all new hires would learn to code (but I didn’t know that at the time).

美國(guó)最大的工業(yè)公司通用電氣剛剛宣布將搬遷總部。 它成立于波士頓的技術(shù)中心，以努力在2020年之前成為十大軟件公司 。 首席執(zhí)行官Jeff Immelt有一些突破性的信念。 他堅(jiān)信，他們?cè)谑褂脵C(jī)器時(shí)可以捕獲的數(shù)據(jù)可能比機(jī)器本身更有價(jià)值。 GE需要將其競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手視為Amazon和IBM。 那年下半年，他宣布所有新員工將學(xué)習(xí)編碼 (但當(dāng)時(shí)我還不知道)。

As the New York Times elaborated, “Employees companywide have been making pilgrimages to San Ramon for technology briefings, but also to soak in the culture. Their marching orders are to try to adapt the digital wizardry and hurry-up habits of Silicon Valley to G.E.’s world of industrial manufacturing.”

正如《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》所闡述的那樣 ：“全公司的員工一直在朝圣拉蒙(San Ramon)進(jìn)行朝圣，進(jìn)行技術(shù)簡(jiǎn)報(bào)，同時(shí)也沉浸在這種文化中。 他們的進(jìn)軍命令是試圖使數(shù)字化的巫術(shù)和匆忙的習(xí)慣適應(yīng)GE的工業(yè)制造世界。”

Deloitte had launched a blockchain lab and JP Morgan was building its own blockchain platform. At Goldman Sachs, the percentage of employees who had a background in some area of technology had increased from 5% to 25% in recent years. This didn’t even count the software developers who worked for the startups it was investing in at an increasingly rapid pace.

德勤已經(jīng)啟動(dòng)了一個(gè)區(qū)塊鏈實(shí)驗(yàn)室，而摩根大通正在構(gòu)建自己的區(qū)塊鏈平臺(tái) 。 在高盛，擁有某些技術(shù)背景的員工比例近年來(lái)已從5％增加到25％ 。 這甚至不包括為它所投資的新興公司工作的軟件開(kāi)發(fā)人員的步伐越來(lái)越快 。

The Economist stated that, “Not all that long ago, 600 people worked on a vast floor trading shares… Now, Goldman has 2 people who trade equities and another 200 software engineers who work on systems that, in effect, do the job on their own. Traditional investment-banking is ripe for change as well…Costly, redundant steps are being cut or, once again, automated.”

經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家說(shuō) ， “不是很久以前，有600個(gè)人在大量的場(chǎng)內(nèi)交易份額上工作…… 現(xiàn)在，高盛有2個(gè)人在進(jìn)行股票交易，還有另外200位軟件工程師在系統(tǒng)上工作，這些系統(tǒng)實(shí)際上是自己完成工作。 傳統(tǒng)的投資銀行業(yè)也已經(jīng)為變革做好了準(zhǔn)備…… 昂貴，多余的步驟被削減或再次實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)化。”

Bloomberg had its own thoughts on the matter: “Why would Goldman let these outsiders in? It needs them. The great innovations of our time aren’t emerging out of a Henry Cobb glass tower overlooking the Hudson River. They’re coming out of companies such as Kensho. Goldman needs to learn from them — to understand how they work, how they think, and how they plan to dismantle just about every industry Goldman makes money in, including its own.”

彭博對(duì)此有自己的想法 ：“高盛為什么要讓這些局外人進(jìn)入？ 它需要它們。 俯瞰哈德遜河的亨利·科布玻璃塔并不是我們這個(gè)時(shí)代的偉大創(chuàng)新。 他們來(lái)自Kensho等公司。 高盛需要向他們學(xué)習(xí)—了解他們的工作方式，思維方式以及打算如何拆除幾乎所有高盛賺錢(qián)的行業(yè)，包括自己的行業(yè)。”

Software companies like Facebook and Google had rocketed to the top of the stock market in a very short amount of time, unseating incumbents which needed decades to get there.

像Facebook和Google這樣的軟件公司在很短的時(shí)間內(nèi)就躍升到了股票市場(chǎng)的頂端，從而失去了需要數(shù)十年才能到達(dá)的老牌公司。

And it was hard to argue that those valuations were unjustified. The software these companies had built was enabling each of their employees to create so much more value.

很難說(shuō)這些估值是不合理的。 這些公司構(gòu)建的軟件使每個(gè)員工都可以創(chuàng)造更多的價(jià)值。

軟件使世界變得更美好 (Software is making the world a better place)

I rely on software every single day to get around, organize my day, communicate with friends, stay in touch with relatives, and generally liberate me from having to do repetitive and cumbersome tasks. The internet had democratized access to information and knowledge, and I was using it to read and learn about anything I wanted.

我每天都依靠軟件來(lái)四處走走，組織我的一天，與朋友交流，與親戚保持聯(lián)系，并且使我從執(zhí)行重復(fù)繁瑣的任務(wù)中解放出來(lái)。 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)使信息和知識(shí)的獲取變得民主化，我正在使用它來(lái)閱讀和了解我想要的任何東西。

But I knew that these benefits were nothing compared to what it was doing for other people and what it could do in the future. Chris Dixon wrote an article called Eleven Reasons to be Excited About the Future of Technology, which aggregated some of these potential breakthroughs. He discusses how self-driving cars could reduce accident-frequency rates by 80% (1.25 million people die from car-related injuries every year). He describes cancer-detection algorithms which could outperform human pathologists. He tells us about drones which could deliver medical supplies to remote villages.

但是我知道，與其他人所做的事情以及將來(lái)可以做的事情相比，這些好處無(wú)濟(jì)于事。 克里斯·迪克森(Chris Dixon)撰寫(xiě)了一篇名為《對(duì)技術(shù)的未來(lái)感到興奮的十一個(gè)理由》的文章，匯總了其中一些潛在的突破。 他討論了自動(dòng)駕駛汽車(chē)如何將事故頻率降低80％ (每年有125萬(wàn)人死于與汽車(chē)相關(guān)的傷害)。 他描述了可能優(yōu)于人類(lèi)病理學(xué)家的癌癥檢測(cè)算法。 他向我們介紹了可以將醫(yī)療用品運(yùn)送到偏遠(yuǎn)村莊的無(wú)人機(jī)。

“Right now, a Masai warrior on a mobile phone in the middle of Kenya has better mobile communications than the president did 25 years ago. If he’s on a smart phone using Google, he has access to more information than the U.S. president did just 15 years ago.” — Peter Diamandis“目前，肯尼亞中部的移動(dòng)電話上的馬賽族戰(zhàn)士比25年前的總統(tǒng)擁有更好的移動(dòng)通信能力。 如果他使用的是使用Google的智能手機(jī)，那么他將獲得比15年前的美國(guó)總統(tǒng)更多的信息。” —彼得·迪亞曼迪斯(Peter Diamandis)

許多軟件開(kāi)發(fā)人員沒(méi)有在傳統(tǒng)大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)編碼 (Many software developers didn’t learn to code at a traditional university)

I read a lot about these people. Ex-Goldman Sachs investment banker Preethi Kasireddy wrote about leaving her job as a venture capitalist at Andreessen Horowitz to enroll in a coding bootcamp. She became a software developer at Coinbase shortly after. Ex-poker pro Haseeb Qureshi described how he came up through the App Academy coding bootcamp to become a software developer at Airbnb. Then I heard about a guy named Andrew Charlebois. He used freeCodeCamp to go from carpenter with zero tech experience to software developer at a global advertising agency in under 5 months.

我對(duì)這些人有很多了解。 前高盛投資銀行家Preethi Kasireddy寫(xiě)道， 離開(kāi)安德森·霍洛維茨(Andreessen Horowitz)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資家職位 ，參加編碼訓(xùn)練營(yíng)。 此后不久，她成為Coinbase的軟件開(kāi)發(fā)人員。 前撲克職業(yè)玩家Haseeb Qureshi講述了他如何通過(guò)App Academy編碼訓(xùn)練營(yíng)成為Airbnb的軟件開(kāi)發(fā)人員。 然后我聽(tīng)說(shuō)了一個(gè)叫安德魯·沙勒波瓦的人 。 他使用freeCodeCamp在不到5個(gè)月的時(shí)間內(nèi)從擁有零技術(shù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的木匠轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐患胰驈V告代理商的軟件開(kāi)發(fā)人員。

I started looking at the job postings for software developers and noticed that many seemed impartial towards any particular bachelor’s degree. Some companies would explicitly leave out any mention of a degree in the requirements section, and instead expressed a preference for open-source portfolios.

我開(kāi)始查看針對(duì)軟件開(kāi)發(fā)人員的職位發(fā)布，并發(fā)現(xiàn)許多職位似乎對(duì)任何特定的學(xué)士學(xué)位都是公正的。 一些公司會(huì)在要求部分中明確提及學(xué)位，而對(duì)開(kāi)放源代碼組合表示偏愛(ài)。

I also started going to tech events where I met actual software developers and CTOs for the first time. Many — if not most — told me they had never studied computer science or engineering at a university.

我也開(kāi)始參加技術(shù)活動(dòng)，第一次見(jiàn)到了實(shí)際的軟件開(kāi)發(fā)人員和CTO。 許多(即使不是大多數(shù))告訴我，他們從未在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)或工程學(xué)。

All of this was confirmed when I found the results of Stack Overflow’s 2016 survey of over 50,000 software developers. More than half of the respondents did not have a bachelor’s degree in Computer Science or a related discipline, and 13% claimed to be entirely self-taught.

所有這一切的時(shí)候，我發(fā)現(xiàn)了確認(rèn)結(jié)果堆棧溢出的50000軟件開(kāi)發(fā)商2016年的調(diào)查。 超過(guò)一半的受訪者沒(méi)有計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)或相關(guān)學(xué)科的學(xué)士學(xué)位，而13％的受訪者聲稱(chēng)是完全自學(xué)的。

我的決定 (My decision)

I continued applying to a wide range of more traditional jobs. I wanted to appease my father, but I was also worried that I would run out of savings before I could land a job as a software developer.

我繼續(xù)申請(qǐng)各種更傳統(tǒng)的工作。 我想安撫父親，但我也擔(dān)心，在我找到軟件開(kāi)發(fā)人員之前，我的積蓄會(huì)用光。

Despite this, the path to take was clear: I believed that software was the future and wanted to learn how to help build some of it. Even if I didn’t become a professional, at least I’d finally be able to wrap my head around how all this magic was possible. I didn’t want to rely on something I had never even made an effort to understand. In fact, it felt irresponsible to do so.

盡管如此，走的路很明確：我相信軟件是未來(lái)，并想學(xué)習(xí)如何幫助構(gòu)建其中的一些。 即使我沒(méi)有成為專(zhuān)業(yè)人士，至少我最終還是可以將所有這些魔術(shù)變成可能。 我不想依靠我從未努力理解的東西。 實(shí)際上，這樣做是不負(fù)責(zé)任的。

學(xué)習(xí)編碼 (Learning to code)

I spent 8 months, 24/7, learning to code. I followed the freeCodeCamp curriculum and read books like Eloquent Javascript. I watched Udemy and Udacity videos, Googled StackOverflow answers, asked questions on the freeCodeCamp chat room. And I went to as many Node School workshops and Coffee’n’Code meet ups as I could.

我花了8個(gè)月的時(shí)間(24/7)學(xué)習(xí)編碼。 我遵循freeCodeCamp課程并閱讀了Eloquent Javascript之類(lèi)的書(shū)。 我在freeCodeCamp聊天室中觀看了Udemy和Udacity視頻，Googled StackOverflow答案以及常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題。 我去了盡可能多的Node School研討會(huì)和Coffee'n'Code聚會(huì)。

After 8 months I had put together a portfolio of simple client-side web applications. I had also started learning about server-side web applications and data persistence. I began applying for junior software developer positions. It was amazing how much interest I received despite being fully transparent about my lack of skill and experience.

8個(gè)月后，我整理了一組簡(jiǎn)單的客戶(hù)端Web應(yīng)用程序。 我還開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)服務(wù)器端Web應(yīng)用程序和數(shù)據(jù)持久性。 我開(kāi)始申請(qǐng)初級(jí)軟件開(kāi)發(fā)人員職位。 盡管對(duì)我缺乏技巧和經(jīng)驗(yàn)完全透明，但我收到了多少興趣，這真是令人驚訝。

Eventually, a startup called Shoelace brought me in for an interview. They asked me afterwards if I would be willing to do a two week paid trial. At the end of the two weeks, the CTO told me that they wanted to hire me. I was very junior, but they felt that I had the potential to learn quickly and grow into the role.

最終，一家名為Shoelace的初創(chuàng)公司將我?guī)ソ邮懿稍L。 之后，他們問(wèn)我是否愿意接受為期兩周的付費(fèi)試用。 在兩周結(jié)束時(shí)，CTO告訴我他們想雇用我。 我當(dāng)時(shí)還很初級(jí)，但是他們覺(jué)得我有潛力快速學(xué)習(xí)并逐漸成為這個(gè)角色。

今天 (Today)

I have been working full-time at Shoelace as a software developer for over a year. I’ve learned quickly since I work with other experienced developers whom I can ask for help. They introduced me to tools and patterns that would have taken me way longer to find out about on my own.

我作為軟件開(kāi)發(fā)人員在Shoelace從事全職工作超過(guò)一年。 自從我與其他經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的開(kāi)發(fā)人員合作以來(lái)，我很快就學(xué)到了東西，他們可以尋求幫助。 他們向我介紹了一些工具和模式，這些工具和模式將使我花費(fèi)更多的時(shí)間自行查找。

Most importantly, working on an app that’s actually in production has exposed me to some of the more practical aspects of software development. I’ve learned about sprint planning, working with a product manager’s specification, version control, testing, code review, deployment, error logging and app monitoring. These were all things I had never really thought about while I was learning to code on my own.

最重要的是，在實(shí)際生產(chǎn)中的應(yīng)用程序上工作使我接觸了軟件開(kāi)發(fā)的一些更實(shí)際的方面。 我已經(jīng)了解了Sprint計(jì)劃，如何使用產(chǎn)品經(jīng)理的規(guī)范，版本控制，測(cè)試，代碼審查，部署，錯(cuò)誤日志記錄和應(yīng)用程序監(jiān)視。 這些都是我自己學(xué)習(xí)編碼時(shí)從未真正想到的事情。

Earlier this year, I built a web app called Spotifest to help my friends and me create Spotify playlists based off of music festival lineups. Nothing feels better than building something and watching people use it to become faster or better at something they were doing manually before.

今年早些時(shí)候，我構(gòu)建了一個(gè)名為Spotifest的網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用，以幫助我和我的朋友們根據(jù)音樂(lè)節(jié)的陣容創(chuàng)建Spotify播放列表。 沒(méi)有什么比建造一件東西更好，并且看著人們使用它變得更快或更擅長(zhǎng)于他們以前手動(dòng)做的事情。

看著公司成長(zhǎng) (Watching the company grow)

When I started working at Shoelace, I was the 3rd full-time employee. Now we are hiring and will soon have 18 people. I’ve been able to witness a small team come up with new ideas everyday and then rapidly develop product to attract new users and raise venture capital.

當(dāng)我開(kāi)始在Shoelace工作時(shí)，我是第三位全職員工。 現(xiàn)在我們正在招聘，并將很快有18人。 我已經(jīng)見(jiàn)證了一個(gè)小團(tuán)隊(duì)每天提出新想法，然后Swift開(kāi)發(fā)產(chǎn)品以吸引新用戶(hù)并籌集風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資。

Earlier this year, we were accepted into the 500 Startups seed program. The founders of my company gave us all the opportunity to spend a month living in San Francisco and working out of the offices there. Experiencing the energy of Silicon Valley and the Bay Area for the first time was exhilarating!

今年早些時(shí)候，我們被納入500 Startups種子計(jì)劃 。 我公司的創(chuàng)始人給了我們所有的機(jī)會(huì)，讓他們?cè)谂f金山生活一個(gè)月并在辦公室工作。 第一次體驗(yàn)硅谷和灣區(qū)的能量令人振奮！

I’m not sure that I’ll choose to make my living as a software developer forever, but I know that my ability to code will always be a significant asset. I think that every company is becoming a tech company. An increasing number of roles are going to require at least a basic understanding of software development in order to make strategic decisions and manage teams effectively.

我不確定是否會(huì)選擇永遠(yuǎn)作為軟件開(kāi)發(fā)人員來(lái)謀生，但我知道我的編碼能力將永遠(yuǎn)是一項(xiàng)重要資產(chǎn)。 我認(rèn)為每個(gè)公司都在成為科技公司。 越來(lái)越多的角色將需要至少對(duì)軟件開(kāi)發(fā)有基本的了解，以便做出戰(zhàn)略決策并有效地管理團(tuán)隊(duì)。

Life is great, and I’m so glad I made the effort do this. Fixing bugs can be stressful, and writing unit tests can be tedious. But overall, I really enjoy this new-found ability to bring my ideas to life with code.

生活很美好，我很高興我為此付出了很多努力。 修復(fù)錯(cuò)誤可能會(huì)很麻煩，編寫(xiě)單元測(cè)試可能很乏味。 但是總的來(lái)說(shuō)，我真的很喜歡這種新發(fā)現(xiàn)的功能，可以通過(guò)代碼將我的想法變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)。

As Paul Graham said: “In 1970 a company president meant someone in their fifties, at least. If they had technologists working for them, they were treated like a racing stable: prized, but not powerful. But as technology has grown more important, the power of nerds has grown to reflect it. Now it’s not enough for a CEO to have someone smart they can ask about technical matters. Increasingly, they have to be that person themselves.”

正如保羅·格雷厄姆(Paul Graham) 所說(shuō) ：“在1970年，公司總裁至少意味著五十多歲的人。 如果他們有技術(shù)專(zhuān)家為他們工作，他們將被視為賽車(chē)場(chǎng)：珍貴但不強(qiáng)大。 但是，隨著技術(shù)變得越來(lái)越重要，書(shū)呆子的力量也日益體現(xiàn)出來(lái)。 現(xiàn)在，僅CEO擁有一個(gè)能問(wèn)技術(shù)問(wèn)題的聰明人還不夠。 他們?cè)絹?lái)越必須自己成為那個(gè)人。”

If you enjoyed this article, please give me some claps so more people see it.

如果您喜歡這篇文章，請(qǐng)給我一些鼓掌，以便更多的人看到。

And you can follow me on Twitter here. Thanks!

您可以在Twitter上關(guān)注我 。 謝謝！

翻譯自: https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/why-i-learned-to-code-instead-of-pursuing-a-career-in-finance-d5ef437c6922/

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