一.引入問題

幫朋友在CentOS上安裝一個10g的Oracle，結果朋友的CentOS版本是6.2的版本，最新的一個版本，不過Linux上基本都差不多，所以按照以前的步驟，迅速的操作起來，結果遇到N多以前沒有遇到過的錯誤。安裝被迫中斷，嘗試忽略之前的錯誤，又會遇到其他的錯誤。

1.1

ins_ctx.mk 問題

[oracle@xd logs]$ tail?installActions2012-05-05_01-20-00PM.log

INFO: collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

INFO: make: *** [ctxhx] Error 1

INFO: End output from spawned process.

INFO: ----------------------------------

INFO: Exception thrown from action: make

Exception Name: MakefileException

Exception String: Error in invoking target'install' of makefile

'/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/ctx/lib/ins_ctx.mk'.See

'/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2012-05-05_01-20-00PM.log'for

details.

Exception Severity: 1

[oracle@xd logs]$ yum install gcc

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror,refresh-packagekit, security

You need to be root to perform thiscommand.

[oracle@xd logs]$ rpm -qa

--queryformat"%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n" | grep

libgcc

libgcc-4.4.6-3.el6 (i686)

libgcc-4.4.6-3.el6 (x86_64)

1.2

ins_rdbms.mk 問題

[oracle@xd logs]$ tail?installActions2012-05-05_01-20-00PM.log

INFO: make[1]: Leaving

directory`/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib'

INFO: make: *** [extproc32] Error 2

INFO: End output from spawned process.

INFO: ----------------------------------

INFO: Exception thrown from action: make

Exception Name: MakefileException

Exception String: Error in invoking target'all_no_orcl' of

makefile

'/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk'.See

'/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2012-05-05_01-20-00PM.log'for

details.

Exception Severity: 1

1.3

ins_emdb.mk 問題

[oracle@xd logs]$ tail?installActions2012-05-05_01-20-00PM.log

INFO: make[1]: Leaving directory

`/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/sysman/lib'

INFO: make: *** [nmccollector] Error 2

INFO: End output from spawned process.

INFO: ----------------------------------

INFO: Exception thrown from action: make

Exception Name: MakefileException

Exception String: Error in invoking target'collector' of

makefile'/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/sysman/lib/ins_emdb.mk'.

See'/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2012-05-05_01-20-00PM.log'

fordetails.

Exception Severity: 1

1.4

ins_net_client.mk 問題

[oracle@xd logs]$

tailinstallActions2012-05-05_01-51-59PM.log

INFO:

/usr/bin/ar:/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/lib32/nnfgt.o: No

such file or directory

INFO: make: *** [nnfgt.o] Error 1

INFO: End output from spawned process.

INFO: ----------------------------------

INFO: Exception thrown from action: make

Exception Name: MakefileException

Exception String: Error in invoking target'nnfgt.o' of

makefile'/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/lib/ins_net_client.mk'.

See'/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2012-05-05_01-51-59PM.log'

fordetails.

Exception Severity: 1

1.5

ins_precomp.mk 問題

[oracle@xd logs]$

tailinstallActions2012-05-05_01-51-59PM.log

INFO: /bin/chmod: cannot

access`/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/precomp/lib/proc': No

such file ordirectory

INFO: make:

***[/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/precomp/lib/proc] Error

1

INFO: End output from spawned process.

INFO: ----------------------------------

INFO: Exception thrown from action: make

Exception Name: MakefileException

Exception String: Error in invoking target'relink' of

makefile'/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/precomp/lib/ins_precomp.mk'.

See'/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2012-05-05_01-51-59PM.log'

fordetails.

Exception Severity: 1

1.6

ins_plsql.mk 問題

[oracle@xd logs]$

tailinstallActions2012-05-05_01-51-59PM.log

collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

INFO: make: *** [wrap] Error 1

INFO: End output from spawned process.

INFO: ----------------------------------

INFO: Exception thrown from action: make

Exception Name: MakefileException

Exception String: Error in invoking target'install' of

makefile'/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/plsql/lib/ins_plsql.mk'.

See'/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2012-05-05_01-51-59PM.log'

fordetails.

Exception Severity: 1

1.7

ins_net_server.mk 問題

[oracle@xd logs]$

tailinstallActions2012-05-05_01-51-59PM.log

collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

INFO: make: *** [tnslsnr] Error 1

INFO: End output from spawned process.

INFO: ----------------------------------

INFO: Exception thrown from action: make

Exception Name: MakefileException

Exception String: Error in invoking target'install' of

makefile'/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/lib/ins_net_server.mk'.

See'/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2012-05-05_01-51-59PM.log'

fordetails.

Exception Severity: 1

1.8

ins_nau.mk 問題

[oracle@xd logs]$

tailinstallActions2012-05-05_01-51-59PM.log

INFO: ld returned 1 exit status

INFO: make: *** [oklist] Error 1

INFO: End output from spawned process.

INFO: ----------------------------------

INFO: Exception thrown from action: make

Exception Name: MakefileException

Exception String: Error in invoking target'ioklist iokinit

iokdstry' of

makefile'/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/lib/ins_nau.mk'.

See'/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2012-05-05_01-51-59PM.log'

fordetails.

Exception Severity: 1

1.9

ins_ldap.mk 問題

[oracle@xd logs]$

tailinstallActions2012-05-05_01-51-59PM.log

collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

INFO: make: *** [ldapadd] Error 1

INFO: End output from spawned process.

INFO: ----------------------------------

INFO: Exception thrown from action: make

Exception Name: MakefileException

Exception String: Error in invoking target'clientonlyinstall' of

makefile'/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/ldap/lib/ins_ldap.mk'.

See'/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2012-05-05_01-51-59PM.log'

fordetails.

Exception Severity: 1

1.10

ins_srvm.mk 問題

[oracle@xd logs]$

tailinstallActions2012-05-05_01-51-59PM.log

INFO: ld returned 1 exit status

INFO: make: *** [rawutl] Error 1

INFO: End output from spawned process.

INFO: ----------------------------------

INFO: Exception thrown from action: make

Exception Name: MakefileException

Exception String: Error in invoking target'install' of

makefile'/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/srvm/lib/ins_srvm.mk'.

See'/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/logs/installActions2012-05-05_01-51-59PM.log'

fordetails.

Exception Severity: 1

1.11

ins_has.mk 問題

[oracle@xd logs]$

tailinstallActions2012-05-05_01-51-59PM.log

collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

INFO: make: ***

[/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/racg/lib/racgmain]Error 1

INFO: End output from spawned process.

INFO: ----------------------------------

INFO: Exception thrown from action: make

Exception Name: MakefileException

因為之前沒有在CentOS 6.2

上安裝過Oracle，所以開始也是爭對具體情況去分析，饒了一圈之后，最終定位是安裝之前少包了，才導致在安裝過程中一些Binary

Options不能進行link。用yum 把需要的包全部打上之后，再次安裝就沒有問題了。

這里要清楚一個概念，就是Binary Options, 其就是Oracle 的組件，我們在把Oracle

安裝到系統上時，會對這些組件進行一個link的操作，我們這里因為少了包導致不能進行link。

這次是太大意了，安裝之前沒有去檢查包是否安裝全了，因為根據以往的經驗，把沒有的包打上就可以了，沒想到還有其他的包少了。所以操作中務必小心，要按照文檔步驟來。

其實在Linux

6平臺下，可以使用oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall包來操作，這個包會幫我們解決很多問題，包括前期包的依賴性和相關的參數配置工作，關于該包的使用，具體參考：

在Oracle Linux5中參考：

二.MOS

上部分解決方法

對第一部分列出的問題，這里從MOS上摘取2個的解決方案。

2.1

Ins_net_client.Mk 問題一

MOS 文章：

'Error In Invoking Target Ntcontab.o OfMakefile

Ins_net_client.Mk' [ID 341621.1]

2.1.1

Symptoms

A?popuperror occurs?during the

installation of the Oracle9i R2 Client (9.2.0.1)on Sun Solaris 5.9

(64-bit).

Popup error message:

Error in invoking target ntcontab.o of makefile

ins_net_client.mk

2.1.2

Cause

Expected defaultSun Solaris installed utilities (from Sun

Packages) not present in /usr/ccs/bindirectory.

Instead thefollowing utilities were symbolically linked to other

provider (packaged)utilities and/or renamed in the '/usr/ccs/bin'

directory:

/usr/ccs/bin/ar >> was symbolically linked to

/software/binutils/bin/ar(original ar was

moved ot a new name)

/usr/ccs/bin/as >> was moved to a new name

/usr/ccs/bin/ld >> was symbolically linked to

software/binutils/bin/ld(original ld was

moved ot a new name)

Investigation with System Administrator.

2.1.3 Solution

To implement the solution, please executethe following

steps:

1. Request the System Administrator remove the symbolic links and

restore theexpected default Sun Solaris installed utilities (at

least long enough tocomplete the Oracle Client installation and

relinking.

2. Once in place, run the Oracle9i R2 Client installation, or

manually relinkthe Oracle Client:

--手工relink Oracle

client

Run:

cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/lib

make -f ins_net_client.mk nnfgt.o

make -f ins_net_client.mk ntcontab.o

make -f ins_net_client.mk client_sharedlib

make -f ins_net_client.mk install

cd $ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/lib

make -f ins_sqlplus.mk install

cd $ORACLE_HOME/bin

relink client

2.2

Ins_net_client.Mk 問題二

MOS 文章：

Installing OracleAS on a Linux 64bit: Errorin invoking target

ntcontab.o of makefile ins_net_client.mk [ID 400301.1]

2.2.1

Symptoms

While installingthe Application

Server?10.1.2.0.2 on a Linux 64 bit distribution

(e.g.RedHat 4.0 64bit) the following error may be

raised?in a pop up windowwhen the Universal

Installer starts linking the binaries:

Error ininvoking target 'ntcontab.o' of

makefile'/myoraclehome/network/lib/ins_net_client.mk'

The error may beraised by any installation type (Infrastructure,

Metadata Repository, IdentityManagement, Midtiers).

2.2.2

Changes

Toinstall?the Application Server 10.1.2.0.2 in

a Linux 64bit O/S we need totailor the environment so

the?gcc?compiler works as a

32bitcompiler.?By default the gcc compiler

bundled with the Linux x86 64bitdistributions works in 64bit

mode.

2.2.3

Cause

There were 2 issues preventing thecompilation:

1) The /usr/bin/gcc compiler need to bewrapped to compile in

32bit mode and pick up the crt1.o file

2) The /usr/lib/crt1.o file was missing.

2.2.4

Solution

Firstly review the advice given in:

Note:377359.1?HandlingOracle

Application Server 10g Relinking Errors on Redhat and Suse 64-bit

Linux

If the advice in this note does not lead to a solution,try the

work-around steps given below.

1) Create ashell script

/usr/bin/gcc containing the following entries. Note the scriptwill

differ depending on the gcc version. Create a different shell

scriptdepending on the gccNN version:

For gcc32:

#!/bin/sh

exec /usr/bin/gcc32 -m32 -static -libgcc -B/usr/lib/ "$@"

For gcc33:

#!/bin/sh

exec /usr/bin/gcc33 -m32 -static -libgcc -B/usr/lib/ "$@"

For gcc34:

#!bin/sh

exec /usr/bin/gcc34 -m32 -static -libgcc

-B/usr/lib-L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/3.4.3/32 "$@"

2) Install the glibc-devel-2.3.4-2.25(32bit) RPM and verify you

have /usr/lib/crt1.o afterwards

3) Verify?libdb.so.2?is

installedin the system. The file should be there if

gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-34.1 (orlater) is installed:

rpm -qa |grep gnome-libs ==> Verifygnome-libs is there

rpm -ql gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-34.1| grep

libdb?==> Verify libdb.so.2 isincluded in the

rpm

4) Retry the failed relink and continue theinstallation.

2.3

ins_ctx.mk 問題

MOS 文章：

Error in Invoking Target 'Install' of Makefile

$ORACLE_HOME/ctx/lib/ins_ctx.mk [ID 362285.1]

2.3.1

Symptoms

While executingthe link phase of an Oracle Database Server

installation on LINUX x86-64 thefollowing error

occurs:

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/ctxhx fails to relink witherror

/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lgcc_s_32

2.3.2

Cause

Missing required 32bit RPMs for:

libgcc

Per :

Note851598.1?Linux OS

Requirements Reference List for Database Server

2.3.3

Solution

1. Check if you have the missing RPMinstalled.?For example:

rpm -qa --queryformat"%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n"

| grep libgcc

libgcc-4.1.2-48.el5 (x86_64)?<<<64bit

version

libgcc-4.1.2-48.el5 (i386)?<<<32bit version

2. Install any missing RPM's per:

Note851598.1?Linux OS

Requirements Reference List for Database Server

In this case libgcc-4.1.2-48.el5 (i386) <<<32bit version

was missing.

3. Relink per

Note131321.1?How

to Relink Oracle Database Software on UNIX/LINUX

for example:

% relink all > /tmp/relink.txt2>&1

4. Check relink.txt for errors

三.Relink Oracle

Database 說明

MOS文章：

How to Relink Oracle Database Software on UNIX [ID 131321.1]

3.1

背景說明

Applicationsfor UNIX are generally not distributed as complete

executables.

Oracle,like many application vendors who create products for UNIX,

distributeindividual object files, library archives of object

files, and some sourcefiles which then get "relinked" at the

operating system level duringinstallation to create usable

executables.?This guarantees a reliable

integration with functions provided by the OSsystem libraries.

UNIX平臺下的應用通常不是作為一個完整的可執行文件來部署的。Oracle 分散部署單獨的對象文件，對象文件的library archives 和一些源文件，然后在安裝過程中，在系統級別獲取這些對象的link，并用其創建可執行文件。

3.1.1 在以下情況下會自動進行Relink

Relinking occurs automatically under thesecircumstances:

(1)An Oracle product has beeninstalled with an Oracle provided

installer.

(2)An Oracle patch set has beenapplied via an Oracle provided

installer.

3.1.2 The

following information has been added to the 'Certify' section of

MyOracleSupport:

General Notes For Oracle

Database - Enterprise Edition:

O/S Information:

The vendors guarantee

operating systembinary compatibility; therefore, no reinstall or

relink of the Oracle software isrequired when upgrading these

operating systems unless specifically statedotherwise.

3.1.3

Relinking Oraclemanually is suggested under the following

circumstances(even though the OSvendor may not require

it):

--在以下情況下需要手工的Relinking

Oracle

(1)An OS upgrade has occurred.

(2)A change has been made to the OSsystem

libraries.?This can occur duringthe application

of an OS patch.

(3)A new install failed during therelinking phase.

(4)Individual Oracle executables coredump during initial

startup.

(5)An individual Oracle patch has beenapplied (however, explicit

relink instructions are usually either included inthe README or

integrated into the patch install script)

3.2

Relinking Oracle

注意事項：

This note shouldnot be used for 11GR2 GI/ASM home's (GI: Grid

Infrastructure).

以下方法爭對的是單實例，如果是RAC，參考：

How to Check Whether Oracle

Binary/Instance is RAC Enabled and Relink Oracle Binary in RAC [ID

284785.1]

手工Relink的步驟如下：

[Step 1] Log into theUNIX system as the

Oracle software owner:

=============================================================

Typically this is the user 'oracle'.

[STEP 2] Verify that your$ORACLE_HOME is

set correctly:

=============================================================

For all Oracle Versions and Platforms, perform this basic

environment check

first:

% cd $ORACLE_HOME

%

pwd?Doing this will ensure that $ORACLE_HOME is set correctly in your

currentenvironment.

[Step 3] Verify and/or Configure theUNIX

Environment for proper relinking:

=============================================================

For all Oracle Versionsand UNIX

Platforms:

The Platform specific environment

variablesLIBPATH, LD_LIBRARY_PATH,

SHLIB_PATHtypically are already set to include

system library locations like

'/usr/lib'.?In most cases, you

need only check what they are set to first, then addthe

$ORACLE_HOME/lib directory to them where appropriate.

i.e.:?%setenv

LD_LIBRARY_PATH ${ORACLE_HOME}/lib:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}

(see note:131207.1How to Set UNIX

Environment Variables for help with?setting UNIX

environment variables)

If on AIX with:

--------------

NOTE: Beforerelinking, after stopping all required processes,

issue the

following

as root to detach all files frommemory that are not attached to an

active process:

# /usr/sbin/slibclean

Oracle 7.3.X:

- Set LIBPATH to include$ORACLE_HOME/lib

Oracle

8.0.X:

- Set LIBPATH to include$ORACLE_HOME/lib

- Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to include$ORACLE_HOME/lib and

$ORACLE_HOME/network/lib (Requiredwhen using Oracle products that

use Java)

- Set LINK_CNTRL to L_PTHREADS_D7if using AIX 4.3. ('oslevel'

verifies ?OSversion)

Oracle 8.1.X,

9.X.X, 10.X.X or 11.x.x:

- For 8.1.5, set LINK_CNTRL toL_PTHREADS_D7

- If not 8.1.5, ensure thatLINK_CNTRL is not set

- Set LIBPATH to include$ORACLE_HOME/lib

If on DATA GENERAL AVIION (DG)

with:

-----------------------------------

Oracle 7.3.X or 8.0.X:

- Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to include$ORACLE_HOME/lib

- ensure TARGET_BINARY_INTERFACEis unset

Oracle 8.1.X:

- Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH

toinclude?$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/JRE/lib/PentiumPro/native_threads

If on HP-UX with:

----------------

Oracle 7.3.X,8.0.X, 8.1.X;

- Set

SHLIB_PATH to $ORACLE_HOME/lib

If using 64bit 8i Oracle, also

- Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to$ORACLE_HOME/lib64

- ensure LPATH is unset

Oracle 9.X.X,10.X.X or 11.x.x;

- ensure LPATH is unset

If on NCR with:

--------------

Oracle

7.3.X, 8.0.X or 8.1.X:

- Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to include$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/ccs/lib

If on SCO UNIXware with:

-----------------------

Oracle 7.3.X

or 8.0.X:

- Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to include$ORACLE_HOME/lib

Oracle

8.1.X:

- Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to include

$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/JRE/lib/x86at/native_threads

If on SGI with:

--------------

32bit Oracle

7.3.X or 8.0.X:

- Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to include$ORACLE_HOME/lib

- Set SGI_ABI to -32?64bit Oracle

8.0.X or 8.1.X (8i isonly available in 64bit):

- Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to include$ORACLE_HOME/lib

- Set SGI_ABI to -64

- If one does not already exist,create the file compiler.defaults

and

set the COMPILER_DEFAULTS_PATHvariable:

In the Oracle software owner's $HOMEdirectory, create a file called

'compiler.defaults':

總結

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