C.152: Never assign a pointer to an array of derived class objects to a pointer to its base

C.152:永遠(yuǎn)不要將派生類數(shù)組的指針賦值給基類指針

Reason(原因)

Subscripting the resulting base pointer will lead to invalid object access and probably to memory corruption.

作為賦值結(jié)果的基類指針的下標(biāo)運算會引起無效的對象訪問并可能發(fā)生內(nèi)存破壞。

Example(示例)

struct B { int x; };struct D : B { int y; };void use(B*);D a[] = {{1, 2}, {3, 4}, {5, 6}};B* p = a; // bad: a decays to &a[0] which is converted to a B*p[1].x = 7; // overwrite D[0].yuse(a); // bad: a decays to &a[0] which is converted to a B*

Enforcement(實施建議)

• Flag all combinations of array decay and base to derived conversions.
• 提示所有數(shù)組退化和基類類型向派生類類型轉(zhuǎn)換的情況。
• Pass an array as a span rather than as a pointer, and don't let the array name suffer a derived-to-base conversion before getting into the span
• 使用span傳遞數(shù)組而不是指針，也不要再放入span之前讓數(shù)組名經(jīng)過一次派生類向基類類型的轉(zhuǎn)換。

原文鏈接：

https://github.com/isocpp/CppCoreGuidelines/blob/master/CppCoreGuidelines.md#c151-use-make_shared-to-construct-objects-owned-by-shared_ptrs

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